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Biomedical subjects

Z Wu

Publications and source records attributed to Z Wu.

At least 325 records · Page 18Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

MRI evaluation of bone marrow of normal lumbar vertebra in the Chinese: normal patterns and preliminary quantitative study.

OBJECTIVES: To establish the normal patterns of lumbar vertebral marrow in normal Chinese, to determine its normal value of relaxation times (T1 and T2), and to investigate the relationship between relaxation time and age or sex. METHODS: 320 of 1000 cases (sampled randomly) received MR imaging. According to the MRI findings of sagittal T1WI, marrow patterns were established. 268 cases were studied quantitatively (T1 and T2 measurements). RESULTS: The normal bone marrow patterns of lumbar vertebra were divided into four main patterns (six subgroups). The normal values of relaxation times (T1 and T2) were measured. T1 or T2 value decreased with aging. No significant difference in T1 value between two sexes (< 40 years old: u = 0.4307, P > 0.50; > or = 40 years old: u = 0.554, P > 0.05). No significant difference was seen in T2 value between two sexes before 40 years old (u = 1.3628, P > 0.10), but significant difference after 40 years old (u = 2.1498, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: To establish the normal patterns of lumbar vertebral marrow and determine its normal values of relaxation times have important clinical value in the diagnosis of bone marrow diseases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

External valvuloplasty technique in deep venous valve insufficiency of the lower limbs.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the therapeutic effects of external valvuloplasty technique in deep venous valve insufficiency of the lower limbs. METHODS: External valvuloplasty of the femoral vein valve was performed in 30 patients(41 limbs) with deep venous valve insufficiency of the lower limbs. The patients ranged in age from 16 to 69 years (mean +/- s, 50.8 +/- 9.2). External valvuloplasty of the first pair of superficial femoral vein valve was carried out in all limbs. External valvuloplasty of the second pair of superficial femoral vein valve was added in 7 limbs and valvuloplasty of the common femoral vein valve in 6 limbs. RESULTS: Venous claudication, swelling, aching disappeared in 78.0% limbs (32), obvious improvement was seen in 22.0% (9), and varicosis disappeared in all limbs. Ulcer healing was observed in 80% (8/10) limbs. Deep venous valve sufficiency was shown in 90.2% limbs, and reflux I degree-II degree in 4 by color Doppler. CONCLUSION: External valvuloplasty is an effective method to treat deep venous valve insufficiency of the lower limbs.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Effects of nitric oxide inhibitor on prostacyclin biosynthesis in portal hypertensive rats.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of nitric oxide inhibitor on prostacyclin (PGI2) biosynthesis and the role of PGI2 in hyperhemodynamics of portal hypertension. METHODS: Sprague Dawley rats were divided into four groups: intrahepatic portal hypertension (IHPH) by injection of CCl4, prehepatic portal hypertension (PHPH) by stenosis of the portal vein, end-to-side portacaval shunt (PCS), and sham-operated controls (SO). Animals of each group were subdivided into 2 groups: systemic administration of nitric oxide inhibitor L-NMMA and vehicle. The radioactive microsphere method was used for hemodynamic study. The level of plasma PGI2 (6-keto-PGF1 alpha) was measured by radioimmunoassay. RESULTS: The characteristics of hyperdynamic circulatory state including increased cardiac output and splanchnic blood flow, decreased mean arterial blood pressure, total peripheral vascular resistance, and splanchnic vascular resistance were observed in IHPH, PHPH and PCS rats. The magnitude of hyperhemodynamics was in the order of PCS > PHPH > IHPH rats. The hyperdynamic circulatory state in IHPH, PHPH and PCS rats could be effectively reversed by L-NMMA to the baseline values of hemodynamics in SO rats. The baseline concentrations of plasma 6-keto-PGF1 alpha (ng/ml) in PHPH, IHPH, PCS, and SO rats were 6.93 +/- 2.43, 5.09 +/- 2.27, 2.36 +/- 1.01 and 1.56 +/- 0.61, respectively. The concentrations of plasma 6-Keto-PGF1 alpha in PHPH, IHPH and PCS rats were significantly higher than those in SO rats. Moreover, the concentrations were significantly higher in PHPH and IHPH rats than in PCS rats (P < 0.05). After administration of L-NMMA, the concentrations of plasma 6-Keto-PGF1 alpha (ng/ml) in PHPH, IHPH, PCS and SO rats were 7.69 +/- 2.98, 5.68 +/- 2.66, 5.50 +/- 0.79, 5.02 +/- 2.86, respectively. As compared to the baseline value, the concentrations of 6-keto-PGF1 alpha rats were slightly increased in IHPH, PHPH rats (P > 0.05), but significantly increased in PCS and SO rats (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: In this study, the hyperdynamic circulatory state in portal hypertensive rats and portacaval shunt rats was completely reversed by L-NNMA to normal, but the level of 6-keto-PGF1 alpha was still elevated. The results indicate that PGI2 is not involved in hyperhemodynamics of portal hypertension.

