Biomedical subjects

Z Yi

Publications and source records attributed to Z Yi.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

PubMed1999

[Treatment of complex crainocervical junction malformation by transoccipito-cervical posterolateral approach].

OBJECTIVE: To report the treatment of six patients suffering from complex craniocervical junction (CCJ) malformation by transoccipitocervical posterolateral approach which is a new surgical method. METHODS: Transoccipitocervical posterolateral approach was confirmed feasible by anatomy of the body. Diagnosis was made sure CT-three dimensional image and MRI for every patient. All cases reaived odontoidectomy and suboccipital decompression and/or bone graft. RESULTS: All patients showed favorable outcome without deterioration or recurrence. Six patients were followed up for 15 - 10 months. All patients showed marked progressive improvement of neurological disturbances and three of them resumed work half a year after operation. CONCLUSION: Transoccipitocervical posterolateral approach is a new surgical procedure by which anterior and posterior decompression of foramen magnun aria and bone graft (posterior craniocervical stabilization) could be fulfilled during one operation.

Adult↗

PubMed1999

[Preventive efficiency of IVIgG on nosocomial infection in the children with nephrotic syndrome].

In order to study the preventive efficiency of IVIgG on nosocomial infection(NI), 54 cases of the children with nephrotic syndrome(NS) were randomly divided into 2 groups, test group(n = 22) and control group(n = 32). Routine treatment was adopted to all cases. Besides the routine treatment, the test group was injected with IVIgG(100-300 mg.kg-1.d-1) for 2-3 days. The results showed that the NI rate of test group (13.6%) was significantly lower than that of the control(46.88%) (P < 0.05), and the hospital days of the test group(27.33 +/- 15.51) d was significantly shorter than that of the control(64.50 +/- 18.52) d (P < 0.05). These suggest that IVIgG, as one of the ways to prevent NI, can improve the immune state and effectively prevent the NI in the children with NS.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1999

[Efficacy of tianlong xifeng granule (TXG) in the treatment of acute cerebral infarction of ganyanghuafengzheng].

In this article 412 patients with acute cerebral infarction of ganyanghuafengzheng are analyzed in order to compare the efficacy between TXG and xixian tongshuan pill(XTP). The patients were randomly divided into two groups: 305 patients in Group I were treated with TXG, and 107 patients in Group II treated with XTP. The results showed that the curative rate in Group I was 69.84%, while in Group II 46.73%. It is indicated that the efficacy of TXG is superior to that of XTP. No toxicity and side effect were found in the above two groups.

Adult↗

PubMed1999

[Analysis of HPLC of isomers of nitrotoluene and nitrobenzoic acid].

Nitrotoluene and nitrobenzoic acid isomers were separated completely in less than 10 minutes by Kromasil C18 (200 mm x 4.6 mm i.d.), when V(CH3OH):V(H2O):V(THF) = 55:44:1 with beta-CD of 0.02 mol/L at flow rate of 2.0 mL/min (former 4 min) and 2.6 mL/min (later 6 min). Detector of UV-254 at 0.04 AUFS was used.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗

PubMed1999

[The diagnosis and treatment of bilateral congenital absence of stapes and oval window in two members of a family].

OBJECTIVE: To date, bilateral congenital absence of stapes and oval window in two members (elder brother and younger sister) of a family has not been reported previously in the literature to our knowledge. The etiology, diagnosis and management are hereby introduced and discussed. METHODS: The diagnosis was based on history, audiological examinations, high resolution CT scanning and/or the operation. The modified Lempert's fenestration operation of the horizontal semicircular canal was performed on one ear each of the elder brother and the younger sister. RESULTS: Postoperative hearing threshold was 25 dB for speech frequencies with a gain of 47dB for the elder brother, and hearing threshold of 28 dB with a gain of 52 dB for the younger sister. Following up one to eight years individually showed that their hearing gains were steady. CONCLUSION: Patients' parents are relatives of first cousin and have two sons and one daughter. However, there are two family members suffered from bilateral congenital absence of stapes and oval window, and these malformations might be related to inheritance. Good bone conduction and Carhart's notches revealed bilaterally in the patients' audiograms. These are the important indications for diagnosis of this disease. The modified Lempert's fenestration operation of the horizontal semicircular canal is a safe and good choice for treatment.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1999

[The biological behavior of jugular glomus tumor and the perioperative management].

