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Journal Article; Systematic Review; Review

Journal Article; Systematic Review; Review: explore 184 source-linked works published from 2024 to 2026, with original documents and citations.

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Includes records with this source-supplied label or an explicit phrase match in their metadata. Matches indicate a mention, not proof that a paper uses a method or tests a material. Source versions are consolidated by DOI.

Sources: pubmed. Collection updated 2026-09-15. Counts describe this index, not the complete source archives.

PubMed2026

Measuring economic efficiency in adult intensive care units: A systematic review of methods, metrics, and evidence.

OBJECTIVES: Intensive care units (ICUs) consume substantial hospital resources, yet "efficiency" is inconsistently defined and measured. This study systematically reviewed how economic efficiency has been conceptualised and quantified in adult ICUs and appraised the quality of evidence. METHODS: Following PRISMA 2020 and a PROSPERO-registered protocol (CRD420251107866), we searched MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, Cochrane Library and Web of Science (2000-August 2025), plus global grey sources. Eligible studies explicitly defined efficiency and reported an efficiency metric/model linking ICU inputs (e.g., staff, beds/capacity, time, consumables, or costs) to outputs/outcomes (e.g., throughput/discharges, length of stay/resource use, risk-adjusted mortality). Dual independent screening and extraction were performed. Study quality was appraised using MMAT, and findings were synthesised narratively (SWiM), given heterogeneity. RESULTS: 39 studies (2001-2025) from 17 countries were included, all from high-income or upper-middle-income settings. Four methodological families were identified: (1) frontier modelling (predominantly DEA; occasional SFA/RFDH), (2) benchmarking indicators (risk-adjusted mortality and LOS/resource-use ratios; "efficiency matrix" quadrant classification), (3) cost-outcome evaluations, and (4) operational/process metrics. Across families, variation in decision-making units, input/output selection, and risk adjustment limited comparability; long-term and patient-reported outcomes were absent, and equity considerations were uncommon. CONCLUSIONS: ICU efficiency research is feasible but fragmented and often methodologically limited. Standardised definitions, validated risk adjustment, uncertainty quantification, and inclusion of patient-centred and equity-relevant outcomes are needed before efficiency metrics can reliably inform value-based decision making.

Intensive Care Units↗
PubMed2026

Female genital mutilation knowledge, attitudes and training needs among health professionals in non-practicing countries: A literature review.

BACKGROUND: With increasing globalization and migration, the number of women affected by female genital mutilation who reside in countries where the practice is not traditionally performed is constantly increasing. Healthcare providers in these settings are required to address the complex health needs of this vulnerable population. We aimed to synthesize recent literature on their knowledge, preparedness, and educational background. METHODS: We conducted a systematic review across PubMed, Scopus and Embase, identifying papers published from January 2015 onwards, examining providers' knowledge, education and attitudes toward female genital mutilation in non-practicing countries. Both quantitative and qualitative observational studies were eligible. Given heterogeneity in study populations, outcome definitions, and assessment tools, findings were synthesized narratively. The review protocol was registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (CRD420251044761). FINDINGS: 1046 records were screened by title and abstract, and 140 full-text articles were assessed for eligibility. 31 studies met the inclusion criteria (23 quantitative, 8 qualitative). Many providers reported clinical experience with women affected by female genital mutilation, yet substantial variability was observed in knowledge, training, and attitudes. Gaps were particularly evident regarding legislation, World Health Organization classification, clinical guidelines, referral pathways, workplace protocols. Midwives and younger professionals tended to demonstrate higher knowledge levels. Training exposure ranged from 5% to 91%, and many participants perceived it as insufficient. Qualitative findings echoed these patterns, highlighting challenges in female genital mutilation classification, legal awareness, documentation systems, the impact of providers' cultural beliefs on care delivery. CONCLUSION: Considerable efforts are needed to equip healthcare providers to deliver high-quality, culturally competent care to women affected by female genital mutilation. Research should develop validated tools to assess preparedness, adopt mixed-methods strategies to capture patient and provider perspectives, and guide standardized, up-to-date training programs, strengthening knowledge in managing female genital mutilation.

