Search PubMed⌕ Search
Home/Archive/PubMed

PubMed · 12210596

Magnetite tattoos.

Misbah Huzaira·R Rox Anderson
View original source ↗Export metadata ↓

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Tattoo removal is a significant problem. The extraction of magnetite (Fe(3)O(4)) ink tattoos by a magnetic field was investigated, with and without Q-switched laser treatment. STUDY DESIGN/MATERIALS AND METHODS: Magnetite particles (1.4 microm) were used to make mature, black skin tattoos on hairless albino rats. A Q-switched ruby laser (QSRL) 3.5 J/cm(2), 6.5-mm spot size, 40-nanosecond pulse width was used for treatment. Permanent magnets (1.4 T, 6-mm diameter) were tested to extract the magnetite particles, alone and after QSRL. Lightening of treated tattoos was measured from digital photographs, and the amount and distribution of magnetite in skin biopsies was scored blindly. RESULTS: External application of magnets on mature magnetite tattoos without prior QSRL treatment, did not significantly extract, lighten, darken, or change their histologic appearance. A magnetic field applied immediately after QSRL treatment extracted some ink when epidermal injury was present, and caused significant redistribution of magnetite into the upper dermis with vertical banding along magnetic field lines. When applied for 3 weeks following QSRL, magnets caused darkening of tattoos. CONCLUSIONS: Magnetite skin tattoos can be manipulated by external magnets, especially after Q-switched laser treatment. Magnetically-extractable tattoos may be feasible.

Explore related subjects

AlbinismAnimalsContrast MediaDisease Models, AnimalFerrosoferric OxideFollow-Up StudiesIronLaser TherapyMagneticsOxidesRatsSkinTattooingTime FactorsJournal Article

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeXRIS

Misbah Huzaira, R Rox Anderson. 2002. Magnetite tattoos.. https://doi.org/10.1002/lsm.10075

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related citations

PubMed2006

FVB.129P2-Pde6b(+) Tyr(c-ch)/Ant, a sighted variant of the FVB/N mouse strain suitable for behavioral analysis.

Mice of the FVB/N strain are severely visual impaired as a result of tyrosinase gene defects, leading to a deficiency of the key enzyme for melanin synthesis in skin and eye and of cyclic guanosine monophosphate phosphodiesterase gene defects, which results in albinism (Tyr(c/c)) and retinal degeneration (Pde6b(rd1/rd1)), respectively. Nevertheless, FVB/N mice are commonly used for the generation of transgenic animals because of their large, strong pronuclei and high breeding performance. However, due to visual impairment of the FVB/N animals, the resulting transgenic animals cannot be used in tests that depend on vision, including tests of cognitive behavior. Therefore, we have bred a sighted version of the FVB/N strain by an outcross between FVB/N and 129P2/OlaHsd, followed by repeated backcrosses to FVB/N mice while selecting against albinism and homozygosity of the retinal degeneration mutation. After 11 generations of backcrossing, sighted animals were intercrossed to generate the congenic FVB.129P2-Pde6b(+) Tyr(c-ch)/Ant strain, which is pigmented (Tyr(c-ch)/(c-ch)) and devoid of the genetic predisposition to retinal degeneration. The accurate visual abilities of the FVB.129P2-Pde6b(+) Tyr(c-ch)/Ant mice, for which we propose the name FVBS/Ant, demonstrated a clear visual evoked potential in the presence of normal eye histology and improved performance in the Morris water maze test.

Albinism↗
PubMed2006

Analysis of heavy metals in the endometrial tissue using electron microscope.

OBJECTIVE: This study was done to estimate whether heavy metals in the air may affect endometrial chemical composition. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 30 albino Wistar rats were employed and randomly divided into three groups. The rats of Group 1 and 2 were acutely and sub-chronically exposed to the gas form of heavy metals, respectively. Group 3 was used as a control group. Endometrial tissue worth of heavy metals of the groups was measured in through using scanning electron microscope. RESULTS: A statistically no significant difference was found for endometrial chemical composition of all of the heavy metals (chrome, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, zinc and lead) between group 1 and 2 (p>0.05). On the other hand, there was statistically significant difference for all of the heavy metals between group 1 and group 3 (p<0.05), while there was statistically significant difference for chrome, manganese, iron, cobalt and nickel (p<0.05), but zinc and lead (p>0.05) between group 2 and 3. CONCLUSION: Air pollutants of Pb and Zn resulting mostly from combustion of fossil fuels and certain special industrial process in Kirikkale may be a risk factor for the high pregnancy loses by changing endometrial homeostasis.

Albinism↗
PubMed2006

Melanocytes: the new Black.

Melanocytes, pigment-producing cells residing primarily in the hair follicle, epidermis and eye, are responsible for skin hair and eye pigmentation. Pigmentation is achieved by the highly regulated manufacture of the pigment melanin in specialised organelles, melanosomes that are transported along dendritic processes before being transferred to growing hair, or keratinocytes where melanin protects from UV-induced DNA damage. Because loss of melanocytes gives a clear pigmentation phenotype yet is non-lethal, over 130 genes implicated in the development or function of this cell type have been identified to date, and in humans the loss of melanocytes or their ability to produce pigment, or transport or transfer melanosomes is associated with several diseases such as vitiligo, albinism and Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome. Importantly, the effective combination of genetics, cell and molecular biology possible with this cell type is attracting an increasing number of researchers focussed on understanding how cells coordinate survival, proliferation, differentiation and stem cell maintenance.

Albinism↗