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Biomedical subjects

Z A Karcioglu

Publications and source records attributed to Z A Karcioglu.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

Unilateral enophthalmos secondary to acquired hemilipodystrophy.

PURPOSE: To report a case of acquired hemilipodystrophy with ipsilateral enophthalmos. METHODS: Case report. We examined a 25-year-old woman who developed progressive unilateral enophthalmos secondary to fat atrophy on the corresponding left side of her body. RESULTS: Computed tomography confirmed that atrophy in the left orbit, loss of fat in the preorbital area, and partial loss of eyebrow cilia on the same side were present. A biopsy specimen from the left arm was consistent with lipodystrophy. The systemic examination and laboratory values were within normal limits. CONCLUSION: Although it is a rare condition, lipodystrophy may be a cause of unilateral enophthalmos.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Orbital hemangiopericytoma: clinical and morphologic features.

PURPOSE: To report the clinical and histopathologic features of orbital hemangiopericytoma. METHOD: We review the clinical and histopathologic features in seven patients. RESULTS: Ultrasonography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging defined the location and extent of the tumor in each patient but did not disclose pathognomonic features for the specific diagnosis of hemangiopericytoma. The predominating histopathologic feature of each tumor was a mixed pattern of ovoid cells and sinusoidal space formations. Five patients showed mild to severe cellular atypia; three had obvious pleomorphism and increased number of abnormal mitotic figures. Tumor cells disclosed cytoplasmic reactivity for vimentin but in five cases were negative for other immunologic markers. Six patients received surgical treatment with an attempt for total removal of the tumor; one had biopsy and radiation therapy. In two patients, radiation therapy was given in addition to tumor removal with orbital exenterations. Three patients died with recurrent and metastatic disease, and four patients are alive without tumor for a follow-up period ranging from 3 to 9 years. CONCLUSIONS: Orbital hemangiopericytoma may behave as a malignant tumor, leading to local recurrence or metastasis, or both. Clinical and histopathologic findings should be considered jointly to evaluate the clinical course; histopathologic findings alone are not sufficient to predict the biologic behavior of this tumor.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Macular corneal dystrophy in Saudi Arabia: a study of 56 cases and recognition of a new immunophenotype.

PURPOSE: To determine the immunophenotype or immunophenotypes of macular corneal dystrophy in Saudi Arabia. METHODS: We studied 56 cases of macular corneal dystrophy. Tissue from 60 corneal transplant buttons was stained by the avidin-biotin complex method using an anti-keratan sulfate monoclonal antibody. The serum antigenic keratan sulfate was measured in 23 of the 56 patients, four unaffected relatives, and 13 individuals with chronic actinic keratopathy. Serum and corneal tissue were studied in 17 of the 50 affected individuals with corneal transplant material. RESULTS: Thirty-five corneas (58.3%) of 29 of 50 patients did not react with anti-keratan sulfate monoclonal antibody. The stroma and abnormal intracellular and extracellular corneal accumulations reacted with anti-keratan sulfate monoclonal antibody in seven corneas (11.7%). The stroma in the other 18 corneas (30.0%) from 15 patients did not react with the anti-keratan sulfate monoclonal antibody, but corneal fibroblasts did. Twenty-one of the 23 patients with macular corneal dystrophy had no detectable serum antigenic keratan sulfate (< 9 ng/ml); two had values of 12 and 51 ng/ml, respectively, and their corneal stroma and abnormal accumulations reacted with anti-keratan sulfate monoclonal antibody. CONCLUSIONS: We detected macular corneal dystrophy type IA, a new immunophenotype characterized by the lack of detectable antigenic keratan sulfate in the serum (< 9 ng/ml), and a corneal stroma that did not react with the keratan sulfate monoclonal antibody but in which corneal fibroblasts did react with keratan sulfate monoclonal antibody (in 15 of 50 patients).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Workup for metastatic retinoblastoma. A review of 261 patients.

PURPOSE: The means available to screen for retinoblastoma metastases, including bone marrow aspiration, lumbar puncture, and radionuclide scans, offer variable usefulness at different stages of the disease. In this study, the authors attempted to assess the value of these tests as part of the initial workup for metastases. METHODS: Medical files of 261 patients with retinoblastoma were reviewed, and the results of bone marrow, lumbar puncture, and bone and liver radionuclide scans were correlated with the laterality, clinical staging, and histopathologic findings. The presence or absence of tumor in the choroid and the optic nerve also were correlated with the results of diagnostic tests. RESULTS: Of 261 patients with retinoblastoma, 147 (56.3%) and 114 (43.7%) had unilateral and bilateral disease, respectively; 11.6% of unilateral cases and 14.9% of bilateral cases had distant metastasis (P = 0.2). Bone marrow aspirations were performed on 101 patients (38.7%), and 10 (9.9%), of these specimens showed the presence of retinoblastoma cells in the aspirate. Ninety-four (36%) of the patients were examined with spinal tap cytology, and the results of four (4.3%) of these were positive for tumor cells. Radionuclide bone and liver scans were performed on 49 (18.8%) and 48 (18.4%) patients, respectively; 5 (10.2%) had abnormal bone scans and 3 (6.2%) had abnormal liver scans. The average age in the metastatic group was 3.1 years, whereas the average age in the nonmetastatic group was 2.3 years. All of our abnormal test results were found in patients with stages III and IV disease, with the exception of one abnormal lumbar puncture in a patient with stage II disease. The correlation of diagnostic tests with the histopathologic findings showed that with no choroidal involvement, no positive diagnostic tests were encountered. Correlation between positive diagnostic test results and the level of optic nerve involvement failed to indicate any trends. CONCLUSION: Our study indicated a good interrelation between the positivity of diagnostic tests (bone marrow and bone scan) and higher stages of the disease (stages III and IV) and choroidal involvement in enucleated eyes, with statistically significant correlations; correlations with lumbar puncture and liver scan were not significant.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Presentation of retinoblastoma as phthisis bulbi.