OBJECTIVE: Based on our experiences, the biological behavior and perioperative management of the jugular glomus tumor are introduced and discussed in order to prevent the possible mortality and morbidity. METHODS: Five cases of jugular glomus tumor treated in our institute were reviewed. Laboratory examination, modern imaging techniques such as CT, MRI, 131I-MIBG, DSA, as well as embolization of the blood vessels and/or antihypertensive drugs were selectively used in the preoperative period. RESULTS: Surgical removal of the tumors was successful in this group. CONCLUSION: Perioperative management plays an important role in the prevention of surgical complications.

Angiography, Digital Subtraction↗

PubMed1998

[Relationship between clinical manifestation and pathology in pediatric renal diseases].

To elevate the clinical diagnosis and pathological compatibility of pediatric kidney diseases. Pathological changes from 101 cases of pediatric renal diseases were studied, covering 13 diseases entities, including glomerulo-nephritis, simple nephrotic syndrome, nephritic nephrotic syndrome etc. The technique of tru-cut biopsy under the guidance of B ultrasonogram was used in renal biopsy. The renal puncture biopsy was 100% satisfactory. Pathological changes involved 12 pathological types. MsPGN were the most commonly seen (39.6%), followed by MPGN and ICPGN (12.87% and 10.89%) respectively. It was found that children with similar clinical manifestation may possess different pathological changes, while the same pathological entity may present multiple clinical manifestation. The results suggest that renal biopsy pathological diagnosis is important in the diagnosis, treatment and prediction of prognosis in pediatric renal disease.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1998

[Intraventricular central neurocytoma and literature review].

OBJECTIVE: To understand the characteristics of central neurocytoma. METHODS: Two cases were confimmed operatively and pathologyically. RESULTS: 142 cases showed that the tumor is common in young people. It occurrs in the septum pellucidumor, the wall of third or lateral ventricle. Clinical symptom is intracranial hypertension. The diagnosis must depend on electromicroscope examination. CONCLUSION: The tumor must be removed totally by microsurgery.

Adult↗

PubMed1997

[Changes and evaluation of indexes on treating ganyanghuafengzheng with cerebral infarction by tianlongxifeng granulae].

We used TIANLONGXIFENG granulae to treat the patients with GANYANGHUAFENGZHENG of cerebral infarction, and mobilely observed the contents of plasma norepinephrine, epinephrine, cortisol, thromboxane B2 and serum triiodothyroidoglobulin. The results showed that with the improvement of curative effect and the decrease of symptom scores, the contents of parameters mentioned above changed accordingly. It is suggested that these parameters may have value for diagnosis.

Adult↗

PubMed1997

[Investigation of relationship between primary gastric malignant lymphoma and Helicobacter pylori infection].

UNLABELLED: In order to investigate the relationship between primary gastric malignant lymphoma (PGML) and helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection, the gastric mucosa of 39 cases of PGML and 22 cases of lymphocytic gastritis, 32 cases of Hp unrelated diseases was collected in this case-control study. Hp infection was confirmed by modified Giemsa stain; PGML was classified by Isaacson's classification. RESULT: The Hp detecting rate of PGML was 87.18%, which was significantly higher than that of control groups that was 63.64%, 53.13% respectively (P < 0.005). Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) type was accounted for 92.31% of PGML cases with Hp detecting rate 86.11%. In surrounding chronic active gastritis and lymphoid-follicles Hp were detected in 84.62%, 56.41% cases respectively. IN CONCLUSION: histology shows a good relationship between B cell gastric MALT lymphoma and Hp infection.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1997

[Evaluation of the function of palatine tonsil with regard to phagocytosis].

Trypan blue and Indian ink made in Fuzhou as vital staining dyes were injected into the abdominal cavities of rabbits. Nine days later, the tonsil, thymus, spleen and lymph nodes were examined. Numerous pigment granules were observed in the macrophages of the spleen and lymph node. However, no phagocytosis of pigment granules was found in the palatine tonsil and thymus. It indicated that the function of palatine tonsil as a lymph organ is to contact exogenous antigens and to take part in immune response. It is important for children, especially infants, to establish a complete immune mechanism. The Tonsils reach their maximum development in childhood and thereafter decline. Once the palatine tonsils become chronic foci, surgical removal of the diseased tonsils is necessary.

Animals↗

PubMed1997

[Current status of HIV infection in Yunnan Province of China].

