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Z Dienstbier

Publications and source records attributed to Z Dienstbier.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Radioimmunoscintigraphy in experimental and clinical tumors].

Radioimmunoscintigraphy is a diagnostic method which uses labelled monoclonal antibodies for the visualization of tumourous foci. It is a nuclear medical method which is developing rapidly. The author mentions basic investigations on the bio-distribution of antibodies in animal models as well as review of contemporary clinical studies with the diagnostic use of commercial monoclonal antibodies.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Risks of malignant neoplasms in workers in Czechoslovak uranium mines].

The authors present a historical account on the findings which made it possible to define the most serious occupational disease in miners in uranium mines--bronchogenic carcinoma. In 1952-61 44 cases of lung cancer were reported in conjunction with radioactive substances, in 1962-85 already 1511 patients were recompensated. Z. Vích found in a prospective epidemiological survey that of 4803 workers who left for preventive reasons work places involving risk in 1968-75 20.5% died by 1985. The mortality rate from lung tumors was 3.5 times higher than in the male population of the Czech Republic. The authors analyze occupational risk indicators important for the prevention of this occupational disease. From the medical aspect the restriction of mining in uranium mines is welcome, as the work involves a high risk.

Carcinoma, Bronchogenic↗
PubMed1990

[Prognostic significance of mediastinal involvement and post-therapeutic radiographic changes in the intrathoracic area in Hodgkin's disease].

The prognostic importance of mediastinal affection and its extent was analyzed in a group of 220 patients with Hodgkin's disease in all clinical stages. The results of the total survival period in mediastinal patients are significantly worse, as compared with patients without primary affection of the mediastinum at all evaluated time intervals: in the 5th year after onset of treatment 79% vs. 95% in the 10th, 15th and 20th year 67% vs 86%, 63% vs. 86% and 56% vs. 86%. The survival of patients without a mediastinal tumour does not change after a 10-year period of follow-up, in case of a tumour mass up to 1/3 of the transverse chest diameter it declines from 81% in the 5th year to 59 and to 49% in the 10th and 15th year. In case of extensive mediastinal affection only 61% survive 5 years and 42% survive after 10 years. The differences in survival without signs of the disease are not statistically significant, obviously due to primary radiochemotherapy with alternation of cytostatic combinations. There are no significant differences in the frequency of posttherapeutic X-ray changes in the mediastinal area after primary X-ray therapy alone and after chemotherapy alone, as compared with combined radio-chemotherapy with the incidence of postirradiation changes in 30% of the patients: the incidence of post-irradiation changes is potentiated by the administration of bleomycin, depending on the dose. For evaluation of posttherapeutic X-ray changes in the area of the chest it is essential to monitor the patients by X-ray check-ups with concurrent functional examination of the lungs.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Familial occurrence of Hodgkin's disease].

Of a series of 300 patients with histologically verified Hodgkin's lymphoma, six cases of familial occurrence of the disease involving three families were reported from two clinical centers. In two families the affected patients were next of kin (daughter and father in the first family and two brothers in the third one). The interval between the onset of the disease was 6 years in the first and 4 months in the third family. In the second family an aunt and her niece were affected with an 18 year interval in the onset of the disease. The histological type was identical within the families involved (1 x LP and 2 x NS). Deficiency of cellular immunity was established in all the members of the two Prague families and the expression of HLA-A and B antigens of the MHC was determined in the first family. The involvement of environmental and genetic factors in familial Hodgkin's disease was analyzed also in the light of findings reported in the literature.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[The effect of radiation on thyroid gland function].

In the submitted review the authors discuss briefly the sequelae of irradiation of the thyroid gland. The most frequent postirradiation affection is usually latent hypothyroidism. The risk of the development of carcinoma in the irradiated gland is cca 200-700 cases per 1 million subjects per year per 1 Gy. The latent period is most frequently 15-30 years. Women and children are roughly twice as sensitive. The authors outline also the problem of 131I and its role in disasters of nuclear reactors. It is considered a 10 times weaker cancerogen than external radiation. In the conclusion the authors discuss possibilities of prevention with a more detailed account of the pharmacological block of the thyroid gland. The authors give also recommended doses to be used in the prophylactic administration of potassium iodide.

Female↗
PubMed1989

On the existence of an unambiguous solution in factor analysis of dynamic studies.

Achievement of an unambiguous solution in factor analysis of dynamic radionuclide studies depends on constraints reflecting the known properties of factors. The constraints should be tight enough to prevent ambiguity but sufficiently general in order to ensure the data-based derivation of factors. In dynamic scintigraphy, the non-negativity of factors is their essential property which is implied by the physical nature of measured quantities. Considering factors as the images of compartments in the distribution space of a radiopharmaceutical (i.e. performing the factor analysis in the spatial domain), a powerful additional constraint can be applied. This constraint is based on the presence of segments in the image matrix where the subtotal number of compartments is projected. Using this constraint, the existence of physiologically related unique solution in factor analysis can be proved providing the number of factors is chosen properly.

