Measuring prothrombin time: too long may be too short!
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Adolescent↗
Biomedical subjects
Yi Feng
Publications and source records attributed to Yi Feng.
Platelet factor 4 enhances the adhesion of normal and leukemic hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells to endothelial cells.
Platelet factor 4 (PF4) is a growth regulator of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs), but its role in modulating the adhesive property of normal and leukemic cells remains unclear. We used CD34(+) cord blood cells, KG1a cell line, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and a transformed HUVECs ECV-304 cells to study the effect of PF4 on cell adhesion. When CD34(+) cord blood cells were cultured either in fibronectin-coated (FN) culture plate or over the layer of HUVECs for 2h, a concentration-dependent increase of the number of adhered cells was observed in the culture containing PF4. FACS analysis revealed that the treatment of PF4 resulted in an increased expression of CD49d and CXCR-4 on CD34(+) cells. Moreover, when CD34(+) cells were expanded in the presence of PF4, the adhesive ability to culture plate of CD34(+) cells was significantly increased. To elucidate the mechanism of action of PF4, KG1a cells were incubated with or without PF4 for 2h on pre-established layer of ECV-304 cells. The percentage of CD49d(+) KG1a cells increased about 1.56 +/- 0.4 fold, and that of CD54(+) ECV-304 increased about 1.7 +/- 0.6 fold. Furthermore, the mRNA expression of CD49d and CD54 was upregulated when KG1a or ECV-304 cells were incubated with PF4. The adhesion capacity of KG1a cells was reduced after incubation with the blocking monoclonal antibodies against CD49d and CD54, respectively. Our data demonstrate that PF4 is able to enhance the adhesive ability of normal and leukemia HSPCs.
Antigens, CD34↗
HI44a, an anti-CD44 monoclonal antibody, induces differentiation and apoptosis of human acute myeloid leukemia cells.
CD44 is a cell surface antigen that expresses on leukemia blasts from most acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients. It has been reported that ligation of CD44 with some specific anti-CD44 monoclonal antibodies can reverse the differentiation blockage of leukemia cell lines. In this study, the differentiation and apoptosis-inducing effects of HI44a, another anti-CD44 monoclonal antibody (IgG2a), were investigated on leukemia cells obtained from 31 patients with AML-M2, AML-M3, AML-M4 or AML-M5. When the AML cells were treated with HI44a, the percentage of nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT)+ cells was significantly increased. The expression of CD11b, CD14 and CD15 on treated AML cells was also increased compared to control AML cells. In addition, HI44a was found to induce apoptosis of leukemia cells, as evidenced by an annexin-V assay. The mean percentage of apoptotic cells in HI44a-treated AML cells was significantly increased compared to that in control AML cells. Moreover, the level of c-myc transcript expression on AML cells was found to be obviously decreased in all detected patients. These results indicate that HI44a effectively induces both differentiation and apoptosis of AML cells and suggest that this activity of the anti-CD44 antibody may be associated with its inhibitory effect on c-myc transcript expression.
Acute Disease↗
Simple subtyping assay for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtypes B, C, CRF01-AE, CRF07-BC, and CRF08-BC.
After the initial development of a human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) subtype-screening tool by nested multiplex PCR, we further improve it through the redesign of subtype-specific primers based on subtype signature pattern (SSP) analyses and optimization of the PCR conditions. Extracted RNA from plasma samples was used in reverse transcription and the cDNA products were added to the first round PCR, in which universal primers in the gag region were used to detect HIV-1 M group isolates. In the second round of PCR, three pairs of subtype-specific primers, detecting subtypes B, C, and CRF01-AE, were added in one tube. Subtype determination was based on the different size of PCR products on the agarose gel electrophoresis. An additional set of primers detecting only the prevalent recombinant strains CRF07-BC and CRF08-BC was used to discriminate CRF07- and CRF08-BC from pure subtype C. Testing for all kinds of HIV subtype reference strains indicated that this assay was applicable. A panel of 252 HIV-positive samples and 30 HIV-negative samples was further used to evaluate and validate this assay. Compared to the assay of sequence-based phylogenetic analysis, the newly developed assay has an adequate designated subtype sensitivity, 93.2% (69 of 74) for subtype B, 95.1% (117 of 123) for subtype C, 94.0% (47 of 50) for CRF01-AE, and 95.0% (115 of 121) for CRF07-BC and CRF08-BC. Most importantly, the intersubtype specificity of the assay was found to be 100%. The assay specificity was also found to be 100% when used to test 30 HIV-negative samples. The average reproducibility was 96.0% for subtype B, 96.7% for subtype C, and 95.0% for CRF01-AE. We have developed a simple, rapid, and low cost assay for screening subtypes B, C, CRF01-AE, CRF07-BC, and CRF08-BC in China.
