PubMed · 1134715
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R S Wilson. 1975. Retinal drawing chart.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1134715/
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BACKGROUND: Age-related macular degeneration (ARMD) is one of the leading causes of severe visual impairment among older Americans. Several hypotheses have been proposed regarding the pathogenesis of ARMD. The possible association of cigarette smoking and ARMD remains controversial. METHODS: Studies concerning the relationship between cigarette smoking and ARMD are identified through the use of Vision Articles Online and PubMed. Articles published since 1970 are reviewed. RESULTS: The literature reviewed strongly supports a link between smoking and ARMD. CONCLUSIONS: The identification of smoking as a risk factor can lead to early intervention. Such intervention may lessen visual loss from this disease, which has limited medical treatment options.
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The Hadju-Cheney syndrome is one of the idiopathic acroosteolyses. Associated neurologic abnormalities are often a result of progressive basilar invagination. A 48-year-old man with the Hadju-Cheney syndrome developed progressive bilateral visual loss. On examination, he had hyperopia, choroidal folds, optic nerve head swelling, and mild optic neuropathy. Computed tomographic scans showed massive enlargement of both intraorbital optic nerve sheaths. Improvement occurred after optic nerve sheath fenestration. Visual loss due to optic nerve meningocele can occur in the Hadju-Cheney syndrome. Optic nerve sheath fenestration can result in visual improvement. It is unclear whether the occurrence of optic nerve meningocele is causally or fortuitously related to the Hadju-Cheney syndrome.