PubMed · 12436546
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H Mitani, T Nishioka. 1994. [Exercise echocardiography].. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12436546/
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There is no information available on left ventricular (LV) systolic function and the response to stress echocardiography in asymptomatic subjects with hereditary hemochromatosis (HH). To evaluate this topic, 43 asymptomatic subjects with HH homozygous for the C282Y HFE gene mutation (22 untreated subjects [group A] and 21 long-term treated subjects [group B]) were compared with 21 age- and gender-matched normal volunteers negative for HFE mutations. Contractile reserve, as a measure of LV systolic function, was assessed using continuous echocardiographic imaging and electrocardiography during supine bicycle exercise. Nineteen subjects in group A had repeat tests after 6 months of induction phlebotomy therapy to assess the effect of iron removal. Exercise performance and hemodynamic variables of supine bicycle exercise were comparable between subjects with HH and controls. LV contractile reserve of asymptomatic subjects with HH was not impaired at either a 75-W submaximal exercise level (mean +/- SD difference in ejection fraction from baseline 13.8 +/- 6.2%, 11.5 +/- 6.8%, and 13.4 +/- 7.8% in groups A, B, and C, respectively; p = NS for all by analysis of variance) or at peak exercise (difference in ejection fraction from baseline 18.9 +/- 6.9%, 18.4 +/- 7.8%, and 20.3 +/- 8.1% in groups A, B, and C, respectively; p = NS for all by analysis of variance). However, the incidence of abnormal ischemic stress electrocardiographic responses was more frequent in subjects with HH as a whole (33%) compared with normal subjects (10%). Stress imaging revealed no regional wall motion abnormalities, suggesting that these were false-positive results. Iron removal by induction phlebotomy did not affect stress echocardiographic performance. In conclusion, LV systolic function during exercise in asymptomatic subjects with HH is preserved, and 6-month induction phlebotomy does not affect stress echocardiographic performance.
BACKGROUND: Exercise electrocardiography (ECG) has high specificity but limited sensitivity for the detection of myocardial ischemia. The aim of this study was to determine whether measurement of B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) can improve the diagnostic accuracy of exercise ECG. METHODS: A total of 256 consecutive patients with suspected myocardial ischemia referred for rest/ergometry myocardial perfusion single-photon emission computed tomography were enrolled. Levels of BNP were determined before and 1 minute after maximal exercise. RESULT: Inducible myocardial ischemia on perfusion images was detected in 127 patients (49.6%). Median BNP levels at rest and after peak exercise were higher in patients with than without inducible ischemia (71 pg/mL vs 38 pg/mL, P < .001; and 88 vs 52 pg/mL, P < .001, respectively). Compared with patients in the lowest peak exercise BNP quartile, those in the highest quartile of peak exercise BNP had more than 3 times the risk of inducible ischemia (adjusted relative risk 3.3, 95% CI 1.3-8.6, P = .015). Using 110 pg/mL as a cutoff, the combination of exercise ECG and peak exercise BNP level distinguished between ischemic and nonischemic patients more accurately than the exercise ECG alone (67% vs 60%, P = .024). Although the increase in accuracy was similar for the combination of exercise ECG with baseline BNP or DeltaBNP, overall, peak exercise BNP seemed to be the preferred measurement. CONCLUSIONS: B-type natriuretic peptide levels are associated with inducible myocardial ischemia. The use of BNP levels improves the diagnostic accuracy of exercise ECG.
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: A low-to-moderate level of agreement on the interpretation of dobutamine echocardiography has been reported, but there are no similar findings on exercise echocardiography. The objectives of this study were to assess the level of agreement between centers on the use of exercise echocardiography and to evaluate the accuracy of the technique when used in a blinded manner. PATIENTS AND METHOD: Six institutions with experience in exercise echocardiography each sent 25 study results to the other centers. Of these, 15 were positive or negative studies on consecutive patients undergoing coronary angiography, and 10 were on non-diabetic patients who had non-coronary chest pain or were asymptomatic and whose pretest probability of coronary artery disease was < 10%. Each institution evaluated 150 studies: 125 blinded and 25 of their own with knowledge of clinical data. RESULTS: For 116 patients (78%), four or more of the five centers blindly evaluating each study agreed with the positive or negative result. The average kappa coefficient was 0.48 (intercenter range 0.45-0.52). The percentage agreement was higher with three-vessel disease (93%, range 85%-95%), with left anterior descending coronary artery disease (83%, range 80%-86%), and when the referring institution reported baseline dyssynergy (86%, range 82%-90%), dyssynergy in left anterior descending coronary artery territory (81%, range 76%-84%), or a peak wall motion score index > 1.50 (88%, range 85%-90%). When the technique was used blinded to detect > or = 50% coronary narrowing in > or = 1 vessel, its sensitivity, specificity and accuracy were 68%, 66% and 67%, respectively, with wide variability between centers. CONCLUSIONS: There was moderate agreement between centers on the interpretation of exercise echocardiography. When used blinded, the technique's accuracy was lower than that reported when clinical data is known.