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
[Effect of duration and temperature of sample preservation on the result of peripheral blood CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocyte count in HIV/AIDS patients].
BACKGROUND: By analyzing the CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocyte count of whole blood from HIV/AIDS patients, which were stored at different temperatures for various durations, the authors studied the ideal preserving condition for whole blood and processed, in a purpose of guaranteeing the accuracy of clinical testing of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocyte count. METHODS: Blood from 34 HIV carriers/AIDS patients, were kept at 4 degrees C for 2, 24, 48, or 72 h, and tested for CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocyte count using cytometric analysis. Part of the blood was processed, and kept at degrees C or room temperature for 2, 24, 48, or 72 h, then tested for CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocyte count. The results were compared statistically in parallel. RESULTS: Whole blood and processed samples preserved at degrees C showed no statistical difference in CD4+ T lymphocyte count among different preserving durations (P greater than 0.05), but CD8+ T lymphocyte counts were significantly different at 72 h (P less than 0.05). Processed samples at 72 h were significantly different in CD4+ T lymphocyte count(P less than 0.05), and significantly different in CD8+ T lymphocyte count at 24 h (P less than 0.05). At room temperature, samples at different duration were not significantly different in CD4+ T lymphocyte count, but significantly different in CD8+ T lymphocyte count at 48 and 72 h (P less than 0.05). CONCLUSION: There were stable results for performing analysis of the CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocyte count of the anticoagulated blood within 48 h. At room temperature, there were stable results for performing the analysis of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocyte count of processed samples within 24 h. Between 24 h and 48 h, although CD4+ count was stable, CD8+ count showed significant changes, so the ratio of CD4 to CD8 changed accordingly.
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
[Development of a subtype screening assay for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 by nested multiplex PCR].
OBJECTIVE: The current available assays for HIV subtyping, such as sequence-based phylogenetic analysis or heteroduplex mobility assay (HMA), are labor-intensive and time-consuming. The authors have just developed a simple and rapid subtype-screening assay for subtypes B, C, and CRF01-AE using a single nested multiplex PCR. METHODS: Proviral DNA from HIV-positive samples was extracted and subjected to first round PCR with universal primers for gag region that can detect HIV-1 M group isolates. In the second round PCR, three pairs of subtype-specific primers, respectively detecting subtype B, C and CRF01-AE, were added into one tube. The PCR products of different subtypes could be distinguished in agarose-gel electrophoresis. Another pair of primers exclusively detecting the prevalent recombinant B/C strains CRF07-BC and CRF08-BC were designed and used. Additionally, all of these samples were sequenced and analyzed phylogenetically. RESULTS: Phylogenetic analysis showed that out of 119 samples, there were 43 subtype B samples (Euro-American B 11, Thailand B 32), 54 subtype C, 17 CRF01-AE, 3 subtype A and 2 subtype D samples. The subtype B, C, and CRF01-AE specific primer sets detected 35 (81.4%), 46 (85.2%), and 13(76.5%) samples with accuracy and specificity. Non-specific bands occasionally appeared but did not interfere with interpretation of the results. The primer pairs for CRF07-BC and CRF08-BC amplified target sequences were confirmed by sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. The specificity of all these subtype-specific primers was found to be 100%. CONCLUSION: A simple and rapid assay was developed for screening subtypes B, C, CRF01-AE, CRF07-BC and CRF08-BC in China. This assay may have potential application in HIV laboratories in China and worldwide.