PURPOSE: We sought to determine the incidence of retinoblastoma patients who presented with phthisis bulbi. METHODS: The medical records of 272 patients in the King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital Retinoblastoma Registry were retrospectively studied. Clinical records, radiological investigations and histopathological slides were reviewed. RESULTS: We found that 2.7% of patients had retinoblastoma coincident with phthisis bulbi. Five of 10 patients had bilateral retinoblastoma; in the others it was unilateral. Radiologically, intraocular calcification was present in all except one case. All enucleated phthisical globes had residual viable tumour cells; optic nerve extension was found in 2 patients who had long-standing phthisis bulbi. CONCLUSION: Phthisis bulbi is an uncommon presenting sign of retinoblastoma which often occurs after an ocular inflammatory episode possibly related to intraocular tumour infarction. In most cases the tumour is not visible because of intraocular disruption. That every enucleated eye in this series harboured well-differentiated tumour cells underlies the seriousness with which phthisis bulbi of unknown origin in children should be investigated for retinoblastoma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Human papilloma virus in neoplastic and non-neoplastic conditions of the external eye.

AIM: Human papilloma virus (HPV) types 16 and 18 have been associated with neoplastic conditions of the conjuctiva. However, the presence of this virus has not been reported in non-neoplastic disorders of the external eye nor has it been studied in normal conjunctival tissues. METHODS: Ninety six paraffin embedded tissue specimens with neoplastic and non-neoplastic lesions and 19 conjunctiva samples free from overt disease were studied for HPV types 16 and 18 positivity with the polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: HPV types 16 and 18 DNA were identified in 57% of in situ squamous cell carcinoma, in 55% of invasive squamous cell carcinoma, in 20% of climatic droplet keratopathy, in 35% of scarred corneas, and in 32% of normal conjunctival tissue obtained during routine cataract extractions. CONCLUSION: These findings indicate that HPV types 16 and 18 are detectable with the polymerase chain reaction not only in epithelial neoplasms of the ocular mucous membrane but also in non-neoplastic lesions as well as in apparently healthy conjunctiva.

Blotting, Southern↗
PubMed1996

Retinoblastoma referral patterns in Saudi Arabia.

The purpose of this study was to review the patterns of referral and presentation of patients with retinoblastoma in Saudi Arabia from 1983-1994. Retinoblastoma represents a particularly high volume at the King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital and the Hospital's Retinoblastoma Registry provided relevant data. Records of 257 registered patients were analyzed. Of these, 112 were bilateral whereas 145 were unilateral, resulting in a total of 369 eyes. Referral diagnosis accuracy was high, 75% of referring physicians ranking retinoblastoma at the top of their differential diagnosis. Delay in referral was found to average 9.4 weeks. However, 49.4% of eyes were staged at Reese-Ellsworth Stage V at presentation. Significantly, the number of patients presenting with extraocular disease fell from 22.8% (1983-1988) to 12.3% (1989-1994), highlighting increasing awareness of retinoblastoma and availability of services in Saudi Arabia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

The radioprotective effects of WR-2721 on radiation-induced goblet cell loss.

We assessed the efficacy of the radioprotective effects of WR-2721 in radiation-induced goblet cell loss. Fourteen female New Zealand white rabbits were divided into radioprotected, radiounprotected, and control groups. Ten rabbits received 5,000 rad of beta irradiation to the temporal conjunctiva of both eyes. The right eyes were pretreated with topical applications of WR-2721 30 minutes and 1 minute before irradiation. The left eyes received irradiation only. Four additional rabbits received neither irradiation nor pretreatment with WR-2721. After a 2-month waiting period, each animal was killed and goblet cell densities per high-power field (GCD/HPF) were determined over the areas in question and compared using paired sample t tests. The mean GCD/HPF for the radioprotected, unprotected, and control groups were 10.93, 4.68, 23.15 (right eye), and 26.25 (left eye). Paired sample t tests showed a significant radioprotective effect when comparing WR-2721-treated animals with those receiving radiation only (p less than 0.003). Independent sample t tests showed significant goblet cell loss in both the radioprotected (p less than 0.018) and radiounprotected eyes (p less than 0) when compared with control groups. These data suggest a radioprotective effect of WR-2721 in radiation-induced goblet cell loss.

