PubMed · 10315419
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K Winslow. 1982. Programming--the cost-saving shift to video.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10315419/
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This study aimed at determining whether audiovisual training without linguistic material has a remediating effect on reading skills and central auditory processing in dyslexic children. It was found that this training resulted in plastic changes in the auditory cortex, indexed by enhanced electrophysiological mismatch negativity and faster reaction times to sound changes. Importantly, these changes were accompanied by improvement in reading skills. The results indicate that reading difficulties can be ameliorated by special training programs and, further, that the training effects can be observed in brain activity. Moreover, the fact that the present training effects were obtained by using a program including no linguistic material indicates that dyslexia is at least partly based on a general auditory perceptual deficit.
BACKGROUND: While sedation is necessary for much pediatric imaging, there are new alternatives that may help patients hold still without medication. OBJECTIVE: We examined the effect of an audio/visual system consisting of video goggles and earphones on the need for sedation during magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). MATERIALS AND METHODS: All MRI examinations from May 1999 to October 1999 performed after installation of the MRVision 2000 (Resonance Technology, Inc.) were compared to the same 6-month period in 1998. Imaging and sedation protocols remained constant. Data collected included: patient age, type of examination, use of intravenous contrast enhancement, and need for sedation. The average supply charge and nursing cost per sedated patient were calculated. RESULTS: The 955 patients from 1998 and 1,112 patients from 1999 were similar in demographics and examination distribution. There was an overall reduction in the percent of patients requiring sedation in the group using the video goggle system from 49 to 40% (P < 0.001). There was no significant change for 0-2 years (P = 0.805), but there was a reduction from 53 to 40% for age 3-10 years (P < 0.001) and 16 to 8% for those older than 10 years (P < 0.001). There was a 17% decrease in MRI room time for those patients whose examinations could be performed without sedation. Sedation costs per patient were $80 for nursing and $29 for supplies. CONCLUSION: The use of this video system reduced the number of children requiring sedation for MRI examination by 18%. In addition to reducing patient risk, this can potentially reduce cost.
There is a variety of pressures on pharmacology teachers to replace real laboratory practicals with simulations but do they help students achieve the required learning objectives? In this article, the marks obtained by students in a variety of assessments using 'wet' or simulated practicals are analysed. Poorer performance in practical write-ups by students doing 'wet' practicals compared with those doing simulations can be explained by the quality of the data that the students obtain. In examinations, students perform equally well except with questions that are related to the experimental details of 'wet' practicals; students taught using such 'wet' practicals perform better in response to these questions.