6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha↗
PubMed1999

[Textual research on the chronicle of Wang Fengchun's life].

Wang Fengchun was a noted doctor in Beijing, but there were a lot of discrepancies and errors about the chronicle of Wang's life in the literatures. This article was a textual research on the chronicle of Wang Fengchun's life, such as the date of birth, the time when migrated to Beijing, and the number of years practised medicine in Beijing, mostly based on the Bo Lu Yi An.

China↗
PubMed1999

[Another hot point mutation of Wilson disease gene in Chinese: exon 12].

OBJECTIVES: To study the feature of disease-causing mutation of exon 12 of Wilson disease (WD) gene in Chinese and evaluate its value in direct gene diagnosis. METHODS: Genomic DNA of 44 unrelated WD patients and 60 normal controls was prepared from peripheral blood leukocytes by a salt-out method. The mutation of exon 12 in these subjects was identified by PCR-single strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) and further confirmed by direct sequencing. RESULTS: Two missense mutations were identified in 8 cases (18%), including 6 cases of heterozygous for Thr935Met mutation and 2 of heterozygous for Gly943Asp mutation. Different features of mutation of exon 12 were noted between Chinese and Caucasian. Both Thr935Met and Gly943Asp were novel missense mutations and exon 12 was another hot point mutation of WD in Chinese besides exon 8. CONCLUSION: The finding helps establish a fast and effective direct gene diagnosis.

Asian People↗
PubMed1999

[Adhesion of hepatocellular carcinoma cells to collagen IV coated surfaces].

OBJECTIVES: To quantitatively describe the adhesion of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells and hepatocytes to collagen IV/laminin coated surfaces and to investigate the relevance of cell adhesion forces to the coating concentration of collagen IV and, when laminin was co-coated along with collagen IV, the incorporation concentration of laminin. METHODS: A stepwise coating protocol was adopted to prepare the collagen IV/laminin coated surfaces, in which poly-D-lysine and collagen IV/laminin were successively coated onto glass surfaces and finally, bovine serum albumin was used to block the non-specific adhesion. Cell adhesion forces were measured by means of micropipette aspiration technique. RESULTS: Cell adhesion forces showed good dependence on the coating concentration of collagen IV. However, the amplitude for the increase of adhesion forces of HCC cells (202 x 10(-10) N, 26%) was far more less than that for hepatocytes(1,566 x 10(-10) N, 742%) when coating concentration increased from 1 microgram/ml to 5 micrograms/ml. No further increase in the adhesion forces of HCC cells was observed when the coating concentration of collagen IV increased beyond 2 micrograms/ml. The incorporation of laminin along with 2 micrograms/ml collagen IV did not readily result in an increase in the adhesion forces of the two kinds of cells to the surfaces. Among the concentration of laminin tested, only in certain concentration(0.625 microgram/ml or 1.25 micrograms/ml) did the incorporation of laminin along with 2 micrograms/ml collagen IV lead the adhesion forces of hepatocytes and HCC cells to the coated surfaces to reach their corresponding maximum values, otherwise this incorporation led the adhesion forces to decrease. CONCLUSION: The present method is efficient in investigating cell-matrix adhesion. The cell adhesion behavior to collagen IV for HCC differs obviously from those for normal hepatocytes. Laminin might be an important factor for the regulation of cell adhesion forces to matrix components.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1999

Surgical treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma and related basic research with special reference to recurrence and metastasis.