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
Early down-regulation of Bcl-xL expression during megakaryocytic differentiation of thrombopoietin-induced CD34+ bone marrow cells in essential thrombocythemia.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Essential thrombocythemia (ET) is a chronic myeloproliferative disorder with abnormal megakaryocyte/platelet production. Recent studies have found that Bcl-xL, as a member of the bcl-2 family of proteins that inhibit apoptosis, is essential in megakaryocytic differentiation. In this study the expression of Bcl-xL was evaluated during megakaryocytic differentiation in ET patients. DESIGN AND METHODS: To study the role of Bcl-xL in megakaryocyte differentiation, we evaluated the effect of small interfering RNA (siRNA) on the expression of Bcl-xL. CD34+ cells from patients with ET, chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), polycythemia vera (PV) and normal individuals were cultured in serum-free medium supplemented with thrombopoietin (TPO). Immunocytochemical staining and flow cytometric analysis were used to evaluate the Bcl-xL expression during megakaryocytic differentiation of CD34+ cells. RESULTS: When exposured to si-Bcl-xL, the percentage of K562 cells induced into megakaryocytes in 72 hours was lower than the corresponding percentage of control cells. CD41a+ cells from the three groups of patients and the control group were cultured. At day 10, the percentage of Bcl-xL- cells in CD41a+ cells from ET patients was 61.0+/-28.1%, which was significantly higher than that from patients with CML (2.5+/-20.9%), PV (33.6+/-10.0%) or control subjects (15.1+/-13.0%).] INTERPRETATION AND CONCLUSIONS: These results demonstrate that Bcl-xL is down-regulated early during in vitro differentiation of megakaryocytes from ET patients; this might reflect an early entry of megakaryocytes into a degenerating mature stage.
Adult↗
[Study on anti-HPV activity of Asarum heterotropoides].
OBJECTIVE: To screen anti-HPV effective fraction from Asarum heterotropoides. METHODS: Asarum heterotropoides was extracted with systematic solvents (petroleum benzine, ether, ethyl acetate, n-butanol, ethanol and distilled water) accordingly. The Polymerase Chain Reaction (FQ-PCR) was applied in the vitro pharmacodynamics for the extracts from Asarum heterotropoides. The amplification of HPV-DNA in the lesions of the isolated Condyloma acuminatum. RESULTS: After the water extracts of Asarum heterotropoides was used for HPV-DNA, the PCR amplification showed negative, with the minimum effective concentration 0.4 g/ml. But the other solvents extracts from Asarum heterotropoides appeared positive. CONCLUSION: The water extracts from Asarum heterotropoides are effective on anti-Human papillomavirus.
Antiviral Agents↗
[Determination of amoxicillin and ciprofloxacin hydrochloride soluble powders by RP-HPLC].
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Amoxicillin↗
[RNase III-prepared short interfering RNAs induce degradation of SARS-coronavirus mRNAs in human cells].
SARS-associated coronavirus has been identified for the cause of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, for which there is no efficacious drugs or vaccines. RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in cell to degradation specific target mRNA by double-stranded RNA. In mammalian cells, RNAi can be triggered by short interfering RNA (siRNA). RNA interference of virus-specific genes has emerged as a potential antiviral mechanism. This work evaluated if RNase III-prepared short interfering RNAs can induce specific degradation of SARS-coronavirus mRNAs in human cells. Three of SARS genes, RNA dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), spike and nucleocapsid, were amplified with T7 promoter-flanked primers. Long length double-stranded RNA of these genes were transcribed in vitro and then were cleaved to <30bp length short interfering RNA with E. coli RNase III. These siRNAs were termed esiRNA-R, esiRNA-S and esiRNA-N respectively. RdRp, spike and nucleocapsid DNA fragments were inserted into the plasmid pGL3-Control, obtained plasmids pGL-R, pGL-S and pGL-N can express hybrid mRNAs luciferase-RdRp, spike and -nucleocapsid in cells. Above plasmids and esiRNAs were co-transfected to HEK293F cells with reference plasmid pRL-TK. Firefly luciferase and Renilla luciferase activity were measured. Hybrid mRNAs' abundance was measured using reverse transcription real-time PCR. Firefly luciferase expression of pGL-R was reduced to 13% by esiRNA-R. Expression of pGLS was reduced to 11% by esiRNA-S. Expression of pGL-N was reduced to 40% by esiRNA-N. Control esiRNAs didn't affect luciferase expression; Hybrid mRNAs' abundance was dramatically reduced by corresponding esiRNAs. RNase III-prepared short interfering RNAs induce robust and specific degradation of SARS-coronavirus mRNAs in HEK293F cells. These siRNAs could be used to inhibit SARS-coronavirus in future research.
Cells, Cultured↗
[Effect of anticonvulsant gabapentin on visceral nociception and its relationship with amino acid neurotransmitters released from spinal cord].