Humans↗
PubMed2026

Exploring the perceptions, experiences, and behaviours that nurses and midwives face in relation to sleep: A systematic review of qualitative evidence.

BACKGROUND: The importance of sleep for nurses and midwives is increasingly being recognised. Poor sleep is known to have negative impacts on physical health, mental wellbeing, and work performance. This has prompted efforts to promote and support staff sleep. However, further efforts are needed to understand how nurses and midwives consider and manage sleep to ensure that meaningful and effective interventions are adopted and sustained. AIMS: This review of qualitative evidence aims to examine nurses' and midwives' perceptions, experiences, and behaviours around sleep. METHODS: This review followed JBI's systematic meta-aggregative approach including development of an a priori protocol. A systematic search of six electronic databases (MEDLINE, Embase, Emcare, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and Scopus) was undertaken to identify qualitative studies that examine nurses' and midwives' perceptions, experiences, and behaviours related to sleep. The search was conducted on the 10th of October 2024. Study selection, quality appraisal, data extraction, and synthesis followed JBI approaches and the ConQual approach was used to report assessment of synthesised findings. RESULTS: Thirty-three studies were included for review, and 245 findings were aggregated into 24 categories and nine synthesised findings related to the perceptions, behaviours, and experiences. While sleep was perceived as important, poor sleep was often understood as an expected and inevitable part of the job and that there was a need to always be awake to provide continual care. Experiences influencing sleep related to personal circumstances and work-related factors, as well as professional training and institutional practices. A range of behaviours, including planning time to sleep, using sleep aids, modifying the sleep environment, and altering daytime behaviours were also described. CONCLUSION: This review identified a range of perceptions, behaviours, and experiences that may influence the sleep of nurses and midwives which are vital to supporting individual and workforce wellbeing and safe, effective clinical practice. Insights from this review can be used to better understand nurses' and midwives' relationship with sleep and to develop and enhance targeted sleep interventions and programs that aim to promote and support healthy sleep among nurses and midwives. Open Science Framework Registration: 10.17605/OSF.IO/F32UM.

Humans↗
PubMed2026

Forensic taphonomy in fluvial water: A systematic review.

Human remains are frequently recovered from fluvial (lotic) water environments. Rivers, streams, canals and other flowing water bodies pose distinct challenges in forensic practice, particularly due to their current. Compared to other aquatic contexts, fluviatile taphonomy is underrepresented in the forensic literature and the last comprehensive summary was written over a decade ago. Therefore, a systematic review was performed to collect and summarise the current knowledge in forensics about fluvial taphonomy, including decomposition of remains, transport characteristics, search, postmortem submersion interval (PMSI) estimation, taphonomic alterations, and differences to other water bodies. 92 reports met the inclusion criteria for this review, most of them showed a moderate risk of bias. Their main findings were summarised and two major challenges identified. First, predictions about fluvial transport of human bodies pose a tremendous issue in forensic practice, leading to later detection and lower recovery rate of remains, complicating various subsequent analyses. Second, PMSI estimations are difficult particularly due to variable environmental conditions in fluviatile systems. Recommendations for future research in the area of fluvial forensic taphonomy include that case-related data such as the detailed decomposition state and river characteristics need to be made available. More standardised research protocols are required for a facilitated comparison between studies, environments and regions. This review provides forensic practitioners with a comprehensive, updated resource for the investigation of fluvial remains. It also guides future research towards a more efficient practice to build the basis for a broader, more robust and comprehensive synthesis, subsequently supporting analyses in forensic casework.

Humans↗
PubMed2026

Urban Design Quality and Clinical Mental Health: A Systematic Review.