OBJECTIVE: To summarize the progress of surgical treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and related basic research at the Liver Cancer Institute of Shanghai Medical University in the recent years, with special reference to recurrence and metastasis. METHODS: Published and unpublished update clinical and experimental data in the above-mentioned areas are summarized. RESULTS: Surgical resection has played an important role in improving prognosis of HCC, the 5-year survival were 63.4% for small HCC resection (n = 806), 39.6% for large HCC resection (n = 1061), 64.7% for cytoreduction (using hepatic artery cannulation and ligation) and sequential resection of initially unresectable HCC (n = 93), 56.0% for cytoreduction using transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) and followed by resection (n = 65), and 22.4% for hepatic resection with removal of tumor thrombi in portal vein (n = 103). Unfortunately, the 5-year recurrent rate after curative resection of HCC was up to 61.5%, which was mainly a result of intrahepatic "metastasis" and multicentric origin of HCC. Clinically, re-resection of subclinical recurrence yielded 56% of 5-year survival (n = 202); prevention of recurrence by transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) + Interferon, or LAK/IL-2 therapy have decreased 3-year recurrent rate from 33% to 11%-18%. In experimental aspect, metastatic human HCC model in nude mice (LCI-D20) and HCC cell line with metastatic potential (MHCC97) have been established; studies on HCC invasiveness in the molecular level revealed similar results that reported in other solid cancers, and small HCC showed slightly better biological characteristics as compared with large HCC; microvessel density (MVD) that reflecting angiogenesis adversely correlated with 5-year survival of small HCC; experimental interventions using antisense H-ras, bispecific antibody, BB94, as well as anti-angiogenic agents (TNP470, suramin, CAI, heparin, antisense VEGF, etc.) have been demonstrated to inhibit tumor growth and lung metastasis in nude mice model. CONCLUSIONS: Recurrence and metastasis are the major obstacle to further improve prognosis of HCC, studies should be conducted both in clinical and experimental aspects, "HCC invasiveness" will be the major target to be studied, particularly in the molecular level, and anti-angiogenesis will be one of the important approach.

Angiogenesis Inhibitors↗
PubMed1999

[Transurethral microwave tissue coagulation therapy for carcinoma of urinary bladder: an analysis of 35 patients].

OBJECTIVE: To study the reliability of transurethral microwave tissue coagulation therapy for transitional epithelial carcinoma of the urinary bladder. METHODS: The suitable microwave output was affirmed by studying its coagulation effect on pig and human bladder wall according to histo-morphologic changes: Based on this study, transurethral microwave tissue coagulation of bladder cancer (TUMTCBC) was carried out in 35 patients with bladder carcinoma. Biopies were taken from the microwave irradiated sites after the procedure. All patients were given regular intravesical chemotherapy with mitomycin C after microwave treatment and were followed-up for a mean of 56 months. RESULTS: The treatment was effective in all of the treated patints. The recurrence rate and the tumor-free period in patients treated with TUMTCBC was comparable to those in patients treated with transurethral electric cauterization or partial cystectomy. In 19 cases (54.3%), no recurrence of tumor was found in 5 years. CONCLUSION: TUMTCBC is safe, effective and easy to perform. It may be used for the treatment of both superficial and invasive bladder carcinoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Hepatic resection with removal of tumor thrombi for hepatocellular carcinoma with tumor thrombi in portal vein and curative analysis].

OBJECTIVE: To study the therapeutic effects of surgical treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with tumor thrombi in the main trunk or the first branch of the portal vein (PVTT) and factors affecting prognosis. METHODS: 111 HCC patients with PVTT underwent hepatic resection with removal of tumor thrombi in the first left or the right branch of the portal vein or removal of tumor thrombi by direct opening of the main trunk of the portal vein. Hepatic artery infusion and/or portal vein infusion were performed after hepatic resection with removal of tumor thrombi for HCC with PVTT in 22 of the patients. Among 111 patients, 32 received postoperative transhepatic arterial chemoembolization and/or portal vein chemotherapy. Conservative treatment and surgical exploration or hepatic artery ligation (HAL) and infusion (HAI) and/or portal vein infusion (PVI) were performed in other 14 and 20 HCC patients with PVTT, respectively. RESULTS: The 1-, 2-, 3-, 4- and 5- year survival rates were 61.7%, 36.2%, 32.3%, 24.4% and 22.4% in the resected group, respectively, whereas 14 HCC patients with PVTT treated conservatively died in three months and the 1-, 2- year survival rates were 6.0% and 0 in the 20 patients with surgical exploration or HAL and HAI and/or PVI respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Hepatic resection with removal of tumor thrombi for HCC with PVTT should be encouraged for the prolongation of life span and quality of life.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[External valvuloplasty for deep venous valve insufficiency of legs].

