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Biomedical subjects

Z Zadik

Publications and source records attributed to Z Zadik.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Growth effect of human chorionic gonadotrophin in 2-8-year-old boys with undescended testes.

Growth-promoting effect of human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) was studied in 40 boys of 2-8 years with unilateral undescended testes. A transient acceleration of height and weight increase was noted that exceeded rates found in normal puberty. No significant advance in bone age was noted following treatment. On the basis of this study we conclude that short-term HCG treatment does not change the growth pattern or bone age of 2-8-year-old boys.

Age Determination by Skeleton↗
PubMed1983

Organophosphate poisoning presenting as diabetic ketoacidosis.

A 3-year-old boy was admitted to hospital following rapid-onset coma. Laboratory tests demonstrated hyperglycemia, glycosuria and keto-acidosis. Organophosphorus poisoning was the cause of the coma since he had been in contact with Parathion, serum cholinesterase activity was undetectable and his condition returned to normal under atropine therapy.

Acidosis↗
PubMed1982

Evaluation of the 6-hour integrated concentration of cortisol as a diagnostic procedure for Cushing's syndrome.

The diagnostic value of the 24-h integrated concentration (IC) test of cortisol (IC-24-F) was found to be superior to the value of both urinary 17OHCS and urinary free-cortisol tests. The IC-24-F test is too cumbersome for widespread clinical use. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of an abbreviated and practical 6-h IC of cortisol (IC-6-F) test. The IC of cortisol (IC-F) was measured in 68 normal subjects and 13 patients with surgically proven Cushing's syndrome. A portable nonthrombogenic constant blood withdrawal system was used over a 24-h period. The IC-F was measured in plasma withdrawn during each 1/2-h period (IC-1/2-F). The mean of 12 consecutive measurements of IC-1/2-F yielded the IC-6-F. The mean of all the IC-1/2-F collected over a 24-h period constituted the IC-24-F. The IC-1/2-F of the patients and their IC-6-F from 0800-1400 h, 1400-2000 h, and 2000-0200 h overlapped the corresponding levels in the control subjects. There was no overlap between the IC-24-F and the IC-6-F (from 2000-0200 h) of the patients and the control subjects. It was concluded that the diagnostic value of a 6-h IC-F test conducted during the afternoon and early part of the might is equal to the diagnostic value of the 24-h IC-F test.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Adrenal vein epinephrine levels: a useful aid in venous sampling for primary aldosteronism.

We evaluated the usefulness of adrenal vein epinephrine levels as an indicator of adrenal venous dilution in seven patients with primary aldosteronism who had venous sampling. In six patients adrenal vein epinephrine levels greater than 1500 pg/mL confirmed that relatively undiluted adrenal efflux had been obtained. In another patient a low value of left adrenal vein epinephrine indicated that the sample was markedly diluted with nonadrenal blood. Measurement of epinephrine levels appears to be a useful tool for verifying successful venous sampling, particularly when cortisol and aldosterone levels from the same adrenal vein are not elevated or when deep adrenal vein cannulation cannot be confirmed radiologically.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1981

Occurrence of four types of growth hormone-related dwarfism in Israeli communities.

Data are presented on 121 dwarfed patients belonging to 98 Israeli families with 4 types of dwarfism related to deficiency or in activity of human growth hormone (hGH): isolated growth hormone deficiency (IGHD), partial hGH deficiency (pIGHD), multiple pituitary hormone deficiencies (MPHD) and Laron-type dwarfism (LTD). These series are believed to comprise most of the dwarfs of these types in Israel; however, their distribution among the various ethnic communities varies greatly: LTD (15 families) is confined to a few communities of Oriental Jews; only 3 of 30 families with IGHD, but 7 of 10 families with pIGHD, are Ashkenazi, whereas the clinic distribution of 42 families with MPHD corresponds roughly to that of the general population. These data seem to reflect the role of genetic factors in the etiology of the various types of dwarfism: the stronger the genetic component, the greater is its deviation from random occurrence among the various communities.

Dwarfism, Pituitary↗
PubMed1981

Correlation of urinary excretion of C-peptide with the integrated concentration and secretion rate of insulin.

