Biomedical subjects

Ying-hua Chen

Publications and source records attributed to Ying-hua Chen.

6 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

Effects of serum of the rats ventilated with high tidal volume on endothelial cell permeability and therapeutic effects of ulinastatin.

BACKGROUND: With the widespread use of ventilators in treating critically ill patients, the morbidity of ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI) is increasing accordingly. VILI is characterized by a considerable increase in microvascular leakiness and activation of inflammatory processes. In this study we investigated the effects of inflammatory mediators in VILI rat serum on endothelial cytoskeleton and monolayer cellular permeability, as well as the therapeutic effect of ulinastatin, to explore the pathogenesis and the relationship between biotrauma and lung oedema induced by VILI. METHODS: Thirty healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups: group A (normal tidal volume ventilation), group B (high tidal volume ventilation) and group C (high tidal volume ventilation plus ulinastatin). The serum of each rat after ventilation was added to endothelial cell line ECV-304 medium for two hours to observe the effects of serum and/or ulinastatin on endothelial fibrous actin and permeability. RESULTS: Compared to rats ventilated with normal tidal volume, serum of rats ventilated with high tidal volume caused a striking reorganization of actin cytoskeleton with a weakening of fluorescent intensity at the peripheral filament bands and formation of the long and thick stress fibres in the centre resulting in endothelial contraction and higher permeability. Prior treatment with ulinastatin lessened the above changes significantly. The changes of permeability coefficient of endothelial permeability after group A, B or C rats serum stimulation were (6.95 +/- 1.66)%, (27.50 +/- 7.77)% and (17.71 +/- 4.66)% respectively with statistically significant differences (P < 0.05) among the three groups. CONCLUSIONS: The proinflammatory mediators in the serum of the rats given high tidal volume ventilation increases endothelial permeability by reorganizing actin cytoskeleton, and pretreatment with ulinastatin lessens the permeability by inhibiting of proinflammatory mediators.

Actins↗

PubMed2006

Preparation and bioactivity of human hair keratin-collagen sponge, a new type of dermal analogue.

OBJECTIVE: To develop a three-dimensional porous film of human hair keratin (HHK)-collagen sponge complex for use as a dermal substitute. METHODS: The three components F, B, and Z derived from healthy human hair were weaved into a meshwork and integrated with purified soluble type I collagen extracted from bovine tendons to prepare a highly porous film with vacuum freeze-drying followed by secondary cross-linking with glutaraldehyde. The film was grafted beneath the dorsal skin in 21 SD rats (experimental group), with simple collagen sponge serving as the negative control. The rats receiving surgical operation but without graft served as the blank control. The graft and its surrounding tissue were harvested on days 3, 7 and at weeks 2, 4, 6, 8, 12 after implantation for evaluation of tissue compatibility, vascularization and degradation. RESULTS: The prepared collagen sponge film was semitransparent and porous. Three to 7 days after grafting, inflammatory reaction was relieved gradually, and several fibroblasts and blood vessels were found adherent to the grafts in the experimental groups. At week 4, the wounds healed in the experimental groups, and the fibroblasts were actively secreting collagen and the film degraded obviously with the appearance of elastic fibers. At weeks 6 and 8, new collagen fibers thickened and assumed regular arrangement, and the collagen sponge films disappeared completely. In the control groups, the changes were less obvious and total HHK degradation occurred till week 12. CONCLUSION: The degradable and absorbable HHK-collagen sponge film has relatively satisfactory tissue compatibility and can accelerate wound healing by stimulating cell proliferation and vascularization, showing the potential as an optimal dermal substitute.

Animals↗

PubMed2006

Ooplasmic transfer: problems and prospects.

Cytoplasmic transfer between human oocytes, which represents a complete cytoplasmic exchange, has been performed recently as a means to improve the outcome of assisted reproduction and becomes a hotspot of researches. Many studies have indicated that mitochondria in the oocytoplasm obviously affect fertilization of the oocytes and early embryo development. However, ooplasmic transfer can lead to mitochondrial DNA heteroplasmy and the prospect of mitochondrial heteroplasmy and its potential problems necessitate further studies. The authors reviews the ooplasmic transfer, the relation between ooplasm and fertilization and embryo development, and the mitochondrial heteroplasmy. The authors also propose a new theory of "reverse cloning technique".

