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Biomedical subjects

Ye Zhao

Publications and source records attributed to Ye Zhao.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2026

Transketolase promotes RNF20-dependent H2BK120 ubiquitination and DNA repair through a non-enzymatic adaptor function.

Efficient repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) is essential for maintaining genome stability and conferring tumor radioresistance. Histone H2B monoubiquitination at lysine 120 (H2BK120ub), catalyzed by the RNF20/RNF40 E3 ligase complex, promotes DSB repair by coordinating chromatin remodeling and repair factor recruitment. Here we identify transketolase (TKT) as a non-enzymatic regulator of DNA damage repair in colorectal cancer cells. TKT enhances DNA repair efficiency and radioresistance independently of its catalytic activity by facilitating RNF20-dependent H2BK120ub. Mechanistically, TKT interacts with both the RNF20/RNF40 complex and the FACT chromatin remodeling complex, functioning as a non-enzymatic adaptor that facilitates FACT-RNF20 association and RNF20 foci formation following DNA damage. Disruption of this TKT-FACT-RNF20 axis impairs RNF20 foci formation and H2BK120ub induction, increases DNA damage, and enhances radiosensitivity. These findings reveal a previously unrecognized non-enzymatic adaptor function of TKT in DNA damage repair and highlight a potential vulnerability in radioresistant tumors.

DNA repair↗
PubMed2026

Associations between gut microbiota on carcass traits and meat quality in Neijiang pigs, Yorkshire pigs, and their hybrids.

This study was designed as an exploratory analysis to compare carcass performance, meat quality traits, and gut microbiota of Neijiang pigs (NN), Yorkshire pigs (YY), and Yorkshire &#xd7; Neijiang hybrid pigs (YN), with the goal of generating testable hypotheses regarding potential links between gut microbial composition and production phenotypes. Compared with NN pigs, YN hybrids exhibited improved carcass performance while inheriting the favorable meat quality characteristics of Neijiang pigs. The results of 16S rRNA sequencing analysis showed that the relative abundance of the microbiota was similar to that of NN pigs. LDA effect size (LEfSe) results showed that Streptococcus, Treponema, probable_genus_10 and Fibrobacter were the differentially enriched taxa in YN pigs (p < 0.05). Correlation analysis was performed on carcass, meat quality and intestinal microbiota screened out by LEfSe. The results showed that Akkermansia tended to positively associate with body length and oblique length in YN pigs; Dialister correlated positively with dressing rate and pH45min; Treponema showed positive trends with a*45min and a*24h (p < 0.05). Finally, the correlation network model preliminarily mapped associations among production traits, gut microbiota, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways for exploratory screening. Nine core microbial taxa exhibited close correlations with phenotypic indicators, which implied that these microbes might modulate metabolic pathways to shape pig performance. Overall, hybrids inherited superior parental carcass and meat quality but harbored unique gut microbial communities relative to purebreds-these preliminary correlative observations generate new hypotheses that gut microbiota may contribute to heterosis-associated phenotypic advantages, which require further targeted validation.

Animals↗
PubMed2026

tRNA methylation: functional insights and epitranscriptomic regulation.

tRNAs, one of the most conserved and abundant RNAs, are central components of protein synthesis, transferring genetic information from DNA to proteins through a precise base-pairing mechanism. Post-transcriptional modifications of tRNAs by tRNA modifying enzymes are essential for maintaining their normal physiological functions, including methylation, isomerization and glycosylation. tRNA methylation, particularly 1-methyladenosine (m1A), 5-methylcytidine (m5C), and 7-methylguanosine (m7G), are among the most abundant and diverse types of post-transcriptional modifications of tRNA, which promote the stability of tRNA secondary and tertiary structures and allow for proper translation. In addition, tRNA methylation affects the production and function of tsRNA (tRNA-derived small RNA), small fragments of RNA that further regulate gene expression and protein synthesis. In our review, we discuss the relevant biological functions of tRNA methylation, including tRNA stability, protein translation, and tsRNA biogenesis.