ObjectivesThis systematic review synthesizes empirical evidence on core urban design dimensions that affect clinical mental health outcomes and examines how environmental exposures mediate or moderate these relationships.BackgroundUrban design has increasingly been recognized as a determinant of psychological well-being, yet a standardized framework to evaluate its mental health impact remains underdeveloped.MethodsFollowing PRISMA 2020 guidelines, we systematically reviewed 19 quantitative empirical studies published through January 2025, examining relationships between outdoor urban design features and validated clinical mental health indicators across four major databases.ResultsFindings reveal that urban design influences clinical mental health outcomes (depression, anxiety, stress, cognitive decline) through two objective spatial scales: street-level features (imageability, enclosure, human scale, complexity) and neighborhood environments (land use mix, density, green infrastructure). Environmental exposures (traffic, noise, air pollution) operate as perceptual and experiential mechanisms that mediate or moderate the mental health effects of these spatial design features.ConclusionsWe propose an integrated three-domain conceptual framework distinguishing objective spatial design scales from subjective exposure mechanisms. This framework provides evidence-based guidance for urban planners and policymakers toward creating mentally healthier urban environments.

Humans↗
PubMed2026

Barefoot ambulation following partial foot amputation: A systematic review of biomechanical outcomes.

BACKGROUND: Partial foot amputation (PFA) is increasingly performed due to rising prevalence of diabetes and peripheral vascular disease. While PFA may preserve gait and reduce energy expenditure compared with transtibial amputation, biomechanical deficits are common. This review aimed to evaluate biomechanical outcomes during baref following PFA. METHODS: A systematic review was conducted. MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, SCOPUS and Web of Science databases were searched for studies reporting biomechanical outcomes in adults with PFA without prosthesis. Eligible outcomes included spatiotemporal metrics, joint kinematics and kinetics, plantar pressures, and ground reaction forces. FINDINGS: Twelve studies including a total of 101 participants met inclusion criteria. Across studies, PFA was associated with impaired barefoot gait. This included spatiotemporal changes, such as reduced walking speed and shorter step length, and kinetic changes, such as reduced ankle power. Elevated plantar pressures were commonly reported, particularly in the forefoot and midfoot, highlighting loading abnormalities in the residuum. Several studies also described proximal compensatory strategies at the knee and hip, suggesting that biomechanical consequences extend beyond the foot and ankle. However, the evidence base was limited by small sample sizes, inconsistent protocols, and substantial heterogeneity. INTERPRETATION: Barefoot walking is impaired after partial foot amputation and the degree of dysfunction may vary by amputation level. Abnormal loading and compensatory changes may extend beyond the foot and ankle to the knee and hip. Given the limited and methodologically heterogeneous evidence, larger prospective studies with standardised biomechanical outcomes are needed to clarify the effects of amputation level and aetiology. This standardisation is important to inform surgical planning, rehabilitation, and prosthetic device design.

Humans↗
PubMed2026

The influence of organizational culture on medication safety practices and associated risk factors in the community setting: A systematic review.

BACKGROUND: Increasing attention has been given to the role of organizational culture in influencing medication safety practices across healthcare settings. The lack of widely accepted standardized instrumentation makes operational measurement of organizational culture and medication safety challenging. The purpose of this systematic review was to examine the impact of organizational culture on medication safety within community healthcare settings. METHODS: MEDLINE, CINAHL, Scopus, and Nursing & Allied Health were searched in August 2025 using keywords, subject terms, field codes, and Boolean operators to identify papers relevant to the review question; bibliographies of included studies were also reviewed. Screening and full-text review were completed independently by two reviewers with a third to adjudicate conflicts. The Critical Appraisal Skills Programme was used for quality assessment. The PRISMA statement guided the development and implementation of the review. RESULTS: Thirteen articles were included representing various community settings. Most studies reported on untoward medication events, but few measured systematically collected safety data before and after an intervention. Organizational culture was seldom defined or operationalized. Most studies were methodologically sound, but the overall level of evidence was weak to moderate. CONCLUSION: Organizational culture influences medication safety through aspects such as communication channels, teamwork, training, and an environment that allows error and near-miss reporting. Few studies explicitly evaluate the causal impact of culture interventions on measurable medication safety outcomes in community healthcare settings. Further research should incorporate standardized measurement tools and intervention-based, pre-post designs to better understand how organizational culture influences medication safety in community healthcare settings.

Organizational Culture↗
PubMed2026

Infertility treatment in women with epilepsy: A systematic review.

