Biomedical subjects

Ying-Lu Guo

Publications and source records attributed to Ying-Lu Guo.

11 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

Redox-induced apoptosis of human oocytes in resting follicles in vitro.

BACKGROUND: The age-related depletion of the resting follicle (RF) stock occurs as a result of two processes: atresia and entry in growth phase. Due to difficulties in obtaining sufficient numbers of RFs for study, little is known about the apoptotic mechanisms for RF atresia. The present study was designed to investigate the effects of oxidative stress on the apoptosis of RF oocytes. METHODS: RFs isolated from human adult ovaries were cultured in vitro, treated with H2O2 at various concentrations (50 microM, 100 microM, 1.0 mM) for 1 hour, and observed for up to 48 hours. The oxidant-induced apoptosis of oocytes were observed by detection of DNA fragments, mitochondria membrane potential (MMP), and cytochrome c release. RESULTS: Based on nuclear morphology and TUNEL (terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dDTP nick end-labeling), oocyte apoptosis was observed in the RFs treated with 50 microM H2O2 with rates of 35% and 43% at 24 and 48 h after treatment, respectively. But intensive oxidative stress (1 mM H2O2) caused mainly necrosis as measured by quantifying propidium iodide (PI)-positive oocytes (44% within 12 hours), with lower level of apoptosis (17%) being observed at 24 hours after treatment. RFs treated with 100 microM H2O2 showed both apoptosis with the similar rate observed at 50microM and necrosis (13% PI-positive oocytes). Although pre-incubation with cyclosporine A (CsA) could effectively prevent oxidant-induced MMP collapse, but failed to suppress apoptosis of oocytes in RFs. CONCLUSIONS: Oocytes of RFs in adult ovaries retain their ability to undergo apoptosis under oxidative stress, which is both dose- and time-dependent.

Adult↗

PubMed2006

Cox7a2 mediates steroidogenesis in TM3 mouse Leydig cells.

AIM: To investigate the regulatory function of Cox7a2 on steroidogenesis and the mechanism involved in TM3 mouse Leydig cells. METHODS: The cDNA of Cox7a2 was cloned from TM3 mouse Leydig cells. It was subcloned to pDsRed-Express-N1 and transfected back into TM3 mouse Leydig cells for Cox7a2 overexpression by transient gene transfection. Steroidogenesis affected by overexpressed Cox7a2 was studied by ELISA. To elicit the mechanism of this effect, expression of steroidogenic acute regulatory (StAR) protein and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were examined by Western blot and fluorometer, respectively. RESULTS: The cDNA of Cox7a2 (249 bp) was cloned from Leydig cells and confirmed by DNA sequencing. After constructed pDsRed-Express-N1-Cox7a2 was transfected back into TM3 mouse Leydig cells, Cox7a2 inhibited not only luteinizing hormone (LH)-induced secretion of testosterone but also the expression of StAR protein. At the same time, Cox7a2 increased the activity of ROS in TM3 mouse Leydig cells. CONCLUSION: Cox7a2 inhibited LH-induced StAR protein expression, and consequent testosterone production, at least in part, by increasing ROS activity in TM3 mouse Leydig cells.

Animals↗

PubMed2006

[Diagnosis and differential diagnosis value of ultrasound in epididymal mass].

OBJECTIVE: To elevate the diagnosis and differential diagnosis levels of epididymal mass by sonography. METHODS: This was a retrospective study of 179 cases of epididymal mass treated by surgery in our hospital between 1990 and 2005. The analysis was focused on pathological and sonographic features. RESULTS: 179 patients with mean age of 51.4 +/- 14.7 were enrolled. The epididymal mass was classified into four groups: epididymal cyst (n = 98), nonspecific epididymitis (n = 27), tuberculous epididymitis (n = 33) , and epididymal tumor (n = 21). Epididymal cyst could be easily diagnosed by ultrasound, the diagnostic rate was 93.8%, but nonspecific epididymitis and tuberculous epididymitis were hard to differentiate, complicating with multiple organs lesions may distinguish tuberculous from nonspecific epididymitis. Tuberculous epididymitis could be easily diagnosed when cold abscess, calcification and sinus tract emerged. The majority epididymal tumors were benign, and malignant cases were rarely seen. Patient's history, physical examination and sonographic features were all essential to make a right diagnosis. CONCLUSION: Ultrasound features may be helpful to the differential diagnosis of epididymal mass and ultrasound should be the first choice of image detection in epididymal lesions.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2005

Cryopreserved oocytes of infertile couples undergoing assisted reproductive technology could be an important source of oocyte donation: a clinical report of successful pregnancies.

