PubMed · 1404945
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H Miura. 1992. [Lysis protocol for bacteria].. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1404945/
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There is a paucity of literature addressing infection-related morbidity and mortality in children with primary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH), a rare condition characterized by abnormal proliferation of macrophages, hypercytokinemia, and T cell immunosuppression. Therefore, a retrospective chart review was done of patients diagnosed with primary HLH over a 15-year period. Significant infections present at diagnosis, during the course of illness, and just prior to death or at autopsy were noted. Of the 18 children identified with primary HLH, an infectious agent was documented at the initial presentation of HLH in 5. Significant infections occurred during therapy in 10 (56%) of 18. Of the 12 fatal cases, invasive infection was the cause of death in 8 children, and 6 of these deaths were directly attributable to invasive fungal infection. Significant infections were common during therapy in children with primary HLH, and fungal infections were an important cause of mortality in this group.
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Lung transplantation has become an accepted treatment for end-stage pulmonary parenchymal and vascular diseases. Infections still are the most common cause of early and late morbidity and mortality in lung transplant recipients. Bacterial infections comprise approximately half of all infectious complications. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections and disease have become less frequent, because of prophylaxis with ganciclovir. Because CMV is also involved in the pathogenesis of obliterative bronchiolitis, the frequency of this infection may also reduce the occurrence of this main obstacle to successful lung transplantation. Invasive fungal infections remain a problem, but they have also decreased in frequency because of better control of risk factors such as CMV disease and preemptive antifungal therapy. Nonherpes respiratory viral infections have emerged as a serious problem. Their severity may be reduced by treatment with ribavirin. Meticulous postoperative surveillance, however, is still crucial for the management of lung transplant patients with respect to early detection and treatment of rejection and infection.