BACKGROUND: The impact of assisted reproductive technologies (ART) on seizure control in women with epilepsy remains incompletely understood. METHODS: A systematic review was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines. EMBASE, MEDLINE, CINAHL, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library were searched from inception to March 2025. Eligible studies included observational studies and case-based reports involving women undergoing infertility treatment. RESULTS: A total of 1216 publications were identified, of which four studies met the inclusion criteria, including case reports, a case series, and a cohort study. These studies included 16 women aged 25-46 years undergoing infertility treatment, all but one of whom had epilepsy. Interventions involved in vitro fertilization (IVF), ovulation induction, and hormonal therapies. Patients were treated with a range of antiseizure medications (ASMs), including carbamazepine, clobazam, lamotrigine, levetiracetam, oxcarbazepine, valproate, and zonisamide, either as monotherapy or in combination. Seizure frequency was generally stable, with most patients maintaining baseline seizure control. Seizure exacerbations were uncommon and primarily associated with hormonal therapy and reduced ASM levels, particularly reduced lamotrigine levels. Reported events included breakthrough seizures in the setting of decreased lamotrigine concentrations, seizure clusters associated with follitropin beta, and a new-onset seizure following dehydroepiandrosterone exposure. Across studies, multiple ART attempts resulted in live births with different ASM regimens, as well as in patients not receiving ASMs. CONCLUSION: Available evidence suggests that ART is feasible in women with epilepsy, with most patients maintaining stable seizure control. Hormonal therapy may affect ASM pharmacokinetics and seizure threshold, thereby warranting close monitoring. Larger prospective studies are needed to better define ASM-specific effects and optimize care.

Humans↗
PubMed2026

Beyond multidimensionality: a systematic review of recurrent frailty archetypes in community-dwelling older adults.

BACKGROUND: Frailty is a clinically heterogeneous geriatric syndrome commonly summarised using physical or multidomain severity scores. Whether person-centred analyses identify recurring within-frailty configurations has not been systematically examined in community-dwelling older adults. METHODS: We searched PubMed, Embase, MEDLINE, and CINAHL (January 2000-November 2025) for cross-sectional studies using latent class, latent profile, or analogous clustering methods to derive frailty subgroups. Quality was assessed using the AHRQ checklist and a purpose-built appraisal of person-centred model reporting. Study-derived classes were mapped in duplicate to a structured archetype framework developed through comparison of class-defining features across studies. RESULTS: Fourteen reports representing 12 independent datasets from eight countries were included. Six configurations were identified: minimally impaired reference, mobility-physical, nutritional-metabolic, cognitive-predominant, combined cognitive-physical, and psychosocial/mood-predominant. Convergence was measurement-dependent. The reference and mobility-physical configurations recurred across physical-only and multidomain indicator sets, while the combined cognitive-physical configuration appeared across several multidomain frameworks but required cognition to be measured. The remaining configurations emerged only when their defining domains were included. Evidence of prognostic value beyond aggregate frailty severity came from one deficit-index study. Collapsing shared-provenance reports and excluding the boundary-eligible study did not alter recurrence; excluding the Croatian dataset left five configurations recurrent, with the cognitive-predominant configuration supported by one independent dataset. CONCLUSIONS: Person-centred analyses identify recurring within-frailty configurations, but their apparent stability is partly measurement-dependent. A five-configuration core persisted after exclusion of the Croatian dataset, whereas the cognitive-predominant configuration remained weakly replicated. Harmonised indicators and rigorous external validation are needed before clinical application.

Humans↗
PubMed2026

Associations between smart infusion pump-electronic health record interoperability and healthcare outcomes: A systematic review.