In cooperation with the Chinese Academy of Preventive Medicine and Yunnan Province Provincial Office for AIDS Control and Prevention, we studied the current status of HIV infection intravenous drug users (IVDUs) and other high risk groups in Yunnan province of China. As of the end of 1995, 1,807 HIV cases were officially reported (Positive rate was 0.6%), of which 1,278 (77.9%) were IVDUs, and 24 were their spouses. The majority of cases were found among the Dai minority male farmers near Ruili which borders on Myammar, but HIV also appears to be spreading among the Han people. HIV antibody positive rates among commercial sex workers, pregnant women and blood donors were 0.2%, 0.07% and 0.04%, respectively. A system for surveillance of HIV has been developed, but preventive strategies to cope with HIV epidemic are not sufficient. As HIV/AIDS is now a global issue, (1) the integration and coordination of such preventive strategies in cooperation with community health workers, (2) general health education for condom use promotion and (3) care of psychological vulnerable person such as IVDUs, should be developed.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗

PubMed1996

Response of broilers to graded levels of microbial phytase added to maize-soyabean-meal-based diets containing three levels of non-phytate phosphorus.

Male 1-d-old broilers (n 920) were given 0, 200, 400, 600, 800, 1000 and 1200 U microbial phytase/kg diet in combination with 2.0, 2.7 or 3.4 g non-phytate P (nP)/kg or 4.0, 5.1 or 5.8 g total P (tP)/kg in a 21 d trial to assess the effectiveness of phytase in a maize-soyabean-meal diet. In addition to the above twenty-one diets, a positive control P diet supplied 4.5 g nP/kg, 6.9 g tP/kg and 10 g Ca/kg. The basal diet contained 230 g crude protein/kg, 8.8 g Ca/kg, 4.4 g tP/kg and 2.0 g nP/kg. Defluorinated phosphate and limestone were used to supply P and Ca. A Ca:tP ratio of 2:1 was maintained except in the positive control diet which had a ratio of 1.45:1. Phytase additions linearly increased (P < 0.01) body-weight (BW) gain, feed intake, toe ash percentage, and apparent retention (% of intake) or total amount (g/bird) of retained Ca and P, and linearly decreased (P < 0.01) P excretion (g/kg of DM intake) at each level of nP with the magnitude of the response inversely related to the level of nP. Above-normal mortality was only observed in the group receiving 2.0 g nP/kg diet without phytase. Adding nP linearly increased (P < 0.01) BW gain, feed intake, toe ash percentage, Ca retention, total amount (g/bird) of P retained, and P excretion, and linearly decreased (P < 0.01) apparent retention (%) of P. Derived linear and non-linear equations for BW gain and toe ash percentage at the two lower nP levels, 2.0 and 2.7 g/kg, were used to calculate P equivalency values of microbial phytase. The results show that 939 U microbial phytase is equivalent to 1 g P from defluorinated phosphate in broilers fed on maize-soyabean-meal diets. The amount of P released per 100 U phytase decreased as the total amount of phytase increased.

6-Phytase↗

PubMed1996

Effectiveness of Natuphos phytase in improving the bioavailabilities of phosphorus and other nutrients in soybean meal-based semipurified diets for young pigs.

Crossbred pigs (n = 96, BW = 7.5 kg) were used in a 5-wk trial to determine the effectiveness of supplemental Natuphos phytase in improving the bioavailabilities of P and other nutrients in a semipurified diet with soybean meal as the only P source in the basal diet. Two available P (aP) levels (.05 and .16%) and five phytase levels (0, 350, 700, 1,050, and 1,400 units/kg of diet) were used in a 2 x 5 factorial arrangement of treatments. In addition to the 10 diets, two extra diets were formulated to supply the recommended level of aP (.32%) with 0 and 1,400 units (U) of phytase/kg of diet. Graded levels of phytase resulted in linear increases in ADG (P < .02), ADFI (P < .01 at .16% aP only), and gain:feed ratio (P < .03). Effects of adding phytase to the diet with .32% aP were observed only in the first 14 d of the study with increases in ADG (P < .06) and gain:feed (P < .02) for added phytase. Apparent digestibility (or absorption) coefficients (ADC) of DM, P, Ca, and N were estimated using chromic oxide as an indicator during wk 4 and 5. When phytase and P were added to the low P diet, the ADC of P was increased (P < .01), but only small and variable changes in the ADC of DM, Ca, and N were observed. Fecal P excretion (grams per day) decreased as microbial phytase was added (P < .01) and increased with added P (P < .01). In comparison to the results with the .32% aP diet, fecal P excretion decreased 25 to 50% by the addition of phytase. The addition of phytase to the diet with .32% aP further improved (P < .01) the ADC of P (54.5 vs 61.8%) and decreased (P < .01) fecal P excretion (1.62 vs 1.38 g/d). Characteristics of 4th metacarpals and 10th ribs were consistently improved by increasing dietary levels of both phytase and P. On the basis of an assessment of R2 values from secondorder translog equations, ADG, ADFI, P apparent absorption, bone ash percentage, and bone shear force were sensitive indicators to evaluate phytase efficacy of P availability in diets. Phosphorus equivalency of microbial phytase was calculated by using response equations for ADG and apparent P absorption. The average function of the release of P (Y, grams per kilograms) by microbial phytase (X, units per kilogram of diet) was developed with aP levels of .05 and .16%: Y = 1.546-1.504e-.0015X. The replacement of 1 g of inorganic P would require about 676 U of microbial phytase. This represents 77% of released P from phytate.

