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Biomedical subjects

Z Rumboldt

Publications and source records attributed to Z Rumboldt.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Favorable effects of glibenclamide in a patient exhibiting idiosyncratic hepatotoxic reactions to both chlorpropamide and tolbutamide.

A middle-aged diabetic woman after four weeks of chlorpropamide treatment developed cholestatic hepatitis with systemic manifestations of idiosyncratic reaction. After recovery, unintended rechallenge with the same drug induced a brisk exacerbation of the symptoms and signs that reversed completely following chlorpropamide withdrawal. Tolbutamide medication was subsequently well tolerated for several weeks, followed by another flare of cholestatic liver lesion and cutaneous eruption with eosinophilia (after each reaction the patient was treated with insulin). Eventually glibenclamide (glyburide) was instituted resulting in very satisfactory control of diabetes, with no untoward reaction.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The impact of war upon the pupils' growth in southern Croatia.

In order to assess the influence of war calamities on the pupils' growth rate, the height, weight, and relative weight of children from Split at the time of entering two major elementary schools (age about 6.5 years) and some 10 months later, during the two pre-war years (i.e. 1988/1989 and 1989/1990) and the two years of the war against Croatia (i.e. 1990/1991 and 1991/1992) were compared. A notable increase in body weight, ranging from 12.24 to 14.50% (compared with 8.57-11.93%; t = 1.23, P > 0.05), but not in height was observed in the first, and a significant acceleration in the longitudinal growth (4.53-4.73% as compared with 3.38-4.24%; t = 4.01, P < 0.01) but not in weight gain was noted in the second war year. These unexpected findings lead to a conclusion that the war atrocities may affect the children's growth rate differently, depending on the amount and quality of the consumed food, on the level of energy expenditure, and possibly on the variable impact of emotional stress.

Anthropometry↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Effect of the menstrual cycle and ondansetron on postoperative nausea and vomiting].

The incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) has been studied in a prospective group of 92 female patients in the generative period, undergoing thyroid surgery. In a subgroup of 47 examinees we analyzed PONV incidence according to the surgery time within the frame of their menstrual cycle. The highest number was observed in periovulatory and premenstrual periods (p < 0.02). In the formal trial, 24 patients that randomly received ondansetron (8 mg in 4 mL i.v.) and significantly less PONV than their 21 placebo controls (4 mL saline i.v.): 4 or 16.8% vs. 11 or 53.6% (p < 0.04).

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Dr. Frano Bulic].

Professor Frano Bulić was born in Split, Croatia, in 1906; in the same town he died in 1984. Out of his 78 years, some 30 he spent in Split, 17 in Zagreb, four in Sarajevo, and 25 in Belgrade, while the remaining two he was fighting all over the country in the antifascist was. Bulić was beloved professor of medicine at the medical schools of Zagreb, Sarajevo (he was actually one of the founders of this very school), and Belgrade. Learning and lecturing in many European countries, he published more than 50 original papers and several textbook chapters. Professor's achievements were particularly prominent in the fields of nephrology (endemic nephropathy, "trench" nephritis), endocrinology (pituitary and suprarenal abnormalities) and metabolism (malnutrition, analysis of the plasma proteins).

Croatia↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The effect of meterological factors on the manifestation of myocardial infarct in the coastal region of central Dalmatia].

The influence of mediterranean climate on the onset of myocardial infarction (MI) was investigated. The study comprised 1306 MI patients from the coastal part of Middle Dalmatia admitted to the two hospitals in Split in 1981-1987 period. Myocardial infarction incidence during south-wind was significantly greater then during north-wind (chi 2 = 5.6; < 0.05) as well as during all non-south-wind days (chi 2 = 11.6; p < 0.001). The coefficients of partial correlation show mild but still significant connection of MI incidence with increased air temperature (rt = 0.064; p < 0.05) and relative humidity (rh = 0.064; p < 0.05). Cross-correlation with shift also revealed mild connection of MI incidence with increased temperature within four days before and on the day of incident (r = 0.023-0.034; p < 0.05). The analysis of synoptical situations in the days with greatest number of MI's (4 to 6) ascertained the characteristics of unstable weather when passing atmospheric front caused a change in the type of weather. The results suggest that coronary patients should stay at home during the south-wind passing atmospheric front, avoid physical stress and take more often antianginal drugs.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Comparison of captopril and lisinopril in the treatment of mild and moderate hypertension].

