PubMed · 14168830
The source did not provide an abstract. Follow the original record for more information.
Explore connections, maps & timelines
M MILNE. 1964. PYELONEPHRITIS.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14168830/
Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.
KEEP EXPLORING
Vibrio fischeri ATCC 7744 is an ampicillin resistant (Amp(r)) marine luminous bacterium. The MIC test indicates that V. fischeri is highly resistant to penicillins, and susceptible to cephalosporins. V. fischeri ampC gene was cloned and identified. Nucleotide sequence of an unidentified ufo gene and the ampC, ppiB genes (GenBank Accession No. AY438037) has been determined; whereas the ampC gene encodes the beta-lactamase (AmpC) and the ppiB gene encodes the peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase B. Alignment and comparison show that V. fischeri beta-lactamase is homologous to the related species'. The specific amino acid residues STFK (62nd to 65th), SDN (122nd to 124th), and D (155th) located 34 residues downstream from the SDN loop of the class A beta-lactamases are highly conserved, but the KTG is not found. V. fischeri ampC gene encoding beta-lactamase has a calculated M(r) 31,181 and comprises 283 amino acid residues (pI 5.35). There is a signal peptide of 18 amino acid residues MKIKPFLFGLIVLANNAI in the pro-beta-lactamase, which functioned for secretion; thus, the matured protein only has M(r) 29,197 and comprises 265 amino acid residues (pI 4.95). SDS-PAGE and the beta-lactamase functional assays elicit that the M(r) of the beta-lactamases are close to 29kDa. IEF and the beta-lactamase functional assays show that the beta-lactamases' pI are close to 4.8 as predicted. The results elucidate that V. fischeri ampC gene and the cloned ampC gene in Escherichia coli are the same one. The gene order of the ampC and the related genes is -ufo-(P*-intern)-ampC-ppiB--> (P*-intern: intern promoter for sub-regulation), whereas the P*-intern promoter displays the function to lead the ampC gene's expression for stress response.
Reliable molecular methods for determination of relatedness between bacterial isolates have become increasingly important to evaluate outbreaks and endemic situations with nosocomial pathogens. In the present study Simpson's index of diversity with calculated confidence intervals was used to compare amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) and pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) analysis of a hospital outbreak of ampicillin-resistant Enterococcus faecium and subsequent endemicity. The outbreak, in a Norwegian tertiary hospital, of infections caused by these enterococci started in 1995 and increased in 1996 after which the situation turned endemic. The purpose of this study was to compare the two methods in this setting and to determine the length of time during an outbreak that these methods are sufficiently valid to be of value for hospital infection control efforts. One hundred and sixty clinical isolates from urine specimens collected during the period 1995-1999 were included. The findings indicate that PFGE and AFLP are equally discriminative and could in this setting be used for typing purposes over the whole 5-year period.
BACKGROUND: Antibiotic prophylaxis in spine surgery is still a debated question, involving medical, ethical, economic, and legal issues. The aim of our retrospective study was to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of an intraoperative protocol of antibiotic prophylaxis. METHODS: During a 3-year period, 973 patients were consecutively operated on for clean spinal operations. Twenty-three percent of the cases involved the cervical spine and 77% the thoraco-lumbar spine; about 90% of patients were operated on for degenerative diseases and the remaining for traumatic lesions or tumors. Patients undergoing operations shorter than 120 minutes received a single-dose of IV ampicillin 1000 mg and sulbactam 500 mg (AS) at induction of anesthesia. In procedures longer than 120 minutes and/or requiring prosthetic materials, an IV single-dose of teicoplanin 400 mg was also administered at the same time. A second intraoperative dose of AS and teicoplanin was administered in operations longer than 4 hours (240 minutes after the first one) and in procedures in which blood loss exceeded 1500 mL. Postoperative prophylaxis has never been performed. RESULTS: The only side effect was a cutaneous rash in 7 cases (0.7%), without any consequence. A wound infection was detected in 9 cases (<1%), all successfully treated with surgical toilette and specific antibiotic treatment. A lumbar discitis was detected in 4 out of 657 microdiscectomies (0.6%). CONCLUSIONS: Even if this study has the weakness of the retrospective character, our intraoperative antibiotic prophylaxis protocol proved to be safe and efficacious. We hope that these preliminary results will be confirmed by larger prospectic trials.