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Z Papp

Publications and source records attributed to Z Papp.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed2001

Genetic components of perinatal morbidity and mortality.

The authors summarize the perinatal effects of the main genetic disorder groupings. Diseases of autosomal dominant inheritance are usually less severe and postnatal life is possible. Diseases of autosomal recessive inheritance are serious in most cases, causing severe symptoms in postnatal life. Diseases of X-linked recessive inheritance manifest themselves in male embryos and may be mild or serious; the more severe forms may influence the perinatal outcome. Diseases of X-linked dominant inheritance occur less frequently and manifest themselves in both sexes: in some cases the life expectancy is not favorable. Chromosomal anomalies, unbalanced rearrangements and autosomal trisomies may cause severe multiplex malformation syndromes and mental retardation. The diseases are serious in most cases and intrauterine mortality is high. Conversely, in cases of numerical differences of the sex chromosomes perinatal mortality does not increase remarkably, except in X-monosomy. Diseases of multifactorial origin lead to isolated malformations, but many civilization diseases originate from similar causes. In a few cases, severe diseases (i.e. congenital heart defects and neural tube defects) occur which may influence the outcome of the pregnancy. In terms of teratogenic effects, taking medication or undergoing X-ray examination or infections during early pregnancy indicates only a small risk in most cases. The authors emphasize that genetic centers significantly influence the perinatal outcome of pregnancies with their complex activity and their role in prenatal diagnostics.

Chromosome Aberrations↗
PubMed2001

Enhanced tumor necrosis factor-alpha-specific and decreased interleukin-10-specific immune responses to LPS during the third trimester of pregnancy in mice.

It is increasingly apparent that there is a bidirectional interaction between the maternal immune system and the reproductive system during pregnancy. Pregnancy is associated with a suppression of maternal specific immune responses, which process underlies the protection of fetal tissues expressing paternally inherited alloantigens. However, recent evidence indicates that the suppression of specific, lymphocyte-mediated immune responses during pregnancy is accompanied by activation of the non-specific arm of the maternal immune response. In the present study, we have investigated the effect of pregnancy on the non-specific immune response induced by bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS, endotoxin) in mice. Pregnancy enhanced the LPS-induced production of proinflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin (IL)-6, and interferon-gamma. On the other hand, LPS-induced levels of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 were suppressed in pregnant mice. These alterations in cytokine production correlated with an increased susceptibility for endotoxemic mortality in the pregnant mice. Although adrenergic receptors are important regulators of cytokine production in non-pregnant mice, the alpha(2)- and the beta-adrenoceptor-mediated modulation of cytokine production ceases to operate during pregnancy associated with severe endotoxemia. These data may explain how excessive activation of the non-specific immune responses during pregnancy can contribute to the increased severity of some maternal diseases, including septic shock, and can be an important pathophysiological factor in disseminated intravascular coagulation or preeclampsia.

Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists↗
PubMed2001

[Ovarian carcinoma of low malignant potential treated at the 1(st) Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Semmelweis University Faculty of Medicine, between 1990 and 2000]

The authors analyzed the epidemiologic and histological characteristics and the management of ovarian carcinoma of low malignant potential (LMP) at a university hospital between 1990 and 2000. The authors carried out a retrospective study reviewing hospital charts. Based on the records experience with 29 such tumors is peresented. Of these 20 (74%) were of the serous variety, 7 (26%) were mucinous. LMP tumors accounted for 16% of proliferating epithelial ovarian tumors. They occured at a mean age of 45 years. The LMP tumors were bilateral in 12% of the cases. The majority of patients (87%) with LMP tumors presented with early stage disease. Tumor markers such as CA-125 were not always elevated as in invasive ovarian carcinoma. Laboratory investigations have not demonstrated that these tumors represent an intermediate step between benign ovarian tumors and carcinoma. The recommended therapy is surgical, consisting of total abdominal hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, peritoneal washings, and tumor debulking. Conservative surgery consisting of unilateral salpingo-oophorectomy is considered to be an appropriate treatment for young women with early stage LMP ovarian tumors who wish to retain their fertility potential. 50 percent of women who underwent conservative surgery subsequently conceived in this study. There were no recurrences in the study group, so the authors conclude that the long term outcome of LMP tumors is extremely favorable.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2001

Assessment of myometrial and cervical invasion of endometrial cancer by transvaginal sonography.