The antihypertensive efficacy and safety of lisinopril (L), a novel ACE inhibitor, was compared to captopril (C), the known and already approved drug in our country in a multicenter double-blind Yugoslav trial. The study included 91 mild-to-moderate hypertensive patients of both sexes. Forty-six patients were randomized to receive captopril and 45 lisinopril. After a 2 week placebo, the examinees were administered either L in increasing dose of 10, 20, or 40 mg per day (amount necessary to achieve normotension), or C in a dosage of 25, 50, or 100 mg per day. During the 8 week formal trial L decreased the systolic blood pressure by an average of 14.9% from the initial values, and the diastolic pressure by some 15.2%. The same parameters were lowered on C by 11.2%, and 11.7%, respectively. Although the L effects were more pronounced, the observed differences did not reach the level of statistical significance (except for the dose-to-normotension relationship which was significantly better in the L group). It is concluded that both ACEIs under study showed comparable efficacy and tolerability, L being marginally more potent, and longer acting.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Apparent diffusion coefficients for differentiation of cerebellar tumors in children.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps provide information at MR imaging that may reflect cell attenuation and integrity. We hypothesized that cerebellar tumors in children can be differentiated by their ADC values. METHODS: Brain MR imaging studies that included ADC maps were retrospectively reviewed in 32 patients with histologically proved cerebellar neoplasm. There were 17 juvenile pilocytic astrocytomas (JPA), 8 medulloblastomas, 5 ependymomas, and 2 rhabdoid (atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor [AT/RT]) tumors. Absolute ADC values of contrast-enhancing solid tumor regions and ADC ratios (ADC of solid tumor to ADC of normal-appearing white matter) were compared with the histologic diagnosis. ADC values and ratios of JPAs, medulloblastomas, and ependymomas were compared by using a 2-tailed t test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). RESULTS: ADC values were significantly higher in pilocytic astrocytomas (1.65 +/- 0.27) (mean +/- SD) than in ependymomas (1.10 +/- 0.11) (P = .0003) and medulloblastomas (0.66 +/- 0.15) (P < .0001). Ependymomas demonstrated significantly higher ADC values than medulloblastomas (P = .0005). The observed differences were statistically significant on ANOVA (P < .001). ADC ratios were also significantly different among these 3 tumor types. AT/RT ADC values were similar to medulloblastoma. The range of ADC values and ratios within JPAs and ependymomas did not overlap with that of medulloblastomas. CONCLUSION: Assessment of ADC values of enhancing solid tumor is a simple and reliable technique for preoperative differentiation of cerebellar tumors in pediatric patients. Our cutoff values of >1.4 x 10(3) mm(2)/s for JPA and <0.9 x 10(3) mm(2)/s for medulloblastoma were 100% specific.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Controlled comparison of nicardipine and propranolol in the treatment of arterial hypertension].

A randomized collective comparative study between nicardipine (N) and propranolol (P) was conducted over a period of 7 weeks in thirty hypertensive patients of both sexes, aged from 20 to 65 years, with the diastolic pressure over 100, but below 120 mmHg. Thirteen examinees were given N (60-120 mg daily) and seventeen P (120-240 mg daily); the groups were comparable according to a series of relevant parameters. In the placebo-period the mean arterial pressure (MAP) was slightly lowered, by 4.4% (p greater than 0.20). MAP was, however, considerably lowered already at the end of the second week of active treatment both in the N group (from 135.1 +/- 7.4 to 116 +/- 10.8 mmHg, or by 19.1%; P less than 0.01), as well as in the P group (from 131.6 +/- 8.1 to 117 +/- 9.1 mmHg, by an average of 11.1%; P less than 0.05). The values continued to decrease, and at the end of the seventh week of the study MAP averaged 108.5 +/- 6.5 mmHg (-19.7%; P less than 0.01) in the N group, while it was 109.7 +/- 9.1 mmHg (-16.6%; P less than 0.01) in the P group. The heart rate became considerably slower in the P group only, from the initial 84.5 +/- 9.2 to 66.9 +/- 2.7 beats per minute at the end of the seventh week (-20.8%; P less than 0.01), but it was unexpectedly, although not significantly lowered also in the N group, from the initial 78.3 +/- 6.5 to 74.2 +/- 4.0 beats (-5.2%; P greater than 0.20).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Blood Pressure↗