6-Phytase↗

PubMed1996

Improving phytate phosphorus availability in corn and soybean meal for broilers using microbial phytase and calculation of phosphorus equivalency values for phytase.

Two experiments were conducted to determine the effectiveness of Natuphos phytase for improving P availability of soybean meal-based semipurified diets (SP, Experiments 1 and 2) and corn-soybean meal-based diets (CS, Experiment 2) fed to broilers (1 to 21 d). There were 360 and 288 birds fed the SP diets in Experiments 1 and 2, respectively, and 288 birds were fed the CS diets in Experiment 2. Phosphorus equivalency values for phytase were calculated. The basal diets were formulated to contain 0.27% nonphytate P (nP); the SP basal diet contained 0.45% total P (tP) that included 0.17% P as defluorinated phosphate; the CS basal diet contained 0.51% tP that contained 0.12% P as defluorinated phosphate. Both basal diets were supplemented with defluorinated phosphate to provide 0.36, 0.45, of 0.54% nP or with 350, 700, or 1,050 U of phytase/kg diets. Supplementing defluorinated phosphate and phytase linearly increased BW gain (P < 0.001), feed intake (P < 0.001), and percentage ash of dried toes (P < 0.01). Phytase addition increased apparent retention of P (P < 0.02), Ca (P < 0.005 in Experiment 2), and N (P <0.06 in Experiment 2 for CS), increased apparent digestibility of DM (P < 0.04), and linearly decreased (P <0.005) P excretion. In comparison to the 0.45% np diet, P excretion was reduced 42 to 51% by addition of phytase. The addition of defluorinated phosphate linearly decreased apparent retention of P (P < 0.02) and Ca (P < 0.005 in Experiment 2), and increased P excretion (P < 0.007). The average of released P by phytase calculated by solving nonlinear or linear response equations of P and phytase levels for SP diets in Experiments 1 and 2 gave a P equivalency value 1 g P = 1,146 U of phytase. The P equivalency value for CS diets fed only in Experiment 2 was 785 U of phytase = 1 g P as defluorinated phosphate. These studies show that microbial phytase is effective for improving P availability and for decreasing P excretion. Added phytase can also increase Ca and N retention.

6-Phytase↗

PubMed1996

Supplemental microbial phytase improves zinc utilization in broilers.