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to determine the efficiency of transvaginal ultrasonography in the assessment of myometrial invasion and cervical involvement (preoperative staging) of endometrial cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Transvaginal ultrasonography was performed on 52 women to classify endometrial cancer with respect to myometrial invasion and cervical involvement according to the International Federation of Gynaecologists and Obstetricians recommendations for surgical staging of endometrial cancer. Endometrial cancer was diagnosed on the basis of dilatation and curettage and the degree of invasion was evaluated preoperatively by transvaginal ultrasonography. Ultrasonographic findings were compared to the surgical staging and histopathology of the surgical specimen. RESULTS: Myometrial invasion evaluated by transvaginal sonography was accurate in 46 of 52 cases (accuracy 88%, sensitivity 86%, specificity 90%, positive predictive value 92%, negative predictive value 83%). Tumor extension to the cervix was properly diagnosed in seven of ten women in which it was present. CONCLUSION: Transvaginal ultrasonography is a reliable method for assessing myometrial invasion and cervical involvement. This non-invasive method should be included as an important tool in the establishment of individualized treatment programs for women with endometrial cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Successful enucleation of a necrotizing fibroid causing oligohydramnios and fetal postural deformity in the 25th week of gestation. A case report.

BACKGROUND: In approximately 2% of pregnancies, uterine fibroids are detected. In 10% of diagnosed cases some complications are to be expected during pregnancy and/or delivery. CASE: A 32-year-old woman presented in the 25th week of gestation with a fibroid causing oligohydramnios and fetal postural deformity. A laparotomy and conservative myomectomy were performed with the hope of preserving the pregnancy. Ultrasound examinations performed postoperatively showed that the fetal postural deformity had ended and that the pace of fetal development had returned to normal. A healthy, male newborn weighing 3,600 g was born in the 40th week of gestation via cesarean section. CONCLUSION: The medical literature generally agrees upon conservative therapy; however, there are indications for laparotomy performed during the course of pregnancy complicated by a fibroid. In this case the fetal postural deformity, retardation in development and oligohydramnios, recognized preoperatively, provided indications for laparotomy. The success of the operation was established by postoperative sonography, which showed cessation of the fetal postural deformity and registered a normal volume of amniotic fluid.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

The immunogenicity and efficacy of replication-defective and replication-competent bovine adenovirus-3 expressing bovine herpesvirus-1 glycoprotein gD in cattle.

Replication-competent and replication-defective bovine adenovirus type 3 recombinants expressing the bovine herpesvirus type 1 (BHV-1) glycoprotein D (gD) were tested for induction of gD specific immune responses in calves using intratracheal (1st and 2nd immunization) and sub-cutaneous (3rd immunization) route of immunization. The replication-defective recombinant BAV501 induced systemic immune responses against gD as low titers of anti gD-IgG were detected in the serum. However, the efficacy of the replication-competent BAV3.E3gD to induce gD-specific antibodies in the serum and the nasal secretions was superior to that of replication-defective BAV501 when both viruses were given at the same dosage. Partial protection from challenge was induced in calves immunized with replication-competent BAV3.E3gD. A dramatic increase in the titers of anti-gD IgG and IgA levels, both in serum and nasal secretions, following BHV-1 challenge (anamnestic response) suggested that the animals immunized with replication-defective BAV501 had been primed for gD-specific antibody responses.

Adenoviridae↗
PubMed2000

[Professional and ethical challenges in reproductive biology and genetics at the beginning of the ne millennium].

About 15 to 20 percent of couples are infertile. Developments in reproductive biology have enabled treatment of these couples by means of assisted reproduction. In a broader sense, assisted reproductive technologies involve all methods aiming to restore impaired reproductive function. Preimplantation genetic testing, a new form of prenatal diagnosis, is a result of convergency in the development of assisted reproduction and genetics, and allows couples at risk of transferring hereditary diseases to their offspring to diagnose such abnormalities as early as immediately before or after conception. This article describes technologies of assisted reproduction and preimplantation genetic diagnosis, and discusses ethical as well as legal issues in reproductive medicine.

Bioethics↗
PubMed2000

[Mutation analysis of the beta-catenin gene in epithelial carcinomas of the ovaries].

beta-catenin is a continuously expressed cytoplasmic protein that has an important role is both E-cadherin-mediated cell-cell adhesion and in activation of Wnt/Wingless transcriptional pathway. The accumulation of stabilized beta-catenin caused by the mutation of the exon 3 of beta-catenin gene can stimulate the T-cell factor/Lymphoid enhancing factor-mediated transcriptional activation. The activation of transcriptional pathway may through oncogenes is an important step of the oncogenesis in solid tumors. In this study we analyzed mutations in exon 3 of the beta-catenin gene in 18 sporadic epithelial ovarian tumors. Three mutations were found from these 18 ovarian tumor samples which contained 8 serous, 3 mucinous, 5 endometrioid, one malignant Brenner-type tumor and one transitional cell carcinoma. Two mutations occurred in endometrioid-type (in 47 and 55 codons) and one in serous-type (in 47 codon) ovarian carcinomas, and both mutations were missense and somatic. The patients with mutated beta-catenin gene appeared from the younger patients under the age of 50. Our results suggest that the stabilization of beta-catenin protein by the mutation of CTNNB1 gene can contribute to the multistep process of the oncogenesis of epithelial ovarian tumors. Furthermore these mutations mostly occurs in the endometrioid-type of EOT, but can appear in other types such as serous-type ovarian tumor.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[Pre- and perinatal aspects of hemophilia A and B].