OBJECTIVE: This study synthesized available evidence on the associations between smart infusion pump-electronic health record (EHR) interoperability and healthcare outcomes. METHODS: A systematic review of PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, and Scopus databases identified 901 records, which were imported into Rayyan® for duplicate removal, independent screening by three reviewers, and resolution of discrepancies. Eligible studies were peer-reviewed, data-driven, and reported associations between smart infusion pump-EHR interoperability and healthcare outcomes. Studies focused solely on technical validation or interoperability prototypes were excluded. A backward citation search identified additional studies. Two reviewers independently extracted and cross-validated study characteristics using standardized templates. Methodological quality was assessed with the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Tools. RESULTS: Twenty records of 14 full-text studies and 6 conference proceedings were included. Most records reported positive associations between smart infusion pump-EHR interoperability and outcomes related to safety (e.g., medication administration errors, safety-reported events, pump alerts, and compliance with interoperability and drug library), operational efficiency (e.g., programming and documentation time and technical issues), financial performance (e.g., charges captured, and cost avoided), and user experience domains. Most studies used observational designs, reflecting real-world interoperability implementations, where controlling confounding factors is challenging. Limited reporting of baseline characteristics, pump type, and sample sizes limited comparability across studies. CONCLUSIONS: Smart infusion pump-EHR interoperability was associated with improvements in patient safety, efficiency, charge capture, and user experience, with variable findings across studies. Future research should use rigorous methodologies and standardized measures, examine relationships across outcome domains, assess limitations of pump-EHR interoperability, and evaluate underexplored outcomes, including team communication, cognitive workload, and AI-enabled pumps. IMPLICATIONS FOR CLINICAL PRACTICE: Interoperability should be viewed as a component of a broader sociotechnical system, in which technology, user, workflow, clinical content, and organizational practices collectively determine overall effectiveness.

Humans↗
PubMed2026

Applications of quantum AI in brain disorder diagnosis: A systematic review.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Brain disorder diagnosis and prediction remain challenging because neuroimaging, electrophysiological, behavioral, and multimodal data are high-dimensional, noisy, heterogeneous, and limited by small clinical cohorts. This systematic review synthesised applications of quantum artificial intelligence (QAI) for brain disorder diagnosis, prediction, detection, and monitoring. METHODS: Following PRISMA guidelines, studies published from 2016 to 13 January 2026 were retrieved from Scopus, Web of Science, and IEEE Xplore. After screening, 36 studies met the eligibility criteria and were qualitatively analysed according to disorder category, data modality, QAI method, implementation setting, validation strategy, and performance. RESULTS: At the broader disease-group level, neurodegenerative disorders were the most frequently investigated, followed by mental health and psychiatric disorders. At the individual level, Parkinson's disease and schizophrenia were the leading applications, followed by depression, anxiety, Alzheimer's disease, and stress-related tasks. MRI-based modalities were the most frequently used data source, followed by multimodal data and EEG. Methodologically, primary QAI approaches were dominated by quantum neural and QDL architectures, followed by quantum-inspired optimization or feature-selection methods and quantum-kernel/conventional QML classifiers. Qiskit/IBM Quantum and PennyLane were the most frequently reported quantum software frameworks. However, most studies relied on simulators, classical quantum-inspired implementations, or unclear implementation settings, with limited real-hardware evaluation. CONCLUSIONS: QAI shows emerging potential for brain disorder analysis, particularly through hybrid quantum-classical learning, quantum neural architectures, quantum-kernel methods, and quantum-inspired optimization. Nevertheless, current evidence remains preliminary and requires larger datasets, subject-level and external validation, fair classical benchmarking, noise-resilient circuits, real quantum hardware evaluation, explainability, and clinical validation.

Humans↗
PubMed2026

Pharmacogenomics of antipsychotic-induced weight gain: A systematic review.

BACKGROUND: Antipsychotic-induced weight gain (AIWG) is a major clinical concern, affecting approximately 30% of patients. Clinical predictors explain only part of AIWG risk. Genetic and molecular variations are hypothesized to contribute to susceptibility. The purpose of this review is to summarize recent results to identify replicated and novel findings. STUDY DESIGN: Applying PRISMA guidelines, we searched MEDLINE, Embase, and PsycINFO (May 2018-May 2026) for studies on genetic and molecular associations with AIWG, extending our prior review. Reviews, editorials, and conference abstracts were excluded. We extracted study characteristics (design, diagnosis, antipsychotic exposure, sample size, ancestry, genetic variants, and AIWG outcomes) (e.g., ≥7% weight gain, BMI change). RESULTS: Fifty-three studies met inclusion criteria. In candidate gene studies, the most consistently replicated genes associated with AIWG were observed for DRD2, HTR2C, and MC4R. Multiple novel associations were identified by genome-wide association studies (GWAS) (e.g., MAP2K1, ZDBF2, PEPD), polygenic risk scores (PRS) (e.g., body mass index PRS), gene expression (e.g., CYP3A4, EP300), and epigenetic analyses (e.g., cg12034943 at CRTC1). CONCLUSIONS: Polymorphisms in candidate genes related to neurotransmission and appetite regulation continue to be investigated for associations with AIWG, while novel findings have emerged from GWAS, gene expression, and epigenetic studies. Evidence remains inconsistent due to limited replication, methodological variability, sparse ancestry data, and geographical underrepresentation. No single genetic variant is ready for clinical use, and multi-omic and multi-ancestry models are needed to improve prediction and clinical utility.

