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Biomedical subjects

Z Gralewski

Publications and source records attributed to Z Gralewski.

24 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Doppler ultrasonography for evaluation of the reactivity of cerebral vessels].

Using ultrasonographic measurements based on Doppler's phenomenon the author determined in 86 subjects the velocity of blood flow in the common carotid arteries before and after breathing 6% CO2. Acceleration of blood flow resulting from dilation of cerebral blood vessels was observed in all healthy subjects up to the age of 45 years. In older subjects the vasomotor reaction was sometimes absent, significantly more frequently in cases of past cerebrovascular accidents. These results indicate absence of vasomotor reserve in most patients with disturbances of cerebral circulation. The used method of investigation makes possible, in view of its simplicity and non-invasiveness, a more widespread determination of cerebral vascular reactions in clinical studies.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Use of Doppler ultrasonography of the common carotid artery in the assessment of the cerebrovascular circulation in patients following stroke].

The author investigated the blood flow in the common carotid arteries by means of Doppler ultrasonography in 98 patients after stroke. An UDP 10 ultrasound flow detector was used and the results obtained in patients dying during the treatment were compared with those who were discharged improved. In the cases with lethal outcome considerable (over 30%) asymmetry of blood flow was found, usually but not always with slowing of this flow on the side of the lesion. Diastolic blood flow was in this group significantly lower on the side of the cerebral lesion and compared with the group with favourable outcome. Other differences were not characteristic. The results of these investigations showed that in patients with a high-grade asymmetry of blood flow in the common carotid arteries and impairment of brain perfusion evidenced by slowing down of the diastolic blood flow the course of the stroke is often more severe. This may be of prognostic significance.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Doppler ultrasonography of the common carotid artery in persons of different age].

The author carried out ultrasonography of the common carotid arteries by the method based on Doppler's phenomenon in 100 subjects aged 16--86 years. The maximal, minimal and mean flow velocity, vascular resistance, and symmetry and shape of the recorded curve were evaluated. Early and progressing with age changes were found in the curve indicating decreasing vascular wall elasticity. The maximal flow velocity decreased also rapidly. On the other hand, the mean and the minimal flow velocity and the index of vascular resistance remained without substantial changes up to the age of 70 years. In later age the minimal and mean flow velocity decreased rapidly and the index of vascular resistance increased greatly. This suggested accelerated rate of atherosclerosis development and/or exhaustion of compensatory mechanisms. In 3 cases of considerable asymmetry of the curve was observed caused by asymptomatic stenosis of one artery. Doppler ultrasonography could be useful at the time of intensification and evolution of atherosclerotic changes in the carotid arteries, and their effect on the condition of cerebral circulation.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Venous Doppler ultrasonography in early diagnosis of lower limb thrombophlebitis in stroke].

Patients with brain strokes are particularly prone to development of venous thrombosis in the paretic extremities, and the diagnosis of this thrombosis is very difficult. This raises the risk of pulmonary embolism. The authors studied venous circulation in 50 patients with brain strokes using the method of ultrasonography based on Doppler's phenomenon. Signs of venous thrombosis were demonstrated in 11 cases. Venous thrombosis was diagnosed when the following signs were simultaneously present: slowing down of venous flow of considerable degree (by above 50%), abolition of cyclic fluctuations in flow velocity depending in respiration, and absence of blood flow acceleration after pressure exerted on muscles. Thrombosis can be diagnosed, frequently, before the appearance of local signs or in case of doubtful clinical manifestations. Doppler ultrasonography is a simple diagnostic method which can be repeated without restrictions and makes possible conduction of motor rehabilitation of patients under steady control of venous circulation. Owing to this venous thrombosis can be diagnoses early and treated accordingly reducing the risk of pulmonary embolism.

Adult↗