BACKGROUND: Surplus oocytes in assisted reproduction treatment cycles could be saved and donated to other couples. ICSI is usually performed for oocytes that have been stored frozen, considering possible exocytosis of cortical granules (CG). The unavoidability of ICSI merits further study. METHODS: We used a slow method to freeze excess oocytes from infertile couples. After thawing, oocytes were fertilized by either IVF or ICSI according to semen parameters. Some oocytes were examined for CG. RESULTS: Twenty-eight infertile couples cryopreserved a proportion of their oocytes and 12 thawed their oocytes. Three couples used their own oocytes, whereas nine donated their oocytes to nine other couples for 12 cycles. The survival rate from thawing was 90% (73/81). The fertilization rate using IVF (83%) was similar to ICSI (82%). Seven pregnancies (47% per cycle) were achieved; one used her own oocytes and six received donated oocytes. Five women delivered six babies including one set of twins. Two pregnancies aborted. The frozen-thawed oocytes (15/15) revealed no exocytosis of CG. CONCLUSIONS: To freeze oocytes of infertile couples undergoing assisted reproduction treatment may help other couples. Our successful experience may facilitate oocyte banks to become a reality. Both IVF and ICSI are valuable for frozen oocytes.

Adult↗

PubMed2005

[The relationship between acute rejection and expression of sCD30 for the patients after kidney transplantation].

OBJECTIVE: To study the relationship between the sCD30 and acute rejection. METHODS: We tested the sCD30 level in serum for 58 cases with kidney transplantation before and the 7th day and 28th day after operation by ELISA. 31 healthy individual for control group, and simultaneously recorded the incidence of rejection after kidney transplantation. RESULTS: The results showed that there is an obviously relation before kidney transplantation between the sCD30 level in serum and the incidence of acute rejection (chi = 4.843, P = 0.028, P < 0.05). There is a significantly relation at the 7th day after kidney transplantation between the sCD30 level in serum and the incidence of acute rejection (chi = 7.201, P = 0.007, P < 0.01). There is no obviously relation at 28th day after kidney transplantation between the sCD30 level in serum and the incidence of acute rejection (chi = 2.095, P = 0.148, P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: The results suggested that the expressions of sCD30 are related to acute rejection. We speculated that the expressions of sCD30 could play an important role in acute rejection.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed2005

Effects of icariin on erectile function and expression of nitric oxide synthase isoforms in castrated rats.

AIM: To investigate the effect of icariin on erectile function and the expression of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) isoforms in castrated rats. METHODS: Thirty-two adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into one sham-operated group (A) and three castrated groups (B, C and D). One week after surgery, rats were treated with normal saline (groups A and B) or oral icariin (1 mg/[kg.day] for group C and 5 mg/[kg.day] for group D) for 4 weeks. One week after treatment, the erectile function of the rats was assessed by measuring intracavernosal pressure (ICP) during electrostimulation of the cavernosal nerve. The serum testosterone (ST) levels, the percent of smooth muscle (PSM) in trabecular tissue, and the expression of mRNA and proteins of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and phosphodiesterase V (PDE5) in corpus cavernosum (CC) were also evaluated. RESULTS: ICP, PSM, ST and the expression of nNOS, iNOS, eNOS and PDE5 were significantly decreased in group B compared with those in group A (P 0.01). However, ICP, PSM and the expression of nNOS and iNOS were increased in groups C and D compared with those in group B (P 0.05). Changes in ST and the expression of eNOS and PDE5 were not significant (P 0.05) in groups C and D compared with those in group B. CONCLUSION: Oral treatment with icariin ( 98.6 % purity) for 4 weeks potentially improves erectile function. This effect is correlated with an increase in PSM and the expression of certain NOS in the CC of castrated rats. These results suggest that icariin may have a therapeutic effect on erectile dysfunction.

3',5'-Cyclic-GMP Phosphodiesterases↗

PubMed2004

Cloning and analysis of human UroplakinII promoter and its application for gene therapy in bladder cancer.

