PubMed · 11630473
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S Schwann. 1976. [Not Available].. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11630473/
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Successful immunization programmes have reduced the burden of a number of infectious diseases on a global scale. Yet, as the fear of sequelae of vaccine-preventable diseases diminishes in the public, the focus of interest has shifted towards true and alleged "side effects". Maintaining confidence in the necessity, tolerability and safety of immunizations is of paramount importance today. This requires, amongst other prerequisites, precise definitions of "adverse events following immunization". In Europe, a collaborative effort named EUSAFEVAC in concert with the globally active "Brighton Collaboration" has been initiated. Volunteers from academic institutions, vaccine licensing authorities, public health institutes, governmental organizations, safety units within the vaccine manufacturing industry as well as practising physicians are working together to achieve this goal.
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The sun protection factor (SPF) of sunscreens is determined by a testing protocol that specifies a sunscreen application rate of 2 mg/cm(2) on the skin. Most people, for cosmetic and economic reasons, only apply enough sunscreen to achieve an SPF of about a third or even a quarter of the level stated on the product. To increase public awareness of the problem, manufacturers could be required to state both a "tested SPF" and an "expected SPF" (a third of the tested SPF) on product labelling. The "SunSmart" message could be modified to make the public more aware of the actual protection level they are achieving with sunscreen. Other aspects of the SunSmart message (eg, sun avoidance, wearing protective clothing) should also be reinforced.