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Biomedical subjects

Z Papp

Publications and source records attributed to Z Papp.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

The prevalence of affective and anxiety disorders in primary care practice in Hungary.

The lifetime and point prevalence of affective and anxiety disorders were investigated with the aid of the DIS questionnaire in 15 primary care practices among patients aged 18 to 60. According to the DSM-III-R criteria, 43% of the eligible 301 patients had had some kind of affective or anxiety disorder till the time of the assessment. Major depression was found to be the most common lifetime diagnosis (18%). At the time of the investigation 15% of the patients were suffering from affective or anxiety disorder (point prevalence) calling for clinical therapy. Females had significantly higher numbers of lifetime and point diagnoses of affective and anxiety disorders. Sixty percent of patients failed to report psychiatric complaints to their doctor, and in social phobia this figure was as high as 87%. Our results are in accordance with international findings and underline the need to diagnose and treat psychiatric patients already at the stage of the primary care service.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Obstetric anaesthesia in Hungary.

A nation-wide survey of pain relief in childbirth in Hungary was carried out in 1993. Information was provided on 104 137 deliveries in 98 units. The frequencies of different methods of pain relief for vaginal delivery were as follows: systemic opiates in 7387 cases (8.3%), epidural analgesia in 4611 cases (5.2%) and inhalational analgesia (nitrous oxide) in 4470 cases (5%). Epidural analgesia was available in 36 units (36.7%). For 71 744 vaginal deliveries (80.5%) no pain relief was provided at all. For caesarean section (n = 13240) the rate of spinal or epidural anaesthesia was 36.7%. It was concluded that despite an increasing rate of pain relief in labour elsewhere, the numbers of epidurals are still rather low in Hungary.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1997

Measurement of radon decay products and thoron decay products in air by beta counting using end-window Geiger-Muller counter.

A new grab sampling method has been developed for the simultaneous measurement of radon decay products and thoron decay products in air. It is based on direct beta counting of filtered aerosol sample over successive time intervals by end-window Geiger-Muller counter. Defined solid angle absolute counting was used to evaluate the efficiencies for the decay products one by one. Absolute activity concentrations can be determined with less than 10% systematic error. Glass-fiber filter, high sampling flow rate, and long duration of sampling can be used, as a result of which the detection limits are about 0.1, 0.2, and 0.01 Bq m(-3) for 214Pb, 214Bi, and 212Pb, respectively. Indoor saturated activity concentrations were measured in 86 buildings in Ajka town, Hungary, where industrial wastes rich in uranium had been used as building materials. Elevated radon decay product levels were found in houses built before 1960. Radon gas concentration was also measured simultaneously in 26 cases and the minimum, maximum, and average values of the equilibrium factor were 0.17, 0.73, and 0.40, respectively.

Air Pollutants, Radioactive↗
PubMed1997

Direct determination of 90Sr and 147Pm in Chernobyl hot particles collected in Kiev using beta absorption method.

59 hot particles were collected in Kiev, Ukraine, in 1987. All but one were prepared from a moss carpet of 360 cm2 area. Radionuclide composition of the hot particles was investigated by gamma-spectrometry and beta absorption method. Pure beta emitters 90Sr and 147Pm were determined in 25 hot particles measuring the beta absorption curves of the hot particles with an end-window Geiger-Müller counter and decomposing the curves in order to obtain the contributions of 90Sr and 147Pm to the total beta counting rate. All but one of the hot particles were found to be the debris of the fuel. The activity ratio 90Sr:l44Ce was 0.052 in good agreement with theoretical calculations on core inventories. This means that strontium behaved as a nonvolatile element in the process of the formation of the hot particles investigated. The activity ratio 147Pm:144Ce was 0.078 which is half of the theoretical result. Although 147Pm is considered to be a refractory nuclide, it seems that significant part of 147Pm went to the homogeneous fraction of the general fallout. The surface density of hot particles (of higher than about 50 Bq activity) was about 1,600 m(-2) and that of the activities of the nuclides 90Sr, 106Ru, 134Cs, 137Cs, 144Ce and 147Pm as components of hot particles was 12.2, 54.3, 5.9, 9.7, 234 and 18.3 kBq m(-2) (activity values counted for 26 April 1986), respectively, in downtown Kiev city in 1987.

Beta Particles↗
PubMed1997

Mucosal immunization with recombinant adenoviruses: induction of immunity and protection of cotton rats against respiratory bovine herpesvirus type 1 infection.

