PubMed · 10832208
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A Ahmadizadeh. 2000. Explaining ciliary function to patients.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10832208/
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OBJECTIVE: To describe structural abnormalities of the respiratory cilia in newborn infants whose mothers consumed heroin during pregnancy. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The medical records of 295 newborn infants whose mothers consumed heroin either throughout or at some time during pregnancy and who were cared for in Hospital del Mar in Barcelona (Spain) between January 1982 and December 1997 were reviewed. Seven infants with neonatal respiratory distress after the withdrawal syndrome period were selected. Diagnoses were established by electron microscopy of nasal mucosa samples. RESULTS: All seven newborns with prolonged neonatal respiratory distress had ultrastructural abnormalities of the ciliary axoneme similar to those of primary ciliary dyskinesia or immotile cilia syndrome. The incidence of this alteration in this series was higher than that in the general population. CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest a possible association between ultrastructural abnormalities of the ciliary axoneme and prolonged neonatal respiratory distress in the infants of heroin-consuming mothers.
UNLABELLED: Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a clinically heterogeneous disease. In most cases, its clinical manifestation in children is rather unspecific: chronic infectious rhinnosinusitis, recurrent acute infections of the upper and lower airways and chronic otitis media with effusion. Between 1990 and 1998 ten patients were diagnosed as PCD. Nine presented a neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS) of unknown cause. Six of these patients were newborns treated in the intensive care unit, one of them needed mechanical ventilation. The few cases already described in the literature and the experience with our patients support the possible association of NRDS with PCD. CONCLUSION: Neonatal respiratory distress syndrome of unknown cause should be added to the list of clinical presentation of primary ciliary dyskinesia, and if further signs and symptoms are indicative of primary ciliary dyskinesia, investigations to explore this disorder are warranted.
Cystic fibrosis and the various conditions associated with ciliary dysmotility are well known to the otolaryngologist. Although the underlying pathophysiology and clinical courses of these diseases are quite different, they both involve chronic and acute infection in the paranasal sinuses. Some patients may suffer from persistent ear disease beyond early childhood. A high index of suspicion and early diagnosis are key to managing these conditions. The otolaryngologist often is the first to suspect and confirm the diagnosis and may have an important role in the overall management of these patients.