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Biomedical subjects

Z Farid

Publications and source records attributed to Z Farid.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Diagnosis of human brucellosis with ELISA.

ELISA tests for total (IgG + IgM + IgA), IgG, and IgM anti-Brucella antibodies, which utilised only commercially available reagents, were used to diagnose human brucellosis. Assays for total antibodies in sera from 22 patients with confirmed acute brucellosis, 1 patient with probable acute brucellosis, and 3 patients with probable chronic brucellosis gave readings that were more than double those found in hundreds of control sera. All sera from patients with acute and chronic brucellosis had significantly elevated IgG levels. Although there were a few acute patients with IgM levels only slightly higher than those of some controls, most patients with acute disease could readily be differentiated from both the non-brucellosis patients and patients with chronic brucellosis by measuring macroglobulins. Both the IgG and IgM levels of sera from acute patients persisted for at least 8 months. The results of this show that ELISA is an excellent method for screening large populations for Brucella antibodies and for differentiation between the acute and chronic phases of the disease.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1982

Serum enzyme tests in hepatosplenic schistosomiasis.

The serum activities of monoamine oxidase (MAO), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) and glutamic dehydrogenase (GDH) enzymes were measured in 25 patients with Schistosoma mansoni infection (Group I), 26 patients with schistosomal hepatosplenomegaly and ascites (Group II) and 21 normal controls. The activities of these enzymes were compared with those of serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). The mean levels of MAO, GGT and GDH of Group I were not significantly different from controls. The mean levels of MAO and GGT in Group II, however, were significantly different from corresponding mean levels of Group I and the controls at P less than .001. Changes in the mean level of GDH and ALT were not significant. By contrast, the levels of AST and ALP in both groups showed significant elevation over control levels at P less than .001. These results indicate that estimation of the two enzymes MAO and GGT may aid in the biochemical differentiation of the stages of schistosomiasis and their associated hepatic complications.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Oxamniquine versus niridazole for treatment of uncomplicated Schistosoma mansoni infection.

One hundred sixteen male patients with uncomplicated Schistosoma mansoni infection were randomized to treatment with oxamniquine (20 mg/kg a day for 3 days) or niridazole (15 mg/kg a day for 8 days) in an in-hospital study. Fifty-four patients were treated with oxamniquine; no serious drug side effects were noted. Twenty-six percent of children 16 years old and younger were cured, while 85% of adults were cured. Egg reduction was 89%. Sixty-two patients were treated with niridazole; four patients (one child and three adults) had serious side effects which necessitated discontinuing the drug. Seventy-one percent of children and 84% of adults were cured. Egg reduction was 84%. Minor clinical side effects occurred during therapy with both drugs (26% with oxamniquine, 48% with niridazole) but cleared after completion of therapy. Niridazole is the more effective drug for the child with uncomplicated Schistosomiasis mansoni, but oxamniquine is advised for the adult with this disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Ameobic liver abscess presenting as fever of unknown origin (FUO). Serology, isotope scanning and metronidazole therapy in diagnosis and treatment.

In a study of obscure fevers in Cairo, Egypt, 24 cases of hepatic amoebiasis were diagnosed during a 3-year period from 1977-1980. The counterimmunoelectrophoresis amoebic serologic test was positive in 20 of the 24 patients and was very useful in confirming the diagnosis. The four patients in whom the test was negative had been ill for between 1 and 5 months and had been treated with antibiotics and amoebicidal drugs. Technetium-99 liver scanning localized the site and extent of the abscess and was essential for planning therapy. Treatment with metronidazole and tetracycline resulted in rapid clinical improvement in all except one patient. However, improvement did not indicate cure as our results show: nine patients required needle aspiration of the liver abscess, and seven others had to be referred to surgery for abscess drainage. Large abscesses over 10 cm in diameter should be aspirated to avoid relapse or rupture.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Levamisole compared to mebendazole in the treatment of Ancylostoma duodenale in Egypt.