Factor Analysis, Statistical↗
PubMed1989

A multivariate analysis of prognostic factors in adult Hodgkin's disease.

A multivariate analysis of the prognostic factors was carried out with a Cox model on 167 patients with Stage I-IV Hodgkin's disease. The following indicators were prospectively registered: Sex, age, clinical stage, systemic symptoms, histological type, number of involved areas, nodal size, mediastinal thoracic ratio (MTR), localization of mediastinal involvement according to the aortic arcus, hilar involvement, extent of radiotherapy, and extent and mode of chemotherapy. A linear logistic analysis showed that most of the indicators were interrelated. This emphasizes the necessity of a multivariate analysis in order to assess the independent influence of each of them. The three main prognostic indicators for complete remission achievement were age, clinical stage and involvement of lung hili. The three main prognostic indicators for disease-free survival were sex, size of mediastinal involvement (MTR) and use of alternating chemotherapy COPP/ABVD in the initial treatment strategy. The most important prognostic factor for survival was clinical stage followed by hilar involvement, age, and nodal size. The coefficients estimated by Cox regression analysis can be used to combine the important prognostic factors into a single index for each patient at presentation. The prognostic index for each patient would allow the identification of cases with poor prognosis who might benefit from additional initial treatment.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1989

[Clinical applications of factor analysis in nuclear medicine].

Factor analysis allows to break up dynamic radionuclide studies into constituent parts corresponding to individual compartments of the distribution space of the radiopharmaceutical in the body. Compartment structure is reflected by factor image and its dynamics is shown by factor time activity curves. The method overcomes the drawbacks of other data processing methods in dynamic scintigraphy by its objectiveness and by distinguishing the projection overlap of tissues with different dynamics. The demands on both the patient and personnel are the same as in standard procedures, yet this method extracts more information from the results of the examination. Higher diagnostic accuracy was reported especially in nuclear cardiology and nephrology. A short survey of clinical applications of factor analysis reported over the years 1982-1988 is presented.

Factor Analysis, Statistical↗
PubMed1989

[Immunoscintigraphy in experiments and clinical practice: its possibilities, advantages and limitations].

The authors present their experience gained in preparing, isolating and labeling antibodies with radionuclides for the purpose of using them in immunoscintigraphy. The experimental part includes results obtained with different labeled antibodies and their F/ab/2 fragments in distribution studies, involving also immunoscintigraphic imaging of tumors. The clinical part presents results of immunoscintigraphy obtained with the commercial antibody kits Iodomab and Imacis in patients with tumors of the digestive tract.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

The clinical contribution of a uniform diagnostic and therapeutic protocol in Hodgkin's disease.

In the period between 5 July, 1968 and 31 December, 1986, a total of 138 patients with Hodgkin's disease were treated at the Institute of Biophysics and Nuclear Medicine of the -- School of General Medicine of Charles University in Prague. In the initial period between 5 July, 1968 and 31 December, 1977 a 10-year survival of 28% and a disease-free survival of 64% were achieved in 29 selected patients. In the next period, the patients were diagnosed and treated according to the uniform protocol used by all centres in the Czech Socialist Republic concentrated in the Lymphoma Cooperative Group. In the whole follow-up period, 5-year and 10-year survival rates of 78% and 75%, respectively, were achieved in 112 surviving persons. The corresponding survival rates in complete remission are 65.5% and 62.5%, respectively. When compared to survival of our patients treated up to 1974, the 5-year survival increased from 40% to 70% in 1986. Improvement of therapeutic outcome is due to more effective treatment. Increased diagnostic accuracy and, thus, also improved disease classification, enables the choice of optimal treatment. The treatment efficacy is documented by restoration of the working capacity in more than a half (51.17%) of patients in our group.

Combined Modality Therapy↗
PubMed1988

Some immunological parameters in Hodgkin's disease.

Mononuclear cells in the peripheral blood of 69 previously untreated patients with Hodgkin's disease were investigated and their changes were followed up in the course of the disease. Before the initiation of the treatment, the total number of lymphocytes, cells with ring-shaped nucleolus, E-rosette forming cells and lymphocytes with dot-like ANAE positivity were decreased and ferritin-bearing lymphocytes significantly highly increased (p less than 0.01) when compared with healthy persons. In cells of the monocyte-macrophage lineage, only the total number of cells in initial state of transformation to macrophages (active nucleolus) was significantly highly increased (p less than 0.05). In comparison with early stages, only the changes of quiet, resting cells were significantly more pronounced in advanced disease (p less than 0.01 and p less than 0.05). An excessive depression of ring-shaped nucleolus-bearing cells was associated with B symptoms. Using a discriminant analysis method, the independent influence of these cells upon the immunocompetence of the patients has been proved. After the completion of primary treatment the changes of cells were more profoundly expressed. No complete restauration of immunocompetence has been found within 1-2 years in patients responding satisfactorily to therapy. Verified by the discriminant analysis, persistent imbalance of T-lymphocyte subpopulations plays the most important role in the immune defect of patients in the second year after the therapy and later.

Hodgkin Disease↗