RNA, Transfer↗
PubMed2006

Carbon microfibers sheathed with aligned carbon nanotubes: towards multidimensional, multicomponent, and multifunctional nanomaterials.

Multicomponent and multifunctional hybrid structures based on microsized carbon fibers sheathed with aligned carbon nanotubes and their derivatives have been successfully prepared, and have been demonstrated to be an effective means for connecting nanoscale entities to the outside world and to possess interesting electrochemical properties attractive for a wide range of potential applications, including in methanol direct fuel cells and highly sensitive biological and chemical sensors. Judicious modification of the carbon-fiber-supported aligned carbon nanotubes with various functional moieties could lead to a class of novel multidimensional, multicomponent, and multifunctional materials of practical significance.

Biosensing Techniques↗
PubMed2006

Astragaloside IV exerts antiviral effects against coxsackievirus B3 by upregulating interferon-gamma.

Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) is a major pathogen for viral myocarditis and dilated cardiomyopathy in children and young adults. The aim of this study was to determine the antiviral effects of astragaloside IV against CVB3, and the underlying mechanism. First, we evaluated antiviral effects of astragaloside IV in vitro by measuring the virus titers of CVB3 in primarily cultured myocardial cells infected with CVB3, and in vivo by assessing the morbidity, mortality, heart-to-body weight ratio (HW/BW), and virus titers in BALB/c mice infected with CVB3. Then, we performed serum pharmacological experiments by testing the effect of sera from SD rats treated with astragaloside IV on proliferation of CVB3 in primarily cultured myocardial cells. Finally, we determined the effect of astragaloside IV on IFN-gamma mRNA expression in the hearts of infected BALB/c mice. We observed that astragaloside IV decreased virus titers of CVB3 in primarily cultured myocardial cells. Morbidity, mortality, HW/BW, and virus titers all decreased, and necrosis and mononuclear cell infiltration were alleviated in CVB3-infected mice treated with astragaloside IV, compared with those infected mice without the treatment. In addition, proliferation of CVB3 was inhibited by the sera of rats treated with astragaloside IV. Moreover, we observed that IFN-gamma mRNA expression was increased in mice treated with astragaloside IV. Therefore, we conclude that astragaloside IV exerts antiviral effects against CVB3 by upregulating expression of IFN-gamma mRNA.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

[Inhibitory effect of WT1 gene isoform transfection on proliferation of leukemia cell line NB4].

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: The Wilms' tumor gene, WT1, encodes a zinc finger transcription factor, and is highly expressed in leukemia cells and negatively correlated with the prognosis of leukemia. WT1 mRNA undergoes alternative splicing at 2 sites resulting in 4 isoforms. The mRNA splice isoforms are constantly expressed in all tissues expressing WT1 with fixed proportions. The functional significance of WT1 isoforms expression in leukemia is unclear. This study was designed to explore the potential effects of exogenous WT1 gene isoforms on proliferation of leukemia cell line NB4 and its possible molecular mechanisms. METHODS: The recombinant eukaryotic expression vector pCB6+/WTA containing full-length human WT1 isoform WTA (-17AA/-KTS) cDNA, and pCB6+ vector with neomycin resistance gene were transfected into NB4 cells by electroperforation. The positive cell clones (NB4/WTA) were selected with G418. The transfected cells were monocloned by limited dilution. The expressing of WTA mRNA and protein in transfected cells was detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot. The proliferating ability of leukemia cells was measured by trypan blue exclusion assay, MTT assay, colony formation assay and cell cycle analysis. The expression of p53, p21, Cyclin E, Cyclin D1 and Cyclin A1 was detected by semi-quantitative RT-PCR. RESULTS: WT1 gene isoforms were transfected into NB4 cells, and the cell line stably expressing exogenous WT1 gene isoforms was established successfully. The monoclonal cells overexpressing WT1 were obtained. The growth of NB4/WTA cells was slower than that of untransfected NB4 cells and NB4 cells transfected with pCB6+ vector (NB4/CMV): the growth of NB4/WTA cells reached plate phase [(78.7+/-18.0 x 10(4)/ml] at the 3rd day, while that of control cells reached plate phase [(146.0+/-21.0) x 10(4)/ml] at the 4th day. The inhibitory rates of NB4/WTA cells at different time points were significantly higher than those of control NB4 cells (P<0.005). The colony forming efficiency of NB4/WTA cells decreased markedly and became much lower when exposed to 0.2 micromol/L As2O3. The proportion of S phase cells was increased in NB4/WTA group. The expression of p21 and Cyclin A1 was higher in NB4/WTA cells than in control cells. CONCLUSIONS: Exogenous WTA gene could inhibit the proliferation and colony forming ability of leukemia cells through up-regulating the expression of p21 and Cyclin A1 and arresting cell cycle at S phase.