Cytoplasm↗

PubMed2005

[Effect of different tidal volume ventilation on rat bronchial and alveolar epithelial cell apoptosis].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the changes in bronchial and alveolar epithelial cell apoptosis after mechanical ventilation with different tidal volumes and explore the mechanism and significance of cell apoptosis in ventilation-induced lung injury. METHODS: Thirty healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into groups A, B and C to receive tracheotomy under anesthesia for ventilation with different tidal volumes (VT) for 4 h (VT of 10 ml/kg in group A, 20 ml/kg in group B and 40 ml/kg in group C). Lung histopathology was assessed after the ventilation and compared between the 3 groups. The severity of lung injury and bronchial epithelial edema was evaluated, and the extent and location of cell apoptosis in the bronchus and lung tissues were studied by transferase d-UTP end-labeling (TUNEL) assay and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: After mechanical ventilation for 4 h, lung injury and bronchial epithelial edema increased with the increment of VT. By TUNEL assay, the apoptosis index of both alveolar and bronchial epithelial cells was found to increase with VT. Immunohistochemical study identified enhanced caspase-3 expression in the cytoplasm and nuclei of airway and alveolar epithelial cells and vascular endothelial cells in rats with high VT ventilation, and the enhancement was especially obvious in the bronchial epithelial cells. CONCLUSION: Mechanical ventilation with different VTs causes consistent changes in histopathology, cell apoptosis and caspase-3 expression in rats, which support the presumption that cell apoptosis plays an important role in the pathogenesis of high VT ventilation-induced lung injury.

Animals↗

PubMed2004

[In vivo tissue engineering: a new concept].

From our over a decade-long experience in experiments and clinical applications of human hair keratin (HHK) artificial tendon, a conclusion was drawn that HHK artificial tendon components and their degradation products could stimulate the proliferation and differentiation of tenoblasts in the neighboring tissues into tenocytes. With the regulation of this process by certain cytokines secreted by other cells, autotendons can be finally formed. We also found that after grafting for the tissue defects such as in the bone, nerve and muscle, "in situ construction" of the tissue/organ substitutes occurred, which inspired us to propose a wholly new theoretical system--in vivo tissue engineering, defined as in vivo reconstruction of the defected tissues or organs. The grafted absorbable scaffold biomaterial itself and its degradation products can activate the mitosis, proliferation, and differentiation of adult stem cells in the surrounding tissues, which organically interact with the material to form an organic complex under in vivo physiological conditions. Finally the matrix material is completely replaced by the complex, an almost identical structure with the normal tissue in terms of anatomy and histology. One of the advantages of in vivo tissue engineering is "in vivo construction" of the tissue/organ substitutes in anatomy, histology and function way of "in vivo cultivation" of the seed cells under in vivo microenvironment and in vivo precise regulation mechanism. It solves such problems as immune rejection against seed cells, variation and functional deterioration of the seed cells, complicated preservation procedure, transportation and high cost. The most prominent advantage of this technique is that it best meets the clinical need, not only in the sense of its powerful clinical potential, but also in its significant theoretical value.

Artificial Organs↗

PubMed2003

Construction of dataset for Virtual Chinese Male No.1.

OBJECTIVE: To establish digitized Virtual Chinese Human Male No.1 (VCH-M1) image dataset with a 0.2-mm equal interval. METHODS: The body of a 24-year-old male was used for this study. Perfusion with phenol and vermilion of the arteries was performed, followed by body shape adjustment by cold saline and pre-embedding with broken ices in an upside-down position, which was completed in a stepwise procedure to minimize body shape deformation. Section milling was conducted subsequently with the section thickness of 2 mm and the section images were captured by digital camera, which were immediately transferred to a computer for storage and processing. RESULTS: A total of 9 232 sections were obtained for the whole body, and the resolution of each of the image in TIF format was 3 024x2 016 pixels, resulting in the size of approximately 18 M for each image and about 161 G for the whole dataset. CONCLUSIONS: Compared with VCH-F1, the image quality in VCH-M1 dataset is significantly improved, demonstrated by much clearer tissue boundary in the images and minimized body shape deformation during the embedding process.

Adult↗