OBJECTIVE: To test whether gabapentin, an anticonvulsant, is able to inhibit responses to peritoneal irritation-induced visceral pain and to examine the effect of gabapentin on spinal cord amino acid release. METHODS: Forty-eight SD rats randomly received intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of saline or gabapentin (50, 100, or 200 mg.kg-1), and 40 minutes later, 0.6% acetic acid (4 ml.kg-1) was administrated intraperitoneally. The acetic acid-induced writhing assay was used to determine the degree of nociception. The beam balance task was employed to test a possible inhibitory or sedative effect of the central nervous system. Cerebrospinal fluid dialysate was collected by microdialysis from the spinal subarachnoid space in anesthetized rats. Concentrations of amino acids in the dialysate, including glutamate, aspartate, serine, glutamine and glycine, following i.p. injection of acetic acid were evaluated. The effects of pretreatment with saline or gabapentin (100 mg.kg-1 i.p.) on amino acid release were compared. RESULTS: Gabapentin reduced writhing responses in a dose-related fashion. Beam-balance time was significantly shortened after pretreatment with 200 mg.kg-1 of gabapentin. Dialysate concentrations of glutamate, aspartate and serine increased significantly-following i.p. injection of acetic acid, while glutamine and glycine concentrations were not. When compared to saline-treated rats, animals pre-treated with 100 mg.kg-1 of gabapentin showed suppression of the acetic acid-induced increases in glutamate, aspartate and serine concentrations. CONCLUSION: These data demonstrate that gabapentin effectively inhibited acetic acid-induced nociception, and the antinociceptive effect of gabapentin might correlate with the suppression of noxious-evoked release of excitatory amino acids in the spinal cord.
Acetates↗
Gabapentin markedly reduces acetic acid-induced visceral nociception.
BACKGROUND: Gabapentin has recently been used clinically as an antihyperalgesic agent to treat certain neuropathic pain states. The aim of this study is to test whether gabapentin is able to inhibit responses to peritoneal irritation-induced visceral pain and to examine the effect of gabapentin on spinal cord amino acid release. METHODS: The acetic acid-induced writhing assay was used in rats to determine the degree of antinociception. The rats received an intraperitoneal injection of acetic acid 40 min after intraperitoneal administration of vehicle or gabapentin (50, 100, or 200 mg/kg). Cerebrospinal fluid dialysate was collected by microdialysis from the spinal subarachnoid space in anesthetized rats. Acetic acid-induced release of amino acids into the dialysate, including glutamate, aspartate, serine, glutamine, and glycine, following intraperitoneal injection of acetic acid was evaluated by measurements of changes in the concentrations of these amino acids. The effects of pretreatment with saline or gabapentin (100 mg/kg intraperitoneal) on amino acid release were compared. RESULTS: Gabapentin reduced writhing responses in a dose-related fashion. Dialysate concentrations of glutamate, aspartate, and serine increased significantly following intraperitoneal injection of acetic acid, while glutamine and glycine concentrations were not increased significantly. When compared to saline-treated rats, animals pretreated with 100 mg/kg gabapentin showed suppression of the acetic acid-induced increases in glutamate, aspartate, and serine concentrations. CONCLUSIONS: These data demonstrate that gabapentin effectively inhibits acetic acid-induced nociception, and the antinociceptive effect of gabapentin correlates with the suppression of noxious-evoked release of excitatory amino acids in the spinal cord.
Acetates↗
Prostate expression of N-acetyltransferase 1 (NAT1) and 2 (NAT2) in rapid and slow acetylator congenic Syrian hamster.