Authors investigate in a retrospective study obstetrical and genetical data in 20 years period of 149 pregnancies of patients turning to genetical counselling because of haemophilia A and B. In case of heterozygote mother there have been fetal determination of sex, and in case of male fetus, there have been DNA examination in 23 of the 35 cases. In case of sick male fetus the couple made a decision on keeping the pregnancy or not, knowing well the genetical risk. Haemophilia A occurred in case of 135 pregnancies (98 pregnancies of 55 heterozygote mothers, and 37 pregnancies from 20 sick fathers). Haemophilia B occurred in case of 14 pregnancies (9 pregnancies of 3 heterozygote mothers, and 5 pregnancies from 4 sick fathers). In case of haemophilia A heterozygote pregnant women there were 32 proven male fetuses, and in 22 cases there have been DNA examinations. In 16 cases there have been artificial abortions (in 10 cases proven disease by DNA examination), and 4 sick male newborns were born from the 16 deliveries (the disease was proven during pregnancy by DNA examination). One male newborn (healthy) was born from the 3 proven male fetuses of haemophilia B heterozygote pregnant women, in 2 cases there have been artificial abortions (in one case on the basis of DNA diagnostics). In cases of heterozygote mothers (haemophilia A and B altogether) the ration of the spontaneous abortions was 13.1%. The rations of the premature deliveries (8.2%) and the Caesarean sections (8.2%) were not higher than the national average. The ration of the bleeding complications during pregnancy was 18.7%, in 2.7% of the cases transfusion was necessary. In case of sickness of the father (in heterozygote female fetuses the haemostasis may change from the fetal side) the ration of the bleeding complications during pregnancy was 18.2%. In connection with delivery, obstetrical bleeding complications occurred in 12.2%, atonia in 2%, abrasion after delivery in 4.1, transfusion in 10.2% in cases both of haemophilia A and B heterozygote mothers. From the neonatological complications in one case there was cerebral haemorrhage, and in one case bleeding from the umbilical stump. (Both newborns were male with haemophilia.) In connection with delivery there was no haematoma developing on the skull of the newborns, there was no need of giving transfusion. In case of sickness of the fathers the ration of the instrumental uterine examination was 6.7%, there were no neonatological and other obstetrical complications.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed2000

[Prevalence of mood and anxiety disorders in the Hungarian adult population].

The prevalence rates of affective and anxiety disorders in the Hungarian adult population were assessed with a well-structured questionnaire which has been successfully applied in several multinational epidemiological studies. The Hungary material showed significantly higher lifetime and period prevalence rates of bipolar disorders than is found in most of related literature. However, the frequency of other affective disorders and the anxiety states strongly corresponded with international findings.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Calpain-I induced alterations in the cytoskeletal structure and impaired mechanical properties of single myocytes of rat heart.