The secretion rate of insulin (SR-I) of 50 normal subjects was calculated from the 24-h integrated concentration of insulin (IC-I), the peripheral metabolic clearance of insulin (pMCR-I), and the mean fractional hepatic insulin extraction (fhMCR-I) that was derived from our data. fhMCR-I was determined as the difference in the molar secretory rate of C-peptide (SR-C) and the molar peripheral clearance of insulin (pMCR-I x IC-I) divided by SR-C. The IC-I in our 50 subjects was 1.19 +/- 0.38 ng/ml and the IC-C was 2.93 +/- 0.58 ng/ml. Based on these data, the fhMCR-I was 0.40 and the Sr-I was estimated to be 54.8 +/- 18.0 U/24 h. The 24-h urinary C-peptide excretion (U-C), 44.9 +/- 20.4 micrograms/24 h, had a statistically significant correlation with SR-I (r = 0.838, P less than 0.0001), while the IC-I correlated significantly with the 24-h urinary C-peptide/g of creatinine (r = 0.838, P less than 0.0001). The U-C may thus serve as a practical method for estimating the SR-I.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Integrated concentration of epinephrine and norepinephrine in normal subjects and in patients with mild essential hypertension.

Since the level of plasma catecholamines fluctuates rapidly during the day, measurement in a single blood sample could be misleading. A portable nonthrombogenic blood withdrawal system, permitting normal activity and sleep, was used for obtaining the 24-h integrated concentration (IC) of epinephrine (E) and norepinephrine (NE) in 46 normal control subjects, 30 patients with mild essential hypertension, and 1 patient with pheochromocytoma. The mean IC of E (ICE) and the mean IC of NE (ICNE) of the control subjects were 31 +/- 15 and 194 +/- 106 pg/ml, respectively (mean +/- 1 SD). The mean ICE and ICNE of the essential hypertensive patients were 30 +/- 21 and 224 +/- 90 pg/ml, respectively. No significant difference could be found between the levels found in essential hypertensive and normal control subjects. The levels of ICE and ICNE in the patient with pheochromocytoma were 1350 and 882 pg/ml, respectively, which are 88 and 6.5 SD above the mean of the normal control subjects.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Normal integrated concentration of aldosterone and plasma renin activity: effect of age.

The integrated concentration of aldosterone (IC-ALDO) and PRA (IC-PRA) was studied in 78 normal subjects ranging in age from 9--50 yr. Whereas the IC-ALDO to IC-PRA were found to decrease with age, the ratio of IC-ALDO to IC-PRA was not affected by age. A significant lowering of the normal range and variance was achieved by measuring the 24-h integrated concentration instead of the concentration in discrete samples.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

A comparative study of urinary 17-hydroxycorticosteroids, urinary free cortisol, and the integrated concentration of plasma cortisol.

The discriminatory power of three clinical tests for adrenal activity are compared by measuring the variability of the results obtained in 40 normal control subjects, 35 patients with mild essential hypertension, and 13 patients with Cushing syndrome. The variance of the 24-h integrated plasma concentration of cortisol was significantly (P < 0.0001) smaller than the variance of the 24-h urinary excretion of 17-hydroxycorticosteroids and free cortisol. While the 24-h urinary excretion of 17-hydroxycorticosteroids and free cortisol of the patients with Cushing syndrome overlapped with the corresponding values of the normal and hypertensive subjects, their integrated cortisol concentration did not exhibit any overlap.

17-Hydroxycorticosteroids↗
PubMed1980

Increased integrated concentration of norepinephrine, epinephrine, aldosterone, and growth hormone in patients with uncontrolled juvenile diabetes mellitus.

The 24-h integrated plasma concentration of glucose (IC-glucose), norepinephrine (IC-NE), epinephrine (IC-E), cortisol (IC-F), growth hormone (IC-GH), aldosterone (IC-ALDO), and plasma renin activity (IC-PRA) were measured in 11 nonobese juvenile-onset nonketotic diabetic patients exhibiting hyperglycemia and glycosuria and 34 matched control subjects using a portable pump, drawing blood at a constant rate through a nonthrombogenic i.v. catheter. The diabetic patients had a noticeable rise of their IC-NE, IC-E, IC-GH, and IC-ALDO. There was no significant difference between the IC-F and IC-PRA of the patients and the control subjects.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Effect of triiodothyronine administration on the plasma TSH and prolactin responses to TRH in patients with hypothalamic-pituitary insufficiency.