Arylamine carcinogens induce prostate tumours in rodent models and may contribute to the aetiology of human prostate cancers. N-acetylation and O-acetylation, catalysed by N-acetyltransferase 1 (NAT1) and 2 (NAT2), activate and/or deactivate arylamines to electrophilic intermediates that bind DNA and initiate tumours in target organs. NAT1 and NAT2 are both subject to genetic polymorphism in humans, and molecular epidemiological investigations suggest that NAT1 and/or NAT2 acetylator genotype modifies risk for prostate cancers. A Syrian hamster model congenic at the NAT2 locus was used to investigate the role of acetylator genotype in N- and O-acetylation of aromatic and heterocyclic amine carcinogens in the liver and prostate. A gene dose-response (NAT2*15/*15>NAT2*15/*16A>NAT2*16A/*16A) relationship was observed in liver and prostate cytosol towards the N-acetylation of p-aminobenzoic acid, 2-aminofluorene, beta-napthylamine, 4-aminobiphenyl, and 3,2'-dimethyl-4-aminobiphenyl. NAT1 and NAT2 were separated and partially purified from liver and prostate cytosol. NAT1 and NAT2 in liver and prostate catalysed -acetylation of the arylamines above and O-acetylation of N-hydroxy derivatives of 2-aminofluorene, 4-aminobiphenyl and 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine. Rates were higher in rapid versus slow acetylators when catalysed by NAT2 but not when catalysed by NAT1. Partially purified prostate NAT2 exhibited higher apparent K(m) and V(max) than NAT1. Prostate NAT1 mRNA levels were higher than NAT2 and neither NAT1 nor NAT2 mRNA level differed with NAT2 acetylator genotype. The results provide mechanistic support for a role of NAT1 and/or NAT2 acetylator polymorphism(s) in human prostate cancer risk related to aromatic and/or heterocyclic amine carcinogens.
Animals↗
Comparison between chemoembolization combined with radiotherapy and chemoembolization alone for large hepatocellular carcinoma.
AIM: To investigate the efficacy of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) combined with radiotherapy for unresectable large hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS: From June 1994 to June 1999, a total of 76 patients with large unresectable HCC were treated with TACE followed by external-beam irradiation. 89 patients with large HCC, who underwent TACE alone during the same period, served as the control group. Clinical features, therapeutic modalities, acute effects and survival rates were analyzed and compared between TACE plus irradiation group and TACE alone group. A multivariate analysis of nine clinical variables and one treatment variable (irradiation) was performed by the Cox proportional hazards model. RESULTS: The clinical features and therapeutic modalities except irradiation between the two groups were comparable (P>0.05). The objective response rate (RR) in TACE plus irradiation group was higher than that in TACE alone group (47.4 % vs 28.1 %, P<0.05). The overall survival rates in TACE plus irradiation group (64.0 %, 28.6 %, and 19.3 % at 1, 3, 5 years, respectively) were significantly higher than those in TACE alone group (39.9 %, 9.5 %, and 7.2 %, respectively, P=0.0001). Cox proportional hazards model analysis showed that tumor extension and Child grade were significant and were independent negative predictors of survival, while irradiation was an independent positive predictor of survival. CONCLUSION: TACE combined with radiotherapy is more effective than TACE alone, and is a promising treatment for unresectable large HCC.
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
[Sequence variation in the env V3-V4 region of HIV type 1 predominant subtype B and C strains circulating in China].
OBJECTIVE: To identify genetic variation of HIV-1 predominant subtype B and C strains in China during rapid horizontal transmission and to elucidate the potential relationship between genetic variation and selective pressure. METHODS: After the fragments of HIV-1 env gene were amplified by nested-PCR from the whole blood of 258 HIV-1 infected individuals, PCR products were directly sequenced using ABI 377 DNA sequencer. The sequences covering env V3-V4 region of 72 HIV-1 subtype B(n=37) and C(n=35) strains were selected for phylogenetic analysis. In addition, the ratios of synonymous (Ks) substitutions per nonsynonymous (Ka) substitutions were calculated using DIVERGE. RESULTS: The genetic distances of the V3-V4 region of subtype B strains were higher than that of subtype C strains. Furthermore, sequence analysis revealed that the V4 region was more variable than the V3 region for both subtype B and C strains. What's more, the V3 loop was less variable compared with the V3 upstream region and C3 region for subtype C Ks/Ka ratios of the entire aligned sequence of the two subtypes were below 1 0, with the lowest values found in the V3 region of subtype B strain and the V4 region of subtype C strain. CONCLUSIONS: The majority of variation in both subtypes B and C strains occurred in the V4 rather than the V3 region. It is important that our study found for the first time the V3 loop was more conservative than the V3 upstream region and C3 region for subtype C. Calculations of the Ks/Ka ratios throughout the V3-V4 region demonstrate that significant selective pressures experienced during the rapid horizontal spread of the virus in the Chinese HIV-1 infected population may have directed change in the V3 loop for the subtype B strain and the V4 loop for the subtype C strain. These results will contribute to the policy of AIDS prevention and control and the ongoing development vaccine.