Humans↗
PubMed2026

Implementation factors shaping British Columbia's drug decriminalization pilot: A systematic review with narrative synthesis.

BACKGROUND: In January 2023, British Columbia (BC) became the first Canadian province to implement a legally sanctioned drug decriminalization policy, removing criminal penalties for adults possessing 2.5 g or less of opioids, cocaine, methamphetamine, and MDMA. Introduced as a three-year pilot, it aimed to reframe substance use as a public health issue, reduce stigma, and improve health and social service engagement. Criminal penalties were reintroduced for drug possession in most public spaces in May 2024, and the pilot ended in January 2026. Its termination has been interpreted as policy failure; this review aimed to examine how the pilot was implemented in practice and to identify factors that shaped its operationalization and early implementation-relevant outcomes. METHODS: We conducted a systematic review with narrative synthesis of peer-reviewed literature examining implementation-relevant aspects of BC's decriminalization pilot. Six databases were searched (January-February 2026) for studies published May 31, 2022-February 1, 2026. The protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD420251271694). RESULTS: Twenty-seven studies were included. Four cross-cutting implementation barriers were identified: pilot design features, public and cross-sector communication gaps, limited frontline training, and insufficient funding and infrastructure. Design features included the 2.5 g possession threshold, misalignment with real-world drug use patterns; the three-year timeframe, which constrained system-level effects; and the May 2024 amendment, which introduced additional instability. The pilot was implemented without commensurate investment in harm reduction, treatment, or housing infrastructure, within already constrained systems. CONCLUSION: BC's decriminalization pilot suggests the effects of legal reform are shaped by implementation context. Early outcomes may reflect design features, institutional readiness, and system capacity rather than legal change alone; longer-term impacts remain uncertain. Future reforms should align legal change with coordinated implementation, operational guidance, public communication, and adequate service infrastructure.

British Columbia↗
PubMed2026

Seed-derived mucilage polysaccharides as biomaterials for in vivo tissue regeneration: A systematic review.

Chronic wounds, bone defects, and cartilage injuries represent persistent clinical challenges requiring biomaterial platforms that actively regulate inflammation, oxidative stress, angiogenesis, and extracellular matrix remodeling. Conventional synthetic dressings often provide limited biological activity in these contexts. Seed-derived mucilages - polysaccharide-rich hydrocolloids obtained from chia (Salvia hispanica), flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum), fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum), psyllium (Plantago ovata), guar (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba), quince (Cydonia oblonga) etc. - have emerged as biocompatible, biodegradable, and chemically versatile platforms for tissue engineering. This systematic review, conducted according to PRISMA 2020 guidelines, synthesized in vivo evidence on seed-derived mucilage-based biomaterials across wound healing, bone repair, cartilage regeneration, and related applications. PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science Core Collection were searched for original in vivo experimental studies published in English between 2020 and 2026. Eligible studies reported at least one measurable regenerative outcome. Data were extracted independently by two reviewers, and methodological quality was assessed using the SYRCLE Risk of Bias tool. Forty-three studies were included. Hydrogels were the dominant biomaterial format, followed by films, scaffolds, sponges, nanoparticle systems, and bilayer or Janus composites. Included systems generally improved wound closure, re-epithelialization, collagen deposition, angiogenesis, antioxidant defense, and inflammatory regulation. However, most studies used small animals with short follow-up periods, and many incorporated nanoparticles or bioactive agents, limiting attribution of efficacy to the mucilage matrix alone. Risk of bias was predominantly unclear due to insufficient reporting of randomization and blinding. Blank mucilage controls, standardized characterization, long-term biosafety data, and clinically relevant models are essential prerequisites for translational progress.