The differential expression of the desired gene product in the target tissue is central for gene therapy. One approach is to use a tissue-specific promoter to drive therapeutic gene expression. UroplakinII (UPII) is a urothelium-specific membrane protein. To investigate the feasibility of targeting gene therapy for bladder cancer, a DNA fragment of 2542-bp upstream of the UPII gene was amplified by PCR and linked to a promoterless firefly luciferase reporter gene. The transient transfection showed that the DNA fragment resulted in preferential expression in bladder carcinoma cells, with negligible expression in nonurothelium cells. Furthermore, the DNA segment located between -2545 and -1608 decided the tissue-specificity of the UPII promoter, the segment located between -328 and -4 being the core promoter of UPII. We generated two recombinant adenoviruses under the control of the UPII promoter: Ad-hUPII-GFP, carrying green fluorescence protein (GFP), and Ad-hUPII-TNF, carrying the tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha). ELISA revealed that the secretion of TNFalpha by Ad-hUPII-TNF-infected bladder cancer cells was significantly higher than Ad-hUPII-TNF-infected nonurothelium cells. The conditioned medium from Ad-hUPII-TNF-infected bladder cancer cells apparently inhibited the proliferation of L929 cells, a TNFalpha-sensitive cell line, comparing to Ad-hUPII-TNF-infected nonurothelium cells. Intravesical inoculation with Ad-hUPII-TNF inhibited tumor growth in the orthotopic human bladder cancer model. The sustained high level of TNFalpha in urine was identified with ELISA. Taken together, these data suggest that most of the cis elements that confer the bladder-specificity and differentiation-dependent expression of the human UPII gene reside in the 2542-bp sequence, and TNFalpha driven by the human UPII (hUPII) promoter is effective in the specific inhibition of bladder cancer growth both in vivo and in vitro. These results may yield a new therapeutic approach for bladder cancer and provide information on the molecular regulation of urothelial growth, differentiation, and disease.

5' Flanking Region↗

PubMed2003

Experimental study of the efficiency of lithotripsy with duplicate pulses.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Theoretical study had shown that compared with a single pulse, a duplicate pulse could improve the efficiency of lithotripsy. We conducted a series of studies to validate this idea. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The experimental study in vitro and in vivo used a lithotripsy machine with duplicate, single, and electromagnetic pulses. RESULTS: Use of a duplicate pulse improved the wastage of the model stones about 44.15% and the efficiency of lithotripsy about 44.76%. In pigs, the efficiency of lithotripsy was greater with a duplicate pulse than with single and electromagnetic pulses. CONCLUSION: Compared with single and electromagnetic pulses, duplicate pulses could improve the efficiency of lithotripsy by more than 40%.

Animals↗

PubMed2003

[The challenge of male reproductive health].

Recently, research on male reproductive ability brings along the concern on male reproductive health. At present time, the situation of reproductive health was not optimistic and many problems need to be solved. In this article, many important topics were included, such as the changing and the possible reasons of male reproductive health; much concern was needed for babies, children, and male juvenile; increasing tendency of the infection rates of male urogenital system; research on male infertility needed to be explored deeply; there was no satisfactory methods for male contraception; the diagnosis and treatment of male erectile dysfunction were not sufficient for the need; research on andropause was at the primary stage; life regime of men needed to be adjusted. Concerning for male reproductive health is the responsibility of both medical workers and whole society.

Contraceptive Devices, Male↗

PubMed2002

[Prevention of prostatitis].

Prostatitis is a common disease in men without satisfactory therapeutics methods, and prevention of prostatitis becomes much more important. The main methods include treatment of general infection and secondardy infection of the prostate actively, diet and life-style modification, avoiding unnecessary medical examination, establishing good coping styles, giving publicity to the knowledge of prostate and prostate-related disease, and strengthening prevention in the post-prostatitis patients.

Humans↗

PubMed2002

[Physicians' knowledge and attitude to erectile dysfunction].

OBJECTIVES: The physicians knowledge and attitude to erectile dysfunction (ED) is very important to the diagnosis and management of this disease. We investigated the physicians and practitioners knowledge of ED, attitude to ED, and if they actively find the underlying ED patients. METHODS: Three hundreds and one physicians and practitioners in Beijing completed a questionnaire. The subjects included urologists, cardiologists, endocrinologists, surgeons, orthopaedicians and community practitioners. RESULTS: The definition of ED was well known by most subjects (83.4%). Many agreed that ED was a common condition in the aging men (85.0%), and it was an important health problem (78.7%) and it was the local signs of certain systemic diseases (89.7%). The most common risk factors of ED enumerated by the physicians were diabetes (45.5%), hypertension (12.6%) and coronary artery diseases (12.0%). 45.5% physicians met the patients who initiated questions about ED. 32.6% physicians would discuss ED with the patients if the patients initiate questions about ED. 95.0% non-urological physicians would refer the ED patients to urologists or andrologists. 43.5% of all the physicians never asked their patients about erectile function, this proportions in the subgroups of urologists, non-urological physicians and community practitioners were 7.2%, 55.3% and 60.5% respectively (P < 0.01). The most common reasons for the physicians not to initiate the inquiries about ED was "the patients would not have ED if they didnt complain about it" (42.2%), "there was no ED patients in my specialty" (20.9%), "diagnosis and treatment of ED was not my business" (17.3%), "have no time" (15.6%), "feel embarrassed" (13.6%). CONCLUSIONS: Most physicians regarded ED as an important health problem and a common condition in aging men, but they didnt take an active attitude to ED in their clinical practice.

Aging↗