OBJECTIVE: The involvement of Calpain-I mediated proteolysis has been implicated in myofibrillar dysfunction of reperfused myocardium following ischemia (stunning). This study addresses the question whether ultrastructural alterations might be responsible for the depressed contractility. METHODS: Mechanical properties and protein composition of isolated myocytes after Calpain-I exposure (1.25 U/ml; 10 min; 15 degrees C; pCa 5.0) and of ischemic rat hearts following reperfusion were characterized. RESULTS: Maximal isometric force (44 +/- 5 kN/m2) at pCa 4.5 (pCa = -log[Ca2+]) decreased by 42.5% in Triton permeabilized myocytes (n = 11) after Calpain-I treatment. Force (and consequent myofilament disarrangement) during Calpain-I treatment was prevented by 40 mM BDM. The contractile force of Calpain-I exposed myocytes was significantly higher at submaximal levels of activation (pCa 5.5, 5.4 and 5.3) before maximal force development (pCa 4.5) than after maximal force development. The pCa50 value (5.40 +/- 0.02) determined from these initial test contractures did not differ significantly from that of untreated controls (5.44 +/- 0.03). However, after full activation Ca(2+)-sensitivity of force production in Calpain-I treated myocytes was significantly reduced (pCa50 5.34 +/- 0.02). This change in pCa50 was positively correlated with the reduction in maximal isometric force and was accompanied by sarcomere disorder. These findings imply that at least part of the Calpain-I induced mechanical alterations are dependent on force history. Measurements of the rate of force redevelopment after unloaded shortening suggested that Calpain-I did not affect cross-bridge kinetics. SDS gel electrophoresis and Western immunoblotting of Calpain-I treated myocytes revealed desmin degradation. The desmin content of postischemic myocardium was also reduced. CONCLUSION: Our results indicate that ultrastructural alterations may play an important role in the Calpain-I mediated cardiac dysfunction.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Maternal and neonatal outcome of preeclamptic pregnancies: the potential roles of factor V Leiden mutation and 5,10 methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the potential perinatal effects of Factor V Leiden mutation and 5,10 methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T polymorphism in preeclamptic women. STUDY DESIGN: One hundred twenty preeclamptic women (N = 120) and 101 healthy pregnant controls (N = 101) were recruited and evaluated for frequency of Leiden and 5,10 methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) mutations using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Perinatal outcomes were then recorded and analyzed for all study participants and their neonates. RESULTS: Laboratory analysis yielded 22 (18.33%) heterozygous carriers of Factor V Leiden mutation among preeclamptic women and 3 (2.97%) heterozygous carriers among the healthy controls; differences between the two groups were found to be statistically significant [p < 0.001, the relative risk (RR) = 6.17, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) = 1.90-20.02]. Homozygous MTHFR mutations were found in 8 of 120 (6.67%) preeclamptic women and in 6 of the 101 (5.94%) healthy controls evaluated. Among preeclamptic women, episodes of hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelet (HELLP) syndrome were reported in 7 of 22 (31.81%) of those with Factor V Leiden mutation and in 11 of 98 (11.22%) of those who were negative for the mutation. Group differences were determined to be statistically significant (p < 0.015, RR = 2.83, 95% CI = 1.24-6. 48). Perinatal indicators collected from the two groups included frequency of intrauterine growth retardation, birth weight, and gestational age. No statistically different perinatal outcomes were found between Factor V Leiden positive and negative preeclamptic women. In addition, MTHFR gene polymorphism did not appear to be correlated with the development of preeclampsia. CONCLUSION: Although the frequency of Factor V Leiden mutation appears to be significantly higher among preeclamptic women, the mechanism of pathogenesis and potential influence on perinatal outcomes is not yet well understood. Relatively high rates of HELLP syndrome among those with Factor V Leiden mutation suggest that this thrombogene mutation may play a significant role in hemostatic system activation. Our results suggest that the role of MTHFR polymorphism and other factors such as folic acid supplementation will require more extensive analysis in controlling worldwide morbidity and mortality associated with this important maternal condition.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Transtracheal administration of interleukin-12 induces neutrophil responses in the murine lung.

Although the roles of interleukin-12 (IL-12) in the immunomodulation of antigen-specific responses are well characterized, the effects of IL-12 on the respiratory tract following mucosal administration are not well defined. Therefore, we investigated changes in the murine lung shortly after intranasal (i.n.) administration of murine IL-12. We showed that IL-12 induced neutrophil influx to the murine lung in both C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice. Histologic examination revealed that intranasal administration of IL-12 with liposomes induced focal neutrophil infiltration into the alveoli and a significant increase in neutrophils in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids when compared with administration of liposomes alone. In vitro chemotaxis assays indicated that the observed pulmonary neutrophil response induced by IL-12 could have been due in part to the direct chemotactic activity of IL-12 for murine neutrophils.

Administration, Intranasal↗
PubMed2000

Effect of dietary T-2 fusariotoxin concentrations on the health and production of white Pekin duck broilers.