Day-old male broilers (n = 384) were used in a 21-d trial to investigate the effect of microbial phytase on the retention and utilization of Zn. A corn-soybean isolate basal diet containing 20 ppm Zn was fed alone and supplemented with 5, 10, or 20 ppm Zn as ZnSO4.7H2O or with 150, 300, 450, or 600 U of phytase/kg of diet. Total excreta were collected during Days 18 to 20. Toe, tibia, and liver samples were taken at the end of the experiment. Adding Zn and phytase to the low Zn basal diet linearly increased BW gain and feed intake of broilers (P < 0.01). The gain to feed ratio was not changed by adding Zn but was decreased by adding phytase (P < 0.01). The amount of DM retained was linearly increased by adding Zn and phytase (P < 0.10), but DM retained as a percentage of intake was only increased by adding Zn (P < 0.05). The amount of Zn retained per bird was linearly improved by adding Zn and phytase (P < 0.01). Zinc retained as a percentage of intake was linearly decreased by adding Zn but was linearly increased by adding phytase (P < 0.10). Ash percentage of toe and tibia were not affected by adding Zn but were linearly improved by adding phytase (P < 0.10); however, the amount of ash in toe or tibia was increased by Zn (P < 0.05) and phytase (P < 0.01 for toe; not significant for tibia). The concentration and amount of Zn in toe and tibia were linearly increased by adding Zn and phytase (P < 0.001). The concentration of Zn in liver increased by adding Zn (P < 0.10) but was not significantly improved by adding phytase. The amount of Zn retained in liver was linearly improved by adding Zn and phytase (P < 0.05). Nonlinear or linear response equations of the effects of Zn and phytase levels were generated and used to calculate the Zn equivalency values. The average function of Zn equivalency values (Y, milligrams per kilogram) of microbial phytase (X, units per kilogram of diet) was developed: Y = 0.20 + 0.0082X. The results indicate that approximately 0.9 mg of Zn was released per 100 U of phytase over the range of 150 to 600 U of phytase.

6-Phytase↗

PubMed1996

Effect of microbial phytase on nitrogen and amino acid digestibility and nitrogen retention of turkey poults fed corn-soybean meal diets.

The effect of microbial phytase on N and amino acid (AA) digestibility and N retention was investigated in a 29-d trial using 480 Nicholas Large White Turkey female poults fed corn-soybean meal diets. A 2 x 2 x 2 factorial arrangement of treatments was used with 0.45 and 0.60% nonphytate P (nP), 22.5 and 28.0% CP, and 0 and 750 U of microbial phytase/kg of diet. At 0.45% nP, adding phytase to either 22.5 or 28.0% CP diets increased BW gain (P < 0.01), and percentage (P < 0.01) and weight (P < 0.10) of toe ash; at 0.60% nP, the magnitude of the effect of phytase was less (P > 0.10) than observed for 0.45% nP and inconsistent. Apparent and true ileal digestibility of N and AA was estimated by using chromic oxide as an indicator at Day 24. At 0.45% nP, adding phytase to 22.5% CP diets tended to improve the apparent and true ileal digestibility of N and AA, except cysteine or methionine; adding phytase to 28.0% CP diets increased the digestibility of N and most of the AA (P < 0.001 to 0.10). At 0.60% nP, adding phytase to 22.5% CP diets increased the apparent and true ileal digestibility of N and all the AA (P < 0.001 to 0.10), but did not change digestibilities at 28.0% CP diets. Adding phytase also increased (P < 0.001 to 0.10) apparent ileal digestibility of DM and P at 0.45% nP for both CP diets, but only for 22.5% CP diets at 0.60% nP. The total excreta were collected at Day 27 to 29. Adding phytase to 0.45% nP diets increased apparent utilization of DM (P < 0.01 to 0.10) and retention of N (P < 0.05 to 0.10) at both CP levels; retention of P was only increased (P < 0.10) at 22.5% CP. At 0.60% nP, adding phytase increased utilization of DM (P < 0.05) and retention of N (P < 0.10) only at 22.5% CP; P retention was not affected. In summary, microbial phytase enhanced growth performance, toe ash, ileal N and AA digestibility, and apparent N and P retention.

6-Phytase↗

PubMed1996

[Altered cytokeratin expression of the epidermoid formation in the tympanic cavity of human fetuses].

The epidermoid formation (EF) in the developing human fetal middle ear is believed to have relationship with congenital cholesteatoma. Sixteen EFs were included in this study, of which 15 were simple EFs and one was hyperplastic EF. Four cytokeratin antibodies PK, CK13, CK18, and CK19 were used in an ABC immunohistochemical technique to compare the expression of the cytokeratin in the EFs, middle ear mucosa and external acoustic meatus skin. The results showed that the simple EFs had the same staining pattern of middle ear mucosa for all four antibodies and were different from external acoustic meatus skin. It was suggested that the simple EFs do not have the properties of an epidermis. The hyperplastic EF had an altered cytokeratin expression comparing to that of the middle ear mucosa. The expression of CK19 disappeared in the structure while the normal middle ear mucosa nearby had a positive staining for this antibody. PK staining pattern, characterized by the more intensive in the surface layer of the EF, was similar to that of external acoustic meatus skin. It is suggested that hyperplastic EF may acquire certain properties of epidermis, and may develop into congenital cholesteatoma.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