PubMed · 13117633
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1954-01-30. NOISE.. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.1954.02940390036013
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At the conclusion of a Symposium on 15-16 December 2000 organized in his honour, Michel Fardeau gave a short talk, in which he tried to epitomize the essential philosophy of his medical life. Having been privileged to attend that meeting, amongst Michel's many other friends from various parts of the world, we asked his permission to publish those remarks in this journal. We hope that the readers of Acta Myologica will feel the same emotion that we had when we listened to Michel's deeply moving words, from the heart.
When the vertigo of Meniere's disease becomes refractory to medical management, a variety of surgical options are available. If intratympanic gentamicin has failed or is not recommended and serviceable hearing is present, sectioning the vestibular nerve is an excellent option in terms of vertigo control, hearing preservation, and postoperative quality of life. Transection of the vestibular nerve has gone through a metamorphosis since attempted by Krause over a century ago. The microsurgical posterior fossa vestibular neurectomy has undergone an evolution, resulting in the combined RRVN. This is essentially a retrosigmoid approach with exposure of the lateral venous sinus to allow forward retraction of the sinus and better exposure. This technique has the advantages of minimization of required mastoid and suboccipital bone work, elimination of the need for cerebellar retraction, improved exposure, ability to achieve watertight dural closure to minimize incidence of CSF leakage, low incidence of postoperative headache, and low overall complication rate. If a cleavage plain cannot be readily identified, then the superior half of the eighth nerve is sectioned near the brainstem. The results are essentially the same whether the vestibular nerve is cut in the IAC or the posterior fossa. Vertigo has been completely controlled in 85% and hearing has been preserved at the preoperative level in 80% of patients. Combined RRVN is a direct and safe technique, with high success in properly selected patients.
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Little has been published about permanent hearing loss due to radiotherapy, thus making it a rather unknown phenomenon. Therefore, we performed a study of the literature over the last 20 years. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixteen relevant clinical studies were found, reporting mostly on nasopharyngeal or parotid gland treatments. Hearing loss was measured using a pure tone audiogram. Studies were assessed using a simple scoring list. Nine studies were used for further analysis. Data on the pure tone audiogram were pooled. RESULTS: Results showed that, especially in the higher frequencies (> or =4 kHz), loss can be measured. When data were pooled, in 42 +/- 3% of the patients a hearing loss was found of 10 dB or more at 4 kHz. Averaged over all measured frequencies the effect is less prominent but still statistically significant (18 +/- 2%). No significant difference between nasopharyngeal and parotid gland treatment was found (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Only a few studies, mostly concerning small patient numbers, have investigated hearing damage due to radiotherapy. So far there has been no consensus on the subject. However, in this systematic review we found a significant effect. Dose to the inner ear therefore deserves more attention, especially in dose escalation studies and inverse planning.