PubMed · 14170747
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M KAWAI. 1964-06-15. [ON DOUBTFUL INTERPRETATIONS].. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14170747/
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The history of humanity has registered conventions about illness and treatment, in a dialectics that is mediated by material and objective conditions, where health practices can be identified. In the field of mental health, conceptions of psychic sickening and therapeutics can be identified in different periods of political and economic development and in the organization of human society, since the origin of times to the contemporary period. This article proposes a connection between health/mental illness process comprehension and treatments, referring to the historical contexts in which they were/are registered and searches for the meaning of practices and their current social meaning.
The stability of taxonomy within Penicillium is reviewed with respect to mycotoxin production. Identification remains difficult despite the availability of modern methods. Proficiency testing is rare and conventional identifications do not inform reliably as to whether mycotoxins were detected/produced. A solution which consists of identifying a Penicillium strain as terverticillate and then undertaking mycotoxin analysis is described.
The health theories of Nordenfelt and Boorse are compared. Critical attention is focused on Nordenfelt's description of his theory as one of holistic welfare, contrasting with Boorse's analytical and statistical approach. Neither theory is found to give an entirely satisfactory account of 'health' in scientific medicine or common usage. Because Nordenfelt attenuates the ontological significance of organs and organ parts and simplifies the role of statistics, his theory is regarded as weakly holistic. Boorse underrates the importance of non-statistical evaluation. A mediating position, termed 'strong holism' is suggested as a way of integrating normative and statistical elements in a more adequate health concept.