To facilitate the evaluation of vaccines against bovine herpesvirus type 1 (BHV-1), a cotton rat model of intranasal (i.n.) BHV-1 infection was established. Cotton rat lung cells were similar to bovine cells in their ability to support BHV-1 replication in vitro. Furthermore, i.n. inoculation of cotton rats with BHV-1 resulted in pulmonary lesions comparable to BHV-1 infection in cattle. Using this model, the potential of i.n. and gastrointestinal (g.i.) immunization was examined with recombinant human adenoviruses expressing glycoprotein D (gD) of BHV-1 to induce protective immunity against BHV-1. The replication-competent virus (gD-dE3) was more efficient than the replication-defective virus (gD-dE1E3) in inducing gD-specific antibody in the serum and in the respiratory tract. Furthermore, i.n. immunization with gD-dE3 stimulated antigen-specific antibody-secreting cells in the lung 12 weeks following immunization. Protection against BHV-1 challenge correlated with gD-specific antibody levels such that i.n. immunization with gD-dE3 conferred complete protection, while g.i. immunization conferred only partial protection of the lungs of most animals against BHV-1 challenge. In comparison, immunization with gD-dE1E3 by either route resulted in only a partial reduction of BHV-1 titre in the respiratory tract. The results obtained demonstrate that mucosal immunization with replication-competent recombinant adenovirus expressing gD of BHV-1 can induce immunity and protection against BHV-1 challenge.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Carotid artery stenosis: optimization of CT angiography with a combination of shaded surface display and source images.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the accuracy of CT angiography of occlusive disease of the carotid arteries using three-dimensional surface-rendered images alone and in conjunction with display of axial source images. METHODS: Forty-eight symptomatic patients had conventional angiography followed by CT angiography within 24 hours. Images of 96 carotid arteries were acquired using contrast-enhanced spiral CT. Image postprocessing was performed on a free-standing workstation to produce 3-D shaded surface display (SSD) images. Two readers independently evaluated the CT angiographic (SSD) images and then reevaluated each case while simultaneously reviewing the SSD and axial source images. Digital subtraction angiograms were evaluated in a separate session and eventually compared with CT angiograms. All evaluations were performed under blinded conditions to control for reader bias. RESULTS: SSD images alone underestimated stenosis relative to angiograms whereas combined SSD and axial images did not. CONCLUSION: SSD angiograms in conjunction with the source images are better than SSD images alone in estimating the degree of stenosis in carotid artery disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Presymptomatic diagnosis of familial colon polyposis.

The gene responsible for familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) has recently been mapped, identified and this makes the presymptomatic molecular diagnosis of the disease possible. It can be performed by direct mutation analysis or indirect haplotype analysis. In families where several affected individuals are available the indirect haplotype analysis is the easiest way for performing presymptomatic diagnosis of persons at risk. Among Hungarian families we have performed haplotype analysis using D5S346, a highly polymorphic dinucleotide CA repeat marker located 30-70 kb downstream from APC gene with the combination of restriction endonuclease Rsal site polymorphism. Marker regions were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and basen on the above-mentioned polymorphic systems, the haplotype at the APC locus was determined. We believe that haplotype analysis of individuals at risk in large FAP families containing several affected members is a rapid, efficient, and highly valuable method for presymptomatic diagnosis of familial colon polyposis.

Adenomatous Polyposis Coli↗
PubMed1996

[Successful twin delivery following reduction of quadruplet pregnancy].

The authors report first time in the Hungarian literature on multifetal pregnancy reduction: a quadruplet pregnancy was reduced to twins on transabdominal way in the 16th week of gestation on request of the parents. The quadruplets resulted from a forcefully induced ovulation. First weeks of gestation were complicated by a severe but effectively treated ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome. Following the successful and uncomplicated intervention the course of pregnancy was undisturbed, two living healthy babies were delivered in the 35th gestation week. Placentae of the liveborn as well as of the stillborn fetuses were pathologically examined. On occasion of the case report theoretical and practical questions of multifetal pregnancy reduction are discussed in details from indications through technical implementation to a review of legal, ethical and also psychological relations of that intervention. A standpoint for the national practice is also framed by the authors.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Induction of systemic and mucosal immune responses in cotton rats immunized with human adenovirus type 5 recombinants expressing the full and truncated forms of bovine herpesvirus type 1 glycoprotein gD.

We generated both replication-incompetent (HAd5-gD-E1 and HAd5-tgD-E1) and replication-competent (HAd5-gD-E3 and HAd5-tgD-E3) human adenovirus type 5 (HAd5) recombinants expressing the full (gD) or truncated form (tgD) of the glycoprotein gD gene of bovine herpevirus type 1 (BHV-1). Recombinant gD and tgD expressed by HAd5-gD-E1 and HAd5-gD-E3 and by HAd5-tgD-E1 and HAd5-tgD-E3, respectively, were recognized by gD-specific monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) directed against linear and conformational epitopes, suggesting that antigenicity of recombinant gD and tgD was similar to that of the native gD expressed in BHV-1 infected cells. In HAd5-gD-E1- or HAd5-gD-E3-inoculated cotton rats there was a strong gD- and HAd5-specific IgG and IgA antibody response. The immune response was significantly lower in animals similarly immunized with HAd5-tgD-E1 or HAd5-tgD-E3, indicating that live adenovirus vaccine vectors may be better suited to the full-length form of glycoprotein gD than its truncated form. After a BHV-1 challenge, no infectious BHV-1 virions were isolated from the trachea of cotton rats previously immunized with HAd5-gD-E1 or HAd5-gD-E3. These results suggest that adenovirus E1 insertion (replication-incompetent) and E3 insertion (replication-competent) vectors have excellent potential for use in developing live recombinant virus vaccines and provide evidence that the cotton rat model can be used in BHV-1 vaccination-challenge trials.

Adenoviruses, Human↗
PubMed1996

[Pre-symptomatic diagnosis of Huntington disease by polymerase chain reaction].

The authors are reporting on the presymptomatic diagnosis of the autosomal dominant Huntington's disease applying the polymerase chain reaction for the first time in Hungary. The detection of the products yielded by polymerase chain reaction was carried out by silver stained polyacrylamide gel. This silver staining gave appropriate result without using radioactive technique. Cause of the disease is the greater number of CAG repeat sequence in the region of the Huntington's disease gene. The number of CAG repeats in Huntington patients is more than 37, while in not affected persons it is less than 34. Four members of two families each were examined and presymptomatic diagnoses were performed in two cases of both families. Normal alleles were detected in all cases. The tests supported the diagnoses of these patients suffering of clinically proved Huntington's disease.

Adult↗