PubMed · 10122110
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L Rossman. 1992. Protecting yourself.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10122110/
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BACKGROUND: Recruitment of general practitioners to Northern Norway has failed during the last few years, especially in municipalities with a population of less than 4,000, though some small municipalities have maintained a stable medical service. What are the differences between municipalities with stable and unstable services? MATERIAL AND METHODS: A questionnaire was mailed to the medical officers of the 89 municipalities in Northern Norway, with questions on the structure and organisation of the medical service, and factors influencing doctors' professional life and quality of life in general. RESULTS: Answers from 62 municipalities were included. Municipalities with unstable services had longer distances to the nearest hospital, and doctors in these municipalities reported heavier work-load and professional isolation. INTERPRETATION: A combination of factors concerning the structure and organisation of the primary health care seem to cause the increased difficulties in the unstable communities, hence they should have a potential for improvement.
Marine macroalgae species from the polar regions were investigated for their importance as natural sources of volatile halogenated compounds released into the biosphere. Several different halogenated C1 to C4 hydrocarbons were identified and their release rates determined. The compounds contained mainly bromine and iodine, and form was the dominant compound released. Although an annual atmospheric input of approximately 10(8)-10(10) g bromine and 10(7)-10(8) g iodine was calculated from the release rates, marine macroalgae are apparently not the major source on a global scale, as the release is up to four orders of magnitude lower than a presumed annual flow from the oceans. Despite this, macroalgae may be more important on a local scale due to their occurrence at a high biomass in the coastal regions. The present paper gives an overview about studies done on the release of volatile halocarbons by macroalgae from polar regions. Furthermore, the function of these compounds in the macroalgal metabolism is discussed.
The authors present criteria of cold stress and their relationships with thermoregulatory strain, ability to work and some health state parameters. Findings are unfavorable influence of human cooling and adaptation to cold on vibration disease development. The article covers requirements to heat-proof properties of clothing set, to duration of exposure to cold in various climate areas of Russian Federation.