PubMed · 13713745
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F HERRMANN. 1961-04-21. [Preputial calculus].. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/13713745/
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We have experimentally quantified calculus fragmentation by Er:YAG laser light. Er:YAG laser light was delivered to an underwater target through a sealed hollow optical fiber. Fragmentation efficiency was obtained for an alumina ball used as a calculus model when sealing caps with various focusing effects were used. Three types of human calculus were analyzed, and their absorption properties at the wavelength of Er:YAG laser light were obtained. The relationships among the absorption properties, calculus constituents, and fragmentation efficiency are discussed.
Calcifications in chronic pancreatitis are usually the result of chronic inflammation or altered metabolism. Calcifications can perpetuate the cycle of ductal obstruction and contribute to pain, worsening of pancreatic inflammation, ductal disruption, and deterioration of the exocrine and endocrine function of the gland. Removal of pancreatic duct calculi can reduce pain and improve glandular function. Purely endoscopic stone removal has limited success, because of stone location, burden, and presence of strictures in the pancreatic duct. Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) allows fragmentation of stones refractory to endoscopic methods and facilitates spontaneous stone passage or endoscopic removal. Among the various forms of lithotripters, none is clearly superior to the others. Current data suggest that ESWL is effective in complete duct clearance in up to 50% of patients and in duct decompression and symptomatic improvement in up to 70% of patients. ESWL should be considered as a useful adjunctive tool in the treatment of pancreatic duct calculi.
The pancreatic stones (Pancreatic calculi) collected from patients suffering from chronic calcific pancreatitis were studied in a view to explore the constituents involved in the calcification. The calcified stones were characterized by XRD, EPR and IR spectroscopic techniques. The detailed studies indicate that these stones consist of calcium carbonate as a major component, besides phosphates and other protein content. The presence of aragonite phases in the biomineralized stones is also discussed. The EPR spectra gave an evidence of the presence of traces of manganese in different oxidation states, which is used as one of the EPR probes in the present work. The samples were sintered at different temperatures to remove all the organic matter, and their EPR spectra have been studied to obtain detailed information regarding the changes in the symmetry of these stone samples. The X-irradiated sample was also characterized by EPR and the resonance signals are attributed to freely rotating CO(2)(-) radicals. The infrared spectrum reveals the presence of many organic bands corresponding to the protein amides.