PubMed · 10748537
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A Persidis. 2000. Progress against AIDS.. https://doi.org/10.1038/74566
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Treatments for persons who are infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or who have developed AIDS have advanced to the point where death is no longer the inevitable outcome of diagnosis. Combination antiretroviral therapy has made HIV infection less of a terminal condition and more of a medically manageable chronic disease. Thus, efforts to improve the health status and quality of life of HIV-infected persons have become one of the highest treatment priorities for the next decade. Cigarette smoking is highly prevalent among HIV-infected persons, and quitting smoking would greatly improve the health status of these individuals. However, to date, no studies have evaluated the efficacy of a smoking-cessation intervention specifically tailored to this population. This article reviews the evidence and rationale for advancing smoking-cessation treatments specifically tailored to the needs of HIV-infected persons and provides recommendations for future treatment studies.
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Host genetic factors, such as HLA alleles, are important in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and its progression to AIDS. HLA class I gene products are involved in peptide presentation, and each allele is responsible for presenting a different set of peptides to cytotoxic T lymphocytes. The increase or decrease in the frequency of certain alleles in HIV-1-positive versus control subjects would suggest that alleles play a role in susceptibility to or protection against this viral infection. In the present study, 56 HIV-1-positive patients in Chaco Province, Argentina, were typed for the HLA-A and HLA-B loci, using polymerase chain reaction and sequence-specific oligonucleotide probes. The frequency of alleles A*24, B*18, and B*39 was increased in HIV-1-positive subjects, suggesting that these alleles play a role in susceptibility to HIV-1 infection. Alleles B*44 and B*55 were not found in HIV-1-positive subjects, suggesting that they have a protective effect against the disease. The P values of the alleles B*39 and B*44 were statistically significant (P<.05).