OBJECTIVE: To study and evaluate the therapeutic effects of external valvuloplasty for deep venous valve insufficiency of the legs. METHODS: External valvuloplasty of the femoral vein valve was performed in 26 patients (37 legs) with deep venous valve insufficiency of the legs. Among them, 12 were male and 14 were female. These patients ranged in age from 16 to 69 years (x +/- s, 50.8 +/- 10.0). External valvuloplasty of the first pair of the superficial femoral vein valve was carried out in all the legs. External valvuloplasty of the second pair of the superficial femoral vein valve was added in 7 legs and valvuloplasty of the common femoral vein valve in 6 legs. RESULTS: Venous claudication, swelling, aching disappeared in 81.1% patients (30/37), obviously improved in 18.9% (7/37) and varicose veins disappeared in all legs. Ulcer healing was seen in 7/9 patients. Deep venous valve sufficiency was demonstrated in 89.2% patients (33/37), and reflux I degrees - II degrees in 4 legs by color Doppler. CONCLUSIONS: External valvuloplasty is effective in treating deep venous valve insufficiency of the legs.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

[Experiment and clinical application of targeting treatment with adriamycin magnetic albumin microspheres in human gastric carcinoma].

OBJECTIVE: To study the pharmacokinetics in experimental animals and observe the concurrent anticancer effects in human advanced gastric cancer as an adjuvant chemotherapy, when adriamycin magnetic albumin microspheres (ADM-MAM) were combined with external static magnetic fields. METHODS: The drug concentration of targeting tissues in the animals and the stability of ADM-MAM in human gastric juices were determined. Clinical and histopathological changes were observed in 55 cases of advanced gastric carcinomas after targeting treatment. RESULTS: The peak concentrations of the targeting tissue were highest after ADM-MAMs were administered for 2 hours and remained at the high level for a long time. ADM-MAM maintained its stability in human gastric juices. Targeting treatment improved the patients' symptoms, raised the rated of tumor resection, prolonged patients' lifetime, and enhanced histopathological effects (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The administration of ADM-MAM combined with the external static magnetic fields is effective for targeting location and is of clinical value as a preoperative adjuvant chemotherapy for human advanced gastric carcinoma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

[The treatment of 432 patients with pituitary adenomas via transsphenoidal approach].

OBJECTIVE: To study some clinical features of 432 cases of pituitary adenomas treated by transsphenoidal microsurgery between July 1982 and October 1996. METHODS: Pathological examination, immunohistochemical examination and electronmicroscopic examination were done in 424, 29 and 103 cases respectively. RESULTS: Hyperprolactinemia was found in many so-called non-functioning adenomas besides in prolactinomas. The dura maters were invaded by tumors in 78 cases (the incidence of dural invasion was 65.5%). CONCLUSIONS: Hyperprolactinemia is not peculiar to prolactinomas, and differential diagnosis is necessary when hyperprolactinemia exists. The involvement of the dura mater of sellar floor is an important mark that the adjacent tissues were invaded by pituitary adenomas. The outcome of surgical treatment is significantly different between the patients with dural invasion and without invasion.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1999

[Nosocomial catheter-related sepsis secondary to central venous catheters].

OBJECTIVE: To study bacteria and drug sensitivity of catheter-related sepsis (CRS). METHODS: Between February 1993 and December 1997, 52 patients with central venous catheter-related sepsis were studied retrospectively. RESULTS: The most common organisms were staphylococcus aureus and staphylococcus epidermis. The bacterial pathogens isolated demonstrated a marked pattern of antibiotic resistance. Gram-positive cocci were sensitive to vancomycin with a sensitivity of 93.3%, and gram-negative bacilli were sensitive to amikacin and ceftazidine with a sensitivity of 51.7%. CONCLUSIONS: The effective treatment of catheter-related sepsis is removal of infected catheters. Vancomycin and (or) amikacin may be first chosen to treat CRS.

Amikacin↗
PubMed1999

[Gamma delta T cells and their receptor Vdelta gene rearrangement in transitional mucosa of rectal carcinoma].