A study was carried out in 10 patients with multiple pituitary hormone deficiencies to determine the response of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and prolactin (PRL) to thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) and their suppressibility by treatment with triiodothyronine (T3) given at a dose of 60 microgram/day for 1 week. In 3 patients the basal tsh values were normal and in 7 patients, 2 of whom had not received regular thyroid replacement therapy, they were elevated. The response of TSH to TRH was normal in 6 patients and exaggerated in 4 (of these, 1 patient had not received previous substitution therapy and 2 had received only irregular treatment). The basal and stimulated levels of TSH were markedly suppressed by the treatment with T3. The basal PRL levels were normal in 7 and slightly elevated in 3 patients. The response of PRL to TRH stimulation was exaggerated in 2, normal in 6 and absent in 2 patients. The basal PRL levels were not suppressible by T3 treatment but in 4 patients this treatment reduced the PRL response to TRH stimulation. From these findings the following conclusions are drawn: (1) T3 suppresses TSH at the pituitary level, and (2) the hyperreactivity of TSH to TRH and the low set point of suppressibility are probably due to a lack of TRH in the type of patients studied.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Effect of adrenal suppression with dexamethasone in essential hypertension.

The 24-h integrated plasma concentration of aldosterone (IC-ALDO), PRA (IC-PRA), and cortisol (IC-F) were measured in 34 male patients with uncomplicated mild essential hypertension and 15 matched normal controls using a portable 24-h continuous nonthrombogenic blood withdrawal system. The hypertensive were subsequently given 0.5 mg dexamethasone three times per day, resulting in suppression of their urinary excretion of 17-hydroxycorticosteroids and free cortisol. The diastolic blood pressure of the hypertensives fell during adrenal suppression from 104 +/- 5 to 96 +/- 8 mm Hg (mean +/- 1 SD; P less than 0.0001). The systolic pressure fell from 150 +/- 16 to 148 +/- 17 (P greater than 0.01). Baseline values for IC-F, IC-ALDO, and IC-PRA were similar in hypertensive subjects and normal controls. After treatment with dexamethasone for 8 weeks, IC-F in the hypertensives decreased from 7.8 +/- 2.1 to 0.7 +/- 0.6 microgram/dl (P less than 0.0001). There was no associated change in IC-ALDO or IC-PRA. Thus, the fall in diastolic blood pressure in response to dexamethasone was associated with suppression of IC-F, without demonstrable changes in other endocrine or biochemical factors measured.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed1978

Gonadal dysfunction in patients with ataxia telangiectasia.

Two males and three females with ataxia telangiectasia aged from 4 6/12 to 23 years were subjected to an i.v. LH-RH test. All were found to have elevated basal levels of FSH and three had elevated levels of LH. In all the response of FSH to LH-RH was supranormal. In the pubertal and adult females the basal levels of estradiol were low. The laboratory and clinical findings in these patients as well as data reported by others indicated that the primary gonadal failure is an integral part of AT.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

11 beta-Hydroxydehydroepiandrosterone in a case of virilizing adrenal adenoma: isolation from urine and mitochondrial conversion from dehydroepiandrosterone.

11 beta-Hydroxydehydroepiandrosterone has been isolated from the urine of a 14-yr-old girl with a virilizing adrenal adenoma. Its excretion was estimated to be 0.4 mg/24 h by gas chromatography and the compound was further identified by mass spectrometry. When [7-3H]dehydroepiandrosterone was incubated with mitochondria prepared from the adenoma, approximately 10% was converted to 11 beta-hydroxydehydroepiandrosterone. The identity of the radioactive 11 beta-hydroxydehydroepiandrosterone was verified by reversed isotopic dilution, its conversion to 11 beta-hydroxyandrostenedione, and its mobility in several chromatographic systems. This is the first demonstration of an 11 beta-hydroxylase from a human source having an affinity for dehydroepiandrosterone.

Adenoma↗