PubMed · 10144802
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S Wildemuth. 1995. Starting over again.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10144802/
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The objective of this study was to present a classification of the root development stage of female rat molar teeth and to evaluate the variation in the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity and electrophoretic isoenzyme profile according to the stage of root development of the molar teeth. We also studied the LDH activity and isoenzymes of the pulp of incisor teeth. The stage of development of the rat first molar at the age of 15 days and that of the second molar at the age of 18 days was classified as the beginning of root formation. At the age of 15 days, the electrophoretic profile of the isoenzymes for the first molar showed a prevalence of LDH-1 followed by LDH-2. However, for the maxillary second molar there was a prevalence of LDH-4 followed by LDH-1, while for the mandibular second molar LDH-1 predominated followed by LDH-2 and LDH-4. From 18 days of age, the prevalence was always of LDH-1. The electrophoretic profile of LDH isoenzymes from the pulp of the incisor teeth at the ages studied (25 and 60 days) showed the following order of prevalence: LDH-1 > LDH-2 > LDH-3 > LDH-4 > LDH-5. These results suggest that there are variations in the prevalence of the various forms of LDH isoenzymes in the dental pulp of rats according to the developmental stage of the root.
Cataract prevalence increases with age. As the world's population ages, cataract-induced visual dysfunction and blindness is on the increase. This is a significant global problem. The challenges are to prevent or delay cataract formation, and treat that which does occur. Genetic and environmental factors contribute to cataract formation. However, reducing ocular exposure to UV-B radiation and stopping smoking are the only interventions that can reduce factors that affect the risk of cataract. The cure for cataract is surgery, but this is not equally available to all, and the surgery which is available does not produce equal outcomes. Readily available surgical services capable of delivering good vision rehabilitation must be acceptable and accessible to all in need, no matter what their circumstances. To establish and sustain these services requires comprehensive strategies that go beyond a narrow focus on surgical technique. There must be changes in government priorities, population education, and an integrated approach to surgical and management training. This approach must include supply of start-up capital equipment, establishment of surgical audit, resupply of consumables, and cost-recovery mechanisms. Considerable innovation is required. Nowhere is this more evident than in the pursuit of secure funding for ongoing services.
BACKGROUND: The anatomical origin of the enlargement of the cerebral ventricles in schizophrenia is obscure. METHODS: In this study, the volumes of the hemispheres and lateral ventricles were assessed in MRI scans of 43 formalin-fixed brains (23 from patients and 19 comparison subjects) using a spline 'snake' segmentation method. RESULTS: A bilateral ventricular volume increase was found in schizophrenia. Whereas enlargement of the lateral ventricle (mean: 54%) as a whole was related to age of onset and was greater in females than in males, enlargement of the temporal horn (mean: 54%) was not strongly related to age of onset or sex. Lateral ventricle volume was negatively correlated with STG, fusiform and parahippocampal volume in schizophrenia. Hemispheric volumes were unchanged. CONCLUSIONS: The differing correlates of the components of ventricular enlargement suggest a degree of selectivity of the disease process with a focus in the temporal lobe.