OBJECTIVE: To observe gamma delta T cells and their receptors Vdelta gene rearrangement expression in the transitional mucosa of rectal carcinoma, and to investigate their relations with local tumor recurrence. METHODS: In 13 patients with rectal carcinoma, gamma delta T cells in transitional mucosa were measured with two-color immunofluorescent flow cytometric analysis and polymerase chain reaction technique. RESULTS: The volume of gamma delta T cells in transitional mucosal lymphocytes (TML) were significantly higher than that in tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL), and significantly lower than that in normal intestinal epithelial lymphocytes (IEL) (P < 0.05). The gamma delta T cell receptors delta chain V region (gamma delta-TCR Vdelta1-Vdelta6) gene rearrangement was all expressed in TIL, TML and IEL; but the Vdelta 6 gene expression in both TML and TIL were higher than that in IEL (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The decreased volume of gamma delta T cells in TML resulted in decreased local immune function and may be responsible for the local tumor recurrence after resection. The high expression of Vdelta 6 gene rearrangement in both TIL and TML suggests the skewing of gamma delta-TCR receptors and the abtitumor specificity of TIL and TML in local epithelium.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Retreatment after excimer laser photorefractive keratectomy].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of reoperation of residual myopia because of regression, undercorrection with or without coexisting severe corneal haze after excimer laser photorefractive keratectomy (PRK). METHODS: A VISK 20/20 excimer laser was used to treat myopia of -1.00 to -16.50 diopters (spherical equivalent) at corneal plane. 35 patients (51 eyes) who had residual myopia because of regression, undercorrection with or without coexisting severe corneal haze after initial PRK were retreated by using PRK and phototherapeutic keratectomy. RESULTS: At 12 months after retreatment, the rates of uncorrected visual acuity more than or equal to 10/20 or 20/20 were 82.6% and 39.1% respectively, 100.0% and 50.0% in myopia up to -6.00 D, 73.3% and 33.3% in myopia of -6.25 to -16.50 D respectively. 86.3% of eyes were within +/- 1.00 diopters of desired emmetropia. Corneal haze after retreatment was not greater than that observed after initial procedures. CONCLUSIONS: The residual myopia because of regression, undercorrection with or without severe corneal haze after initial PRK can be successfully retreated. Although the therapeutic result of retreatment of PRK is less successful than that of the initial procedure, retreatment appears to enhance it.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Zinc promotes proliferation and differentiation of osteoblast in rats in vitro].

OBJECTIVE: Effect of zinc on proliferation and differentiation of osteoblast in rats was studied in vitro. METHODS: Osteoblasts were isolated from the rat calvaria and subcultured in DMEM media. Rats were divided into four groups in the study, with administration of 0 micromol/L (as control), 10 micromol/L, 25 micromol/L and 50 micromol/L of Zn(2+), respectively. DNA synthesis at varied time points was determined with incorporation of (3)H-thymidine, and cell cycle was analyzed by flow cytometry. Synthesis of collagen was measured with incorporation of (3)H-proline. Activity of alkaline phosphatase (AKP) and osteocalcin content were measured by enzyme dynamics method and radioimmunoassay, respectively. RESULTS: Incorporation of (3)H-thymidine in the three groups with different zinc-supplement was significantly higher than that in the control group at each time point, and supplement with 25 micromol/L and 50 micromol/L of Zn(2+) could promote the transition of cell cycle from phases G(0)/G(1) to S phase. Syntheses of collagen and osteocalcin and activity of AKP in the groups with zinc-supplement were greater, as compared with those in the control group. CONCLUSION: Zinc could promote proliferation and differentiation of the rat osteoblast in vitro.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

[A case-control study on Guillain-Barre syndrome in children of North China].

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed at exploring the risk factors for Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS). METHODS: A case-control study design was used with 51 cases of GBS, diagnosed based on their symptoms, signs and electrophysiological examinations and exclusion of poliomyelitis and other acute flaccid paralysis, and 51 controls matched on age, sex and resident village. Serum IgG antibodies specific for Campylobacter jejuni were determined for all the subjects by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with a preparation of surface antigen of C. jejuni C(1) strain isolated from the patients and prevalent in north China. Each case and control were interviewed with his/her parents or guardians by a trained interviewer using an ad hoc questionnaire, including his/her demographic information, socioeconomic status, onset of the illness, and potential risk factors in their environment and personal hygiene. Data were analyzed with SAS software release 6.04 in a microcomputer. RESULTS: GBS was associated with a few factors, such as residential areas (45 of the 51 cases living in the rural areas, accounting for 88.2% of the total), polio and hepatitis B vaccine immunization before onset of the illness (with ORs of 7.27 and 3.14, respectively), no hand washing after defecation and before meals (with an OR of 6.15) and getting cold and going to the river or lake site before onset of the illness (with ORs of 13.75 and 12.20, respectively). Infection with Campylobacter jejuni associated strongly with the illness (with an OR of 9.5, P < 0.001). Thirty-five of the 51 cases had precursor symptoms before onset of the illness (68.6%). CONCLUSION: It suggests that occurrence of GBS may correlate to infection with Campylobacter jejuni and poor personal hygiene in children.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