Amifostine↗
PubMed1992

Intracorneal hemorrhage secondary to aphakic contact lens wear.

Two cases of intracorneal hemorrhage developing as a complication of aphakic contact lens use are reported. Patient 1 had a penetrating keratoplasty to restore vision and therefore the histologic examination could be performed on the corneal button. In patient 2 the contact lens use was discontinued with partial resolution of the intracorneal hemorrhage and the patient then underwent a secondary intraocular lens implantation with good visual results.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Orbital and eyelid involvement with Erdheim-Chester disease. A report of two cases.

Erdheim-Chester disease is an idiopathic condition characterized by infiltration of the heart, lungs, retroperitoneum, bones, and other tissues by a fibrosing xanthogranulomatous process composed of xanthomatous histiocytes and Touton giant cells. This condition is often fatal, with death due to cardiomyopathy, severe lung disease, or chronic renal failure. Ocular findings with this potentially fatal disease are rare. We report the clinical and histopathologic findings in two cases of bilateral xanthelasmas and bilateral orbital infiltrates in association with Erdheim-Chester disease. The first patient was a 38-year-old man with cardiovascular and renal disease and severe retroperitoneal fibrosis. The massive orbital infiltration produced bilateral blindness. The second patient was a 77-year-old man with severe cardiovascular disease and retroperitoneal fibrosis. The diagnosis was confirmed in both patients with retroperitoneal and orbital biopsies. Both patients had the unusual occurrence of bilateral xanthelasmas with bilateral, diffuse orbital masses, eye findings that should alert the clinician to the possibility of this serious systemic disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Effect of topical corticosteroids on goblet-cell density in an alkali-burn model.

Conjunctival alkali burns result in a loss of goblet cells in the acute postinjury period. A deficiency of goblet cells and their primary product, mucin, is associated with both short- and long-term ocular sequelas. We evaluated the effect of topical corticosteroids on goblet-cell density in a prospective, randomized, controlled trial using 24 eyes of 12 adult albino rabbits in which a standard conjunctival burn was made. The treatment group was found to have 97.38 goblet cells per unit area of conjunctiva; the control group had 65.81 goblet cells per unit area of conjunctiva. This was a statistically significant difference (P less than .02). These results suggest that topical steroids are beneficial in suppressing goblet-cell loss after a conjunctival alkali burn.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1990

Serum and aqueous humor sialic acid levels in Behçet's disease.

Serum and aqueous humor sialic acid (SA) levels were determined in 27 patients with Behçet's disease (Bd). Serum SA levels were elevated significantly during the active episode (mean, 113.4 +/- 4.12 mg/dl) and in the remission stages (mean, 85.4 +/- 4.79 mg/dl; P less than 0.001). A significant increase was also detected in active episodes when compared to chronic stages (P less than 0.02). Aqueous humor levels were also evaluated but could only be determined in the six eyes at the end-stage of the disease (mean, 2.65 +/- 0.60 mg/dl; P less than 0.05).

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1990

Harada's disease associated with fibrous dysplasia.

Harada's disease is a well-described entity consisting of bilateral serous retinal detachments and diffuse choroiditis. The etiology of Harada's disease is obscure. Fibrous dysplasia of the orbit is also a well-known entity associated with many orbital and ophthalmologic findings. The defect in fibrous dysplasia appears to be a congenital nonhereditary abnormality in bone-forming mesenchyme. We present a case of Harada's disease and fibrous dysplasia of the orbit. The clinical photographs, fluorescein angiograms, ultrasound study, and histologic specimens are presented.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Herpes simplex virus-specific antibodies present in tears during herpes keratitis.

We examined the specificity and levels of antibodies present in rabbit tears after induced infection of the rabbit cornea. Two strains of herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV) with different patterns of ocular disease were used: RE which produces stromal disease, and F which produces epithelial disease. We found that (i) IgG, IgA, and IgM antibodies were produced, (ii) the number of specific HSV antigens recognized by these antibodies was no significantly different, and (iii) postinfection (PI) timing and concentration of antibodies varied according to the disease pattern of the virus strain. The animals infected with strain F produced high levels of IgG antibodies early PI which remained constant, while IgA and IgM antibodies also increased early PI but declined after Day 16 PI. Animals infected with strain RE showed low levels of IgA and IgM antibodies which remained low. IgG antibodies increased early PI but declined at Day 16 PI. These differences in times of appearance and in amounts of antibodies in tears may be related to the clinical course of the disease. It has been shown that stromal disease has an immunopathologic basis. Inflammation, cellular infiltration of lymphocytes, and plasma cells are seen in the stroma of RE-infected animals, but these are not present in the stroma of F-infected animals. Infectious virus was not isolated from corneal explants taken from animals during the quiescent stage of the disease. The difference in pathogenicity cannot be explained in terms of specificity of tear antibodies. Even though the disease patterns were different, the number and types of HSV polypeptides recognized by both sets of tears was similar. Consequently, we believe that the immunopathology seen in the stromal disease may be due to the anatomical site of HSV antigens, rather than to differences in specificity of tear antibodies.

Animals↗