Humans↗
PubMed2026

Transverse Tibial Transport for Limb Salvage in Ischemic Lower Extremity Disease: Technique, Mechanisms, and Clinical Outcomes-A Systematic Review.

Transverse tibial transport (TTT) is a surgical technique derived from Ilizarov's distraction osteogenesis principles that stimulates angiogenesis and microcirculatory regeneration in the ischemic lower limb without directly manipulating macrovascular anatomy. By creating a proximal tibial cortical bone window and distracting it transversely using an external fixator, TTT triggers converging cascades of growth factor release, endothelial progenitor cell mobilization, and immunomodulation that translate into improved distal limb perfusion and wound healing. Combined TTT plus endovascular therapy improves amputation-free survival versus endovascular therapy alone. Prospective randomized trials and standardized international protocols are needed to consolidate TTT's role in multidisciplinary limb salvage pathways.

Humans↗
PubMed2026

Surgical management of esophageal atresia with tracheoesophageal fistula in extremely low birth weight neonates: A systematic review.

BACKGROUND: Surgical management of esophageal atresia/tracheoesophageal fistula (EA/TEF) in extremely low birth weight (ELBW) neonates remains challenging and controversial. This study systematically reviews surgical strategies and outcomes in this population. METHODS: Following PRISMA guidelines, Cochrane, Embase, MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science (2004-2024) were searched in February 2025 for studies on surgical management of ELBW neonates with EA/TEF (PROSPERO CRD42025636228). Fatal chromosomal abnormalities were excluded. Demographics, comorbidities, surgical techniques, and complications were analyzed descriptively. Risk of bias was assessed. RESULTS: Eleven publications (five case reports and six case series) comprising 30 patients (Gross type B/C = 1/29) met the eligibility criteria. Mean gestational age was 28.1 (23-34) weeks, and mean birth weight was 760.4 (422-995) g. Twelve primary repairs (PR) and 18 delayed primary repairs (DPR) were performed, including staged repair (n = 11), lower esophageal banding (n = 4), and other techniques (n = 3). Postoperatively, four anastomotic leaks were managed conservatively, six strictures and one recurrent TEF required endoscopic intervention, three fundoplications and two aortopexies were reported (follow-up: 1-198 months, n = 19). Overall mortality was 30% (PR: 8.3%; DPR: 44.4%). Mortality was 60% among neonates with major congenital heart defects (CHD) and 40% among those with VACTERL association. EA/TEF-related complications contributed to 33.3% of deaths. CONCLUSIONS: Mortality in this cohort remains high, particularly with major CHD, and is largely unrelated to EA/TEF-specific complications. In selected cases, PR appears feasible as an alternative to DPR, although conclusions are limited by the small sample size and heterogeneous studies.

Humans↗
PubMed2026

A systematic literature review of cultural concepts taught by pharmacist preceptors during pharmacy student experiential placements.

BACKGROUND: Cultural concepts such as cultural intelligence, awareness, competency and safety are essential in guiding culturally responsive care in health professional practice. Pharmacist preceptors play a pivotal role in sharing both clinical and cultural safe practice with pharmacy students. Culturally responsive care can contribute to achieving health equity, which is especially important for Indigenous communities. AIM: To review literature on cultural concepts in pharmacist preceptorship practices, and how these concepts are taught and communicated to pharmacy students during experiential learning. METHOD: The systematic review followed the PRISMA 2020 guideline. Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar were used to identify articles specific to pharmacist preceptors and pharmacy students published between 2015 and 2025, and available in English. RESULTS: Three full-text articles met the inclusion criteria. Major themes and subthemes were identified; pharmacist preceptors lacked preparedness to teach cultural concepts, resulting in variability in preceptors' understanding of cultural concepts and confidence in fulfilling preceptor responsibilities, underutilised structured frameworks to guide students' learning, challenges with preceptorship due to limited resources and support, and the influence of preceptorship on student learning, which impacted students' learning and competency. CONCLUSION: Pharmacy students had minimal exposure to culturally informed pharmacist preceptorship. It is likely that pharmacist preceptors require country-specific educational resources to support culturally safe preceptorship. Future research is required to substantiate these findings, and to guide culturally responsive practice and promote equitable health outcomes in diverse populations.

