PubMed · 11907975
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J Foray. 2001. [Frostbite].. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11907975/
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Early diagnosis of the depth of extremity frostbite is of little effect without additional means of examination (from 39.9% to 43.6% of correct findings at the pre- and intrahospital stages of medical care). It can be improved (up to 61.5% of verified answers) when using the method of calculation of cold loading. The combination of distant infrared thermography (DIRT) and contact thermometry allows to make the verification as great as 78.3%. If the task of the diagnosis is only to determine the form of frostbite (superficial or profound), using the temperature criteria (by the data of contact thermometry) and thermographic algorithms (on the basis of the data of DIRT) is shown to improve diagnosis up to 88.4%-92.4% of correct answers on the hands and up to 82.5%-86.8% on the feet.
In modern war 1-2% in the structure of fighting surgical pathology constitute the frostbites. In cold time of year their frequency increases up to 10%. Late admission of the injured to the stages of medical evacuation, their different and often limited diagnostic and therapeutic potentials influence on the outcomes of frostbites' treatment. The role of rational operative treatment with the use of surgical dermato-plastic methods rises. The analysis of periods, outcomes of treatment, restoration of working capacity and fitness for military service after the frostbites of different degrees and levels of injury permits to propose the military-and-medical classification of this trauma type. Slight, moderate and severe frostbites were selected. The places of final treatment of the injured with reference to the classical scheme of treatment- and evacuation support under conditions of the local armed conflict were determined.
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