PubMed · 14224450
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U CIULLA. 1964. [CERVICAL HOSTILITY].. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14224450/
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PROBLEM: This study was carried out to determine the presence of early pregnancy factor (EPF) activity in cervical mucus of pregnant women and explore the relationship between EPF activity in sera suggested it and in cervical mucus. METHOD OF STUDY: Cervical mucus and sera were collected from 60 pregnant women in different terms and 25 non-pregnant women, respectively. EPF activity was detected by rosette inhibition assay. RESULTS: EPF activity did exist in cervical mucus of pregnant women and was similar both in cervical mucus and sera. CONCLUSIONS: We report here for the first time the EPF activity in cervical mucus of pregnant women. The parallel change observed in sera suggested it might be another useful index in evaluating embryo viability.
The effect of the female genital tract on sperm is not well known. To investigate the effect of cervical mucus on the lipid content of human sperm, we co-incubated sperm and mucus samples in vitro such that the sperm were able to swim in and out of the mucus samples. High performance liquid chromatography and UV detection were used to measure the lipid contents of the sperm and cervical mucus before and after migration. The concentrations of cholesterol, vitamin E, sphingomyelin, diacyls and plasmalogens in sperm were all approximately 45% lower after migration in cervical mucus and the cervical mucus was found to be enriched in some of these lipid species after the sperm migration. These results suggest that the cervical mucus selects a subpopulation of sperm with a lower lipid content. However, a concomitant efflux of various lipid classes from the sperm to the cervical mucus cannot be ruled out.
Cervical mucus is egg white-like mucus that increases in the female cervical canal and external os of the uterus at ovulatory phase. Spermatozoa climb up through this mucus to the uterine tube, where they meet an oocyte causing fertilization. If this cervical mucus has quality or quantity problems, spermatozoa are unable to ascend. Then, so-called infertility due to cervical hostility would occur(5% in general). One day before ovulation, because there is the highest amount of cervical mucus, the greatest degree of Spinnbarkeit and the lowest degree of viscoelasticity, spermatozoa are able to penetrate it in the easiest way according to the paper by Moghissi KS, et al. In another paper by Wolf DP, et al., the strict measuring of the cervical mucus Spinnbarkeit and viscoelasticity using magnetic microrheometer was explained. On the other hand, we were able to calculate in an easier way the cervical mucus viscoelasticity by the NEVA (new equipment for viscosity assessment) meter (Ishikawa Iron Works Corporation, Kitakyushu). We review the rheology of human cervical mucus including our data with the NEVA meter.