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Biomedical subjects

Z Chayes

Publications and source records attributed to Z Chayes.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1994

Gastric emptying rates to liquid or solid meals appear to be unaffected by spinal cord injury.

OBJECTIVES: There is controversy with regard to the effect of spinal cord injury (SCI) on gastric emptying times of liquids. The emptying rates of solids in subjects with SCI have not yet been addressed. Thus, the gastric emptying rates for both liquids and solids were studied by radionuclide imaging in subjects with chronic SCI. METHODS: After an overnight fast, subjects with SCI were evaluated for gastric emptying rates for iso-osmolar (normal saline) and hyperosmolar (glucose) liquids and a mixed meal of liquids and solids. Twenty-five subjects received normal saline (500 ml). Of these 25 subjects, 16 and 4 others (a total of 20 subjects) received 75 g glucose dissolved in 225 ml water. Each of the liquid meals was labeled with 300 microCi technetium-99-m-diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (99mTc-DPTA). The mixed meal consisted of egg white labeled with 300 microCi technetium-99m-sulfur colloid (99mTc-SC) between two slices of toast with water (110 ml). Each test meal was followed by anterior radionuclide imaging of the stomach with the subject seated. The results were compared with those of matched healthy nonSCI subjects from the literature. RESULTS: Compared with gastric emptying times reported in the literature in healthy subjects without SCI, no significant differences were noted in those with SCI with regard to rates of gastric emptying for liquids (whether iso- or hyperosmolar) and for solids. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings do not support the previously reported results of a delay in gastric emptying for liquids in subjects with SCI. We have extended our findings of essentially normal rates of gastric emptying of liquids to that of solids.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Tomographic thallium-201 myocardial perfusion imaging after intravenous dipyridamole in asymptomatic subjects with quadriplegia.

Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of mortality in those with a spinal cord injury (SCI). As a consequence of changes in body composition and level of activity, individuals with a SCI tend to have a high prevalence of multiple risk factors for coronary artery disease (CAD). In this report, we have demonstrated the usefulness of tomographic thallium-201 myocardial perfusion imaging after intravenous dipyridamole in six clinically asymptomatic subjects with quadriplegia. The average age of the subjects was 47 +/- 2 years, and they had a duration of injury of 15 +/- 2 years. On average, the individuals had five risk factors for CAD. After intravenous administration of dipyridamole and mild upper extremity exercise, the subjects reported no adverse symptoms and had no electrocardiographic evidence suggestive of ischemia. By contrast, three of the six subjects had reversible defects noted on thallium scintigraphy, and one additional subject had a fixed defect that was suggestive of infarction. The remaining two subjects had abnormal scans with fixed defects of the inferioposterior region, which may be ascribed to diaphragmatic attenuation, perhaps a result of partial diaphragmatic paralysis. Thus, dipyridamole thallium myocardial imaging is a safe and effective noninvasive method for the detection of myocardial ischemia or infarction in individuals with quadriplegia who are at increased risk for CAD.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Migratory osteolysis.

Migratory osteolysis is a recently recognized syndrome characterized by a migratory articular pain pattern of the lower extremities and associated radiographically with localized and reversible juxta-articular osteoporosis. Serial bone scans, both dynamic and static, appear to offer a new and more sensitive means for diagnosing and monitoring of this condition. The dynamic studies suggest that augmented osseous blood flow is responsible, at least in part, for increased radioactivity in clinically involved areas and presumably is mediating the osteoporotic process.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Pulmonary calcification in chronic renal failure: use of diphosphonate scintiscan as a diagnostic tool.

A patient with end-stage renal failure on maintenance hemodialysis for fifty-five months presented with signs and symptoms of cardiorespiratory failure and chest X-ray evidence of cardiomegaly and persistent bilateral nodular lung densities. A lung scan employing a bone seeking radionuclide, 99 Tc Diphosphonate, revealed active uptake in all areas corresponding to the X-ray densities. It was concluded that these densities represented active calcification. Thus, a diagnosis of pulmonary calcification was established without the need to resort to lung biopsy. It is suggested that bone-seeking radionuclides may be employed effectively to help establish an early diagnosis of pulmonary calcification especially in high risk dialysis patients.

Adult↗