The effects of different dietary levels of T-2 toxin on production, biological, immunological, and pathological parameters of growing white Pekin ducks were studied to establish the "no effect" dietary concentration of, and "no effect" exposure time to, pure T-2 toxin. Day-old white Pekin ducks were randomly allotted to nine groups of 10 ducks each. One group served as a control, and no mycotoxin was added to its feed. The feeds of the experimental groups were supplemented with 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, and 4.0 mg purified T-2 toxin/kg, respectively, from Day 1 until Day 49 of the experiment. Dermatotoxic oral lesions developed in most experimental ducks within 2 d after the start of feeding T-2 toxin-contaminated feeds. The gradual disappearance of macroscopic signs indicated the development of tolerance in groups treated with the lower T-2 toxin content. No repair was found in the 3 and 4 mg/kg groups. Dietary concentrations of T-2 toxin below 0.4 mg/kg had no effect on the average weekly weight gain in the first 6 wk, but a severe decrease was found in the last week of the experiment. The 0.6 mg/kg dietary T-2 toxin had no effect on weight gain in the first 3 wk. At Week 4 and later, the weekly weight gain was significantly reduced, and the final live weight of this group was also significantly lower than that of the control. Dietary T-2 concentrations of 1 mg/kg and greater uniformly depressed growth rate. Only the 3 and 4 mg/kg groups refused feed during the first week. From Week 3 on, the feed intakes of the 0.6 to 4 mg/kg groups were usually less than that of the control group, indicating feed refusal. Serum and plasma chemical values and hematological parameters failed to show dose-dependent effects. The blastogenic response of lymphocytes to nonspecific and specific mitogens was distinctly impaired by the T-2 toxin at all levels in the feed. In the 3 and 4 mg/kg groups, the histological examination revealed lymphocyte depletion in the spleen and bursa of Fabricius.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed2000

Apolipoprotein E allele distribution in trisomy 13, 18, and 21 conceptuses in a Hungarian population.

Reports documented a higher frequency of apolipoprotein E (apoE) allele epsilon 4 among mothers of children diagnosed with Down syndrome. We studied the prevalence of apoE alleles among 56 conceptuses with trisomy 13, trisomy 18, or trisomy 21. The presence of the 3 most common apoE alleles (epsilon 2, epsilon 3, epsilon 4) was determined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism, and trisomy status was detected by fluorescent polymerase chain reaction followed by DNA fragment analysis and by conventional cytologic methods. We found no significant difference in the distribution of apoE alleles in the group of trisomy 21 fetuses compared with samples from healthy blood donors. The odds of having trisomy 18 for the apoE epsilon 4 group was 3-fold as high as for apoE epsilon 3 allele compared with the healthy control group. Furthermore, a statistically significant association was found for those with trisomy 18 and apoE epsilon 4, while for those with trisomy 13 and apoE epsilon 4, the test showed no significant association. The observed apoE allele epsilon 3 frequencies among patients with Down syndrome and healthy control subjects may help explain and support previous work that did not find high rates of atherosclerosis among these persons. The role of apoE alleles in the development of trisomies needs further study.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Influence of inorganic phosphate and pH on sarcoplasmic reticular ATPase in skinned muscle fibres of Xenopus laevis.

1. The influence of 30 mM inorganic phosphate (Pi) and pH (6.2-7.4) on the rate of ATP utilization was determined in mechanically skinned bundles of myofibrils from the iliofibularis muscle of Xenopus laevis at approximately 5 C. 2. BDM (2,3-butanedione monoxime; 10 mM) depressed isometric force production and actomyosin (AM) ATPase activity equally. Therefore sarcoplasmic reticular (SR) ATPase activity could be determined by extrapolation of the total ATPase activity to zero force. 3. The SR ATPase activity without added Pi at pH 7.1 was 42 +/- 2 % of the total ATPase activity. Addition of 30 mM Pi reduced SR ATPase activity slightly, by 9 +/- 5 %, and depressed force by 62 +/- 2 % and AM ATPase activity by 21 +/- 6 %. 4. At pH 6.2, force, SR ATPase activity and AM ATPase activity were reduced by 21 +/- 5, 61 +/- 5 and 10 +/- 4 % of their respective values at pH 7.1. 5. The SR ATPase activity at 30 mM Pi and pH 6.2 was reduced markedly to 20 +/- 6 % of the value under control conditions, suggesting that the maximum rate of Ca2+ uptake during muscle fatigue was strongly depressed. This reduction was larger than expected on the basis of the effects of Pi and pH alone.

Adenosine Triphosphatases↗
PubMed1999

[Practice of fetal pathological examination].

Authors report on the practice and most important genetic questions of fetopathological examinations. A so called genetic-morphologic approach is suggested. The observer needs special knowledge to recognize major and minor signs of defects in fetuses in the second, or sometimes even in the first trimester. Spontaneous abortions in the first trimester are caused mainly by chromosome aberrations. In the second trimester the main causes of spontaneous abortions are maternal in origin or secondary to intrauterine infection. Medical legal aspects are also reviewed. For proper documentation a photo or X-ray must be taken. Cytogenetic and molecular genetic methods are also very important tools, therefore examination must be performed before fixation. For the first time in Hungary fetal biometric data are presented with correlation between gestational age and different organ weights. Our aim is to promote better understand of fetal malformations and disorders.

Abortion, Induced↗