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1998. Using ID badges to replace keys, control scrub usage.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10179983/

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Research training in six selected internal medicine fellowship programs.

BACKGROUND: Effective July 1997, the American Board of Internal Medicine (ABIM) established a research pathway to certification to encourage research training of general internists and subspecialists. OBJECTIVE: To document the current status of research training in six selected subspecialty programs, to examine opportunities available for trainees to undertake formal course work, and to report the percentage of subspecialty programs that might accept research pathway fellows. DESIGN: National Study of Graduate Education in Internal Medicine questionnaires from 1996-1997 and 1997-1998. SETTING: Programs in internal medicine subspecialties accredited by the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education. PARTICIPANTS: 1163 (84%) and 1094 (79%) directors of internal medicine subspecialty programs in 1996-1997 and 1997-1998, respectively. MEASUREMENTS: Survey questions on the amount of time fellows usually spend conducting research and available opportunities to pursue course work leading to an advanced degree. RESULTS: On average, during their last year of training, fellows enrolled in infectious disease, nephrology, endocrinology, and rheumatology programs spent 40% to 50% of their time conducting research, whereas fellows in gastroenterology and cardiology spent 25% to 30% of their time conducting research. Compared with programs sponsored by major teaching hospitals, a greater percentage of programs sponsored by academic medical center hospitals planned to accept persons interested in pursuing the new ABIM Research Pathway (28% vs. 8%) and to provide opportunities for fellows to obtain an advanced degree (60% vs. 14%). CONCLUSIONS: Few internal medicine subspecialty programs are currently designed to provide adequate research training as defined by the Institute of Medicine and the ABIM.

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[Tropical diseases and imported disorders in 1763 patients seen at the Outpatient Clinic for Tropical Diseases, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam (1996-1997)].

OBJECTIVE: To describe an analysis of the patients seen at the Outpatient Department (OPD) for Tropical Diseases in the Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, during 1996 and 1997. DESIGN: Descriptive cross-sectional study. METHOD: From our database of OPD-patients the following data were analysed: age, country of birth, travel destination and most frequent complaints at presentation. These were further analysed in relation to travel destination, diagnosis and need of admission. RESULTS: In 1996 and 1997 1763 patients visited the OPD. Abdominal complaints, fever, general malaise and skin diseases were the main problems. Abdominal complaints were more often acquired in Asia, fever in sub-Saharan Africa and skin problems in South America. General malaise was not related to a specific travel destination. Abdominal complaints, fever and general malaise were more often caused by parasites, and skin problems by bacteria. Plasmodia were the most frequently encountered microbial cause. Malaria was found in 1 out of every 3 Dutch, and 9 out of every 10 Ghanaian patients with fever from Africa. CONCLUSION: The analysis of the database yielded useful information regarding patients with import diseases in the Netherlands and with respect to travellers to tropical areas.

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