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Biomedical subjects

Zubin Austin

Publications and source records attributed to Zubin Austin.

6 recordsLinked to original sources

Peer-mentoring workshop for continuous professional development.

OBJECTIVE: To develop a Professional Skills Enhancement Workshop (PSEW) to assist practitioners who require skills training to maintain competency and meet new standards of practice. Participants for this workshop were identified as those pharmacists who completed the peer review assessment process and who did not meet standards of practice expectations. DESIGN: The full-day workshop consists of a half-day introduction to use of clinical drug information resources and approaches to addressing practice-based questions. The second part of the workshop introduces participants to the use of structured patient-interviewing techniques to elicit information using standardized patients. Participants in the workshop completed self-assessments as well as course evaluations. Subsequent to completion of the course, participants rechallenged the peer review assessment process, a test of their clinical skills consisting of a written test of clinical knowledge and an objective structured clinical examination (OSCE), to provide objective evidence of skills acquisition. ASSESSMENT: Over 90% of participants "agreed" or "strongly agreed" that the PSEW was helpful in reacquainting them with current standards of professional practice. Sixty-nine percent of participants who completed the peer review assessment rechallenge process following completion of the course were able to meet standards of practice expectations. CONCLUSIONS: In developing continuous professional development programs, first identifying the needs of all practitioners is essential. The PSEW provides one model for skills training for practitioners who, for a variety of reasons, may not have maintained the expected level of competency.

Education, Pharmacy, Continuing↗

Simulated patients vs. standardized patients in objective structured clinical examinations.

OBJECTIVES: To describe the use of patient-actors as educators in a senior-level pharmacy practice course, and to contrast the value and application of "standardized patient" and "simulated patient" educational methodologies. DESIGN: The objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) of the licensing examination were utilized during and at the end of the course along with external assessment to determine the impact of this educational methodology. Interviews with a randomly selected cohort of 14 students were undertaken 3 years after graduation and licensure to evaluate long-term impact of this course. ASSESSMENT: Overall, students responded positively to the shift from "standardized" patients to "simulated" patients, recognizing their value in teaching clinical and pharmaceutical care skills. Concerns were expressed regarding objectivity in assessment and individual grading. Over 98% of students successfully passed the OSCE component of the licensing examination. Long-term follow-up suggests students valued this approach to education and that it provided them with a foundation for better understanding of the psychosocial needs of patients in practice. CONCLUSIONS: Simulated-patient educators can play an important role in the pharmacy curriculum, and can complement practitioner-educators in providing students with a real-world context for understanding complex patient care needs.

Education, Pharmacy↗

Influence of attitudes toward curriculum on dishonest academic behavior.

OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to examine possible associations between students' self-reported behaviors and opinions towards academic dishonesty, and their attitudes towards curriculum, assessment, and teaching within the pharmacy program. METHODS: A questionnaire was developed and distributed to undergraduate (pre-licensure) students at 4 schools of pharmacy in Canada, including students enrolled in the international pharmacy graduate program. RESULTS: More than 80% of respondents indicated they had participated in one or more of the act of academic dishonesty described in the questionnaire. A weak to moderate correlation was found between students' attitudes towards pharmacy education and their self-reported behaviors related to academic dishonesty. CONCLUSIONS: This study confirmed previous findings suggesting widespread academic dishonesty as well as a hierarchy of values with respect to students' perceptions regarding severity and importance of academic dishonesty. Despite methodological limitations inherent in examining academic dishonesty, there is a definite need to continue to examine this important issue. While this study indicated only a moderate correlation between attitudes towards curriculum and dishonest behaviors, the problem of academic misconduct is multifactorial and will require ongoing study.

Attitude↗

Characterizing the professional relationships of community pharmacists.

BACKGROUND: The use of the term "patient" to describe individuals served by pharmacists may affect expectations, roles, and responsibilities. Whereas this term has been widely accepted and embraced within the profession, there is little empirical evidence to justify its use in the pharmacy practice context. OBJECTIVES: To describe and characterize the type of relationships that form between community pharmacists and the individuals they serve. METHODS: A qualitative study was undertaken with pharmacist-volunteers. Participants were asked to maintain a written diary over a 10-day period, in which their workplace experiences were documented. Responses to cued questions as well as free-form notes were analyzed to form a typology. Through successive iterations using confirmatory focus groups consisting of study participants, a final typology was developed. RESULTS: A total of 45 pharmacists participated in this study. The final typology describes 5 distinct idealized types of relationships formed by pharmacists: analytic-authoritative, emotive-interactive, opportunistic-expedient, reliant-paternalistic, and autonomous-informative. CONCLUSIONS: The complexity of practice suggests that the "patient-pharmacist" paradigm for understanding relationships in pharmacy does not adequately capture the variety of day-to-day interactions that pharmacists encounter. Pharmacists engage in a variety of adaptive and responsive strategies to meet expressed and implicit needs of the individuals they serve.

Adult↗