Ancylostoma duodenale in 74 patients and Ascaris lumbricoides in 41 were treated with a single 150 mg dose of levamisole, a single 300 mg dose of mebendazole or the standard three-day regimen of 200 mg mebendazole daily. Levamisole cured all of the 25 hookworm patients and all of the seven Ascaris carriers to whom it was given and is recommended as the drug of choice in Egypt.

Ancylostomiasis↗
PubMed1981

Chronic Salmonella bacteriuria with intermittent bacteremia treated with low doses of amoxicillin or ampicillin.

Amoxicillin and ampicillin were compared at a dose of 250 mg twice daily for 4 weeks to treat Salmonella typhi or Salmonella paratyphi A chronic bacteriuria with intermittent bacteremia. Eleven patients received amoxicillin, and 15 received ampicillin. Concentrations of the two drugs were measured in the urine and serum on treatment days 1, 2, and 7. The urine levels of both antibiotics were maximal 2 h after administration, and minimal levels were 80-fold higher than the S. typhi minimal inhibitory concentration and 20-fold higher than the S. paratyphi A minimal inhibitory concentration. The serum level of amoxicillin was below the minimal inhibitory concentration of S. paratyphi A 6 h after administration on each of the testing days. The serum antibiotic levels of the two drugs showed no cumulative effect at day 2 or day 7. Of the 11 patients treated with amoxicillin, 1 had positive urine cultures during treatment, and 1 treated with ampicillin continued to be symptomatic.. Recurrence of bacteriuria occurred in three of seven patients with persistent bladder calcification. None of the 26 patients in this study had positive blood culture during or after treatment. Amoxicillin and ampicillin at a dose of 250 mg twice daily were equally successful in treating chronic salmonelluria.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Treatment of schistosomiasis mansoni with oxamniquine--five years' experience.

During a 5-year period (1975-1980), 171 male patients aged eight to 58 years infected with Schistosoma mansoni have been treated with oxamniquine on an in-hospital basis. The patients comprised three clinical groups--uncomplicated S. mansoni infection, colonic polyposis due to S. mansoni, and hepatic decompensation due to S. mansoni--all with active infection. After treatment all patients were observed for 12 weeks then evaluated for cure. In the uncomplicated group 40 of 73 children (55%) and 39 of 45 adults (87%) were cured. In the polyps group 24 of 29 patients (83%) were cured and in the decompensated group all 24 patients were cured. The only side effect was a febrile reaction occurring in 65 patients (38%) 3-4 days after treatment was started. This 5 years' experience showed that oxamniquine results in a low cure rate in children but is effective in adults with uncomplicated S. mansoni. In patients with colonic polyposis oxamniquine is safe and well tolerated as initial therapy, particularly in the very ill, debilitated patient. Oxamniquine is clearly the drug of choice in patients with decompensated liver disease and active S. mansoni infection.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Hydrogen ion excretion and urine osmolality in patients with obstructive uropathy secondary to Schistosoma haematobium.

Sixty-one patients with urinary schistosomiasis were studied to determine the effects of obstruction and bacteriuria on renal function. 39 (12 with bacteriuria) had demonstrable obstruction and 22 (5 with bacteriuria) had no obstruction. Total hydrogen ion excretion (T.H.+) for obstructed patients with sterile urine did not differ from that in controls; patients with bacteriuria with and without obstruction had a significantly lower T.H.+ (all P values less than 0.05). Obstructed patients (with or without bacteriuria) had significant impairment of maximal (U max) and minimal (U min) urine osmolality. Patients with bilateral obstruction and bacteriuria had a significantly lower U max (P less than 0.01 than obstructed patients without bacteriuria. The T.H.+ is mainly associated with bacteriuria but that the effects of unilateral or bilateral obstruction and bacteriuria on urine osmolality are additive. These abnormalities are usually corrected after therapy.

Adolescent↗