PubMed · 12924263
The source did not provide an abstract. Follow the original record for more information.
Explore connections, maps & timelines
Naoto Keicho, Ko Nakata, Minako Hijikata. 2003-07-10. [Diffuse panbronchiolitis].. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12924263/
Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.
KEEP EXPLORING
The aim of this study was to investigate potential differences in the local nasal immune response between bronchiolitis and upper respiratory tract infection induced by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Nasal brush samples were obtained from 14 infants with RSV bronchiolitis and from 8 infants with RSV upper respiratory tract infection. The samples were taken during infection (acute phase) and 2-4 weeks later (convalescent phase). Cytospin preparations were stained immunohistochemically for T cells, macrophages, and eosinophils. Staining also took place for intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), T-helper 1 (Th1)-like (interleukin-12 [IL-12], interferon-gamma [IFN-gamma]), Th2-like (IL-4, IL-10), and proinflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-8, IL-18). During both RSV-induced bronchiolitis and upper respiratory tract infection, cellular inflammation was observed. This was characterised by an increase in the numbers of nasal macrophages, which tended to be higher in bronchiolitis than in upper respiratory tract infection. Numbers of T lymphocytes and ICAM-1 positive cells increased during both bronchiolitis and upper respiratory tract infection. There were no differences between numbers in the groups. Interestingly, a distinct nasal proinflammatory cytokine response was observed in RSV-induced bronchiolitis. This is characterised by an increase in the number of IL-18 positive cells. This increase is specific for bronchiolitis, as a similar increase could not be detected in RSV-induced upper respiratory tract infection. Numbers of IL-6 and IL-12 positive cells were higher in both bronchiolitis and upper respiratory tract infection, and there were no differences between the groups. By contrast, the number of IL-8, IFN-gamma, IL-4, and IL-10-positive cells remained constant. In conclusion, clear differences were found in nasal immune responses of children with RSV-induced upper respiratory tract infection or bronchiolitis. The induction of a strong IL-18 response was typical for bronchiolitis, as this could not be observed in RSV-induced upper respiratory tract infection, and could explain the eosinophilia that is observed frequently during bronchiolitis.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
OBJECTIVES: To determine the influence of pre- and postnatal tobacco exposure in the development of bronchiolitis. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A questionnaire was given to the parents of children hospitalized between August 2001 and August 2002. It included items on parental smoking habits and maternal smoking during pregnancy. Clinical, analytical and radiological criteria were used to diagnose bronchiolitis. RESULTS: Of 450 children, 123 (27.3 %) were diagnosed with bronchiolitis. The control group was composed of 327 children. A total of 61.6 % of the children had at least one parent who smoked and 32.9 % of these children developed bronchiolitis; 39.1 % had non-smoking parents and 18.2 % were hospitalized with bronchiolitis (OR 2.20 [1.39-3.47]). Of the entire group of children studied, 35.3 % had mothers who smoked and 37.7 % of these children had bronchiolitis compared with 21.4 % of children whose mothers were non-smokers (OR 2.22 [1.45-3.39]). A total of 49.6 % had fathers who smoked, and 32.3 % of these children were diagnosed with bronchiolitis compared with 22 % of children whose fathers were non-smokers (OR 1.65 [1.10-2.57]). Forty-four percent of children whose mothers smoked during pregnancy were hospitalized with bronchiolitis compared with only 20.9 % of non-exposed children (OR 2.96 [1.90-4.62]). The large number of mothers who smoked during pregnancy (27.8 %) was notable. Multivariant analysis with logistic regression was performed and the only variable that remained statistically significant was smoking during pregnancy (p < 0.00001; OR 3.27 [1.39-7.71]). CONCLUSIONS: Maternal smoking during pregnancy seems to be the main risk factor for the subsequent development of bronchiolitis