Humans↗
PubMed2026

Digital health interventions for diabetes management in the eastern mediterranean region: A systematic review of types and effectiveness.

AIM: The aim of this study was to systematically review and evaluate the types and effectiveness of digital health interventions used for diabetes management in the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMRO). METHODS: This systematic review, conducted according to PRISMA guidelines, searched PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus up to May 2025 to identify studies on digital interventions for diabetes management in EMRO countries. Methodological quality of the included studies was evaluated using the EPHPP tool, and findings were categorized by intervention type, outcome measures, and intervention effectiveness. RESULTS: A total of 46 studies were included, mainly from Iran and Saudi Arabia. Phone calls and SMS were the most common digital tools. Digital interventions significantly improved HbA1c, fasting blood sugar, and several behavioral outcomes such as physical activity, medication adherence, and self-efficacy, while effects on psychological outcomes were mixed. CONCLUSION: Digital health interventions, especially phone calls and SMS, effectively improve glycemic control and self-care behaviors, though their impact on psychological outcomes remains inconsistent.

Humans↗
Compare source metadata on this page
WorkPublishedSource identifierSource
Measuring economic efficiency in adult intensive care units: A systematic review of methods, metrics, and evidence.2026-07-28PMID 42520351pubmed
Female genital mutilation knowledge, attitudes and training needs among health professionals in non-practicing countries: A literature review.2026-07-28PMID 42520686pubmed
Exploring the perceptions, experiences, and behaviours that nurses and midwives face in relation to sleep: A systematic review of qualitative evidence.2026-07-28PMID 42600235pubmed
Forensic taphonomy in fluvial water: A systematic review.2026-07-27PMID 42537505pubmed
Urban Design Quality and Clinical Mental Health: A Systematic Review.2026-07-24PMID 42496190pubmed
Barefoot ambulation following partial foot amputation: A systematic review of biomechanical outcomes.2026-07-24PMID 42551218pubmed
The influence of organizational culture on medication safety practices and associated risk factors in the community setting: A systematic review.2026-07-24PMID 42575741pubmed
Infertility treatment in women with epilepsy: A systematic review.2026-07-23PMID 42492305pubmed
Beyond multidimensionality: a systematic review of recurrent frailty archetypes in community-dwelling older adults.2026-07-23PMID 42537597pubmed
Associations between smart infusion pump-electronic health record interoperability and healthcare outcomes: A systematic review.2026-07-22PMID 42486746pubmed
Applications of quantum AI in brain disorder diagnosis: A systematic review.2026-07-22PMID 42520739pubmed
Pharmacogenomics of antipsychotic-induced weight gain: A systematic review.2026-07-21PMID 42480244pubmed
Implementation factors shaping British Columbia's drug decriminalization pilot: A systematic review with narrative synthesis.2026-07-21PMID 42480418pubmed
Seed-derived mucilage polysaccharides as biomaterials for in vivo tissue regeneration: A systematic review.2026-07-20PMID 42480309pubmed
Transverse Tibial Transport for Limb Salvage in Ischemic Lower Extremity Disease: Technique, Mechanisms, and Clinical Outcomes-A Systematic Review.2026-07-17PMID 42692569pubmed
Surgical management of esophageal atresia with tracheoesophageal fistula in extremely low birth weight neonates: A systematic review.2026-07-16PMID 42463002pubmed
A systematic literature review of cultural concepts taught by pharmacist preceptors during pharmacy student experiential placements.2026-07-15PMID 42456630pubmed
Digital health interventions for diabetes management in the eastern mediterranean region: A systematic review of types and effectiveness.2026-07-14PMID 42448520pubmed

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