PubMed · 13033873
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K YAMAFUJI, T AKITA. 1952-09-01. On transoximation.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/13033873/
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Hexanal is a key organoleptic element of green-note that is found in both fragrances and flavors. We report a novel process for the production of hexanal using immobilized enzyme templates extracted from different plant sources in combination with hollow-fiber ultrafiltration for in situ separation. Enzyme templates, known to be responsible for the synthesis of hexanal from linoleic acid (18:2), were isolated from naturally enriched tissues including carnation petals, strawberry and tomato leaves. These templates were immobilized in an alginate matrix and used as a biocatalyst in a packed-bed bioreactor. Continuous product recovery was achieved using a hollow-fiber ultrafiltration unit. The effects of pH, reaction temperature, and substrate and enzyme concentrations were studied and their effects on hexanal generation identified and optimized. Utilizing optimized conditions, hexanal production 112-fold higher than endogenous steady-state levels in a corresponding amount of plant tissue could be achieved over a 30-minute period. Based on the reactor studies, product inhibition also appears to be an important factor for bioreactor-based hexanal production.
The study was done to evaluate the efficacy of using reuterin produced by Lactobacillus reuteri to sanitize biological tissues. The microorganism tested in the study was Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a common cause of nosocomial biomaterial-related infections. The inhibitory effect of reuterin on P. aeruginosa for an inoculated tissue was investigated at different conditions of concentration, temperature, and pH. Additionally, the cellular compatibility of the reuterin-sanitized tissue was evaluated. Glutaraldehyde was employed as a control. It was noted that the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC, 33.0 +/- 2.9 ppm) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC, 50.0 +/- 0.0 ppm) values of reuterin for P. aeruginosa were significantly lower than their glutaraldehyde counterparts (MIC, 130.0 +/- 8.2 ppm and MBC, 180.0 +/- 18.3 ppm). This indicated that reuterin was more efficient than glutaraldehyde as an antimicrobial agent. The addition of reuterin on the inoculated tissue led to a reduced viability of P. aeruginosa. The reduction in the P. aeruginosa culture was more pronounced with increasing the concentration of reuterin (0-100 ppm). At increasing temperature (25-45 degrees C), there was an increasing effect of reuterin on its sanitization activity. However, it should be pointed out that the growth of P. aeruginosa in the nutrient broth was also significantly affected by temperature. The sanitization activity of reuterin was more evident with increasing the pH level (pH 6.5-8.5). The cytotoxicity of reuterin was significantly lower than that of glutaraldehyde. Additionally, the cellular compatibility of the reuterin-sanitized tissue was superior to its glutaraldehyde-sanitized counterpart.
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