Amino Acid Sequence↗
[Heterogeneity of HIV strains isolated from different tissues of 3 AIDS patients].
BACKGROUND: To reveal the characteristics of genotype and phenotype of HIV strains in blood and some tissues of AIDS patients. METHODS: The virus was isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC),cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)and lymph nodes of 3 AIDS patients by coculture with PBMC stimulated by PHA for 72 hours from uninfected donor. The cytopathic effect of the HIV isolates was determined in cultured MT2 cell line. The env gene sequences form proviral DNA were analyzed by GCG software. RESULTS: In one patient,there were differences between the strains from blood and different tissues both in genotype and phenotype. The biological phenotypes of two strains from CSF were non syncytium (NSI) type, their env sequences were similar to standard CNS tropic strain (SF162). CONCLUSIONS: The viral heterogeneity exists in different body compartments within an infected individual. The neurotropic isolate which is similar to international standard strain exists in some AIDS patients in China.
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
[Effect of platelet factor 4 on the adherence of cord blood CD34(+) cells].
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of platelet factor 4 (PF4) on the adherence, and the expressions of adherent molecules CD(49d) and CXCR4 and the receptor of SDF-1 of fresh and expanded cord blood CD(34)(+) cells. METHODS: CD(34)(+) cells were isolated from cord blood using MACS immune magnetic beads. The adherent ability was assayed by using crystal violet staining and the expression of adherent molecule CD(49d) and CXCR4 by FACS. RESULTS: (1) PF4 could increase the adherent ability of the fresh cord blood CD(34)(+) cells, the effect being positively correlated with the dose of PF4. (2) SDF-1 at concentration of 100 ng/ml increased the adherent ability of the fresh cord blood CD(34)(+) cells. (3) The spontaneous and the SDF-1 induced adherent ability of the cord blood CD(34)(+) cells began to decrease after being cultured for 10 days without PF4, while in the presence of PF4 at 100 ng/ml, the ability of the cord blood CD(34)(+) cell adhering to the stroma layer still remained at higher level. At day 14, the adherent ability was (262.04 +/- 64.81)% and (64.35 +/- 8.29)% in PF4 group and control group, respectively, if it was defined as 100% at day 0. SDF-1 at concentration of 100 ng/ml induced adherent ability was (138.31 +/- 32.39)% and (67.66 +/- 12.44)% in PF4 group and control group, respectively. (4) The expression of CD(49d) and CXCR4 increased 13.02% and 17.33%, respectively, when incubated with PF4. CONCLUSIONS: PF4 could increase the adherent ability and promote the expression of CD(49d) and CXCR4 of the cord blood CD(34)(+) cells, suggesting that PF4 promote the circulating stem cells homing to the marrow in the process of stem cells transplantation.
Antigens, CD34↗
[Resting energy expenditure in healthy newborn infants].
OBJECTIVE: To establish the value of the resting energy expenditure (REE) in healthy newborns and evaluate relative factors of REE. METHODS: One hundred and fifty-four healthy newborns (75 boys, 79 girls; birth-weight 2,500-3,999 g) were enrolled in this study. The Apgar score at the 5th minute was equal to or more than 8; the postnatal age was equal to or more than 5 days. The newborns had no apparent defect. The mothers had no history of metabolic and endocrine diseases. REE was measured by Deltatrac II in child canopy mode for 30-45 minutes during asleep or quiet awake status. RESULTS: The average REE was (201.8 +/- 25.4) kJ/(kg.d), which was significantly lower than the predicted REE by Schofield formula[(226.1 +/- 4.8) kJ/(kg.d), P = 0.000], the predicted REE was 12.04% higher than the measured REE. There were no differences in sex and ways of delivery. The newborns whose birth-weight was between 2,500-2,999 g were measured in two modes: baby and child mode, and the REE values were significantly higher (122.6 +/- 25.0) kJ/(kg.d) and (208.8 +/- 26.4) kJ/(kg.d), respectively (P = 0.000). CONCLUSIONS: The prediction formula might be improper for calculating the REE in newborn infants. The indirect calorimetry was the better way to know the actual REE of newborns. The authors recommended that in child mode the measurement of REE in newborns would be the indirect calorimetry, and the REE in healthy newborns was (201.8 +/- 25.4) kJ/(kg.d).
Birth Weight↗