Cell Cycle↗
PubMed2006

[RbAp46 gene activates the expression of IGFBP-rP1 gene in K562 leukemic cells].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the mechanism of action of RbAp46 gene on leukemic cells. METHODS: K562 leukemic cells and SHG44 glioma cells were transfected with eukaryotic expression vector carrying full-length cDNA of RbAp46 driven by the cytomegalovirus promoter mediated by lipofectamine transfection reagent. Empty vector were transfected at the same time as control. G418-resistant colonies were selected after 3 weeks culturing. Series genes were amplified using RT-PCR. Growth curve and colony formation assays were performed. RESULTS: The number of K562/RbAp46 and K562/CMV cells were (90.00 +/- 8.40) x 10(4) and (119.58 +/- 9.87) x 10(4), respectively after 4 days growth, and SHG44/RbAp46 and SHG44/CMV cells were (89.13 +/- 4.88) x 10(4) and (149.42 +/- 10.83) x 10(4), respectively after 5 days growth. Seven-day yields of K562/RbAp46 and K562/CMV cell colonies were 131.67 +/- 15.57 and 250.33 +/- 26.31, respectively (P < 0.01), while those of SHG44/RbAp46 and SHG44/CMV cells were 50.78 +/- 6.77 and 206.67 +/- 37.18, respectively (P < 0.01). The fraction of K562/RbAp46 and K562/CMV cells in S phase was (48.88 +/- 4.35)% and (62.78 +/- 4.78)% (P < 0.01), and in G(0)/G(1) phase was (29.10 +/- 4.14)% and (22.40 +/- 2.43)%, respectively (P < 0.05), and that of SHG44/RbAp46 and SHG44/CMV cells in G(0)/G(1) phase was 65.6% and 48.8%, and in S phase was 22.6% and 38.4%, respectively. Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-related protein-1 (IGFBP-rP1) gene was induced to express only in the RbAp46-over expressing K562 cells and was not in SHG44 cells. CONCLUSION: A regulatory pathway between RbAp46 and IGFBP-rP1 genes might exit in K562 leukemic cells.

Carrier Proteins↗
PubMed2006

[Clinical study on haploid HLA-matched hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for treatment of malignant hematological disease].

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is the most effective method to treat malignant hematological disease. However the human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-matched sibling donors can be found for only 25%-30% patients. The probability of finding an unrelated matched donor is 1/50000-1/100000, or even lower. If we choose haploid HLA-matched hematopoietic stem cell transplantation instead, we may be able to find donors for 90% patients. Our present study was to explore the feasibility of allo-HSCT by using haploid HLA-matched donor in treatment for malignant hematological disease. METHODS: Twenty-five patients with malignant hematological disease received allo-HSCT with HLA 2 or 3 antigen mismatched related donors. All patients were treated with intensive immunosuppression, granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) mobilization, antithymocyte globulin (ATG) and combination of bone marrow and peripheral blood stem cell transplantation. The conditioning regimen was intensified and prolonged by using the combination of cyclosporine (Cs) A, MMF, ATG and anti-CD25 antibody for graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis. RESULTS: All patients achieved sustained, full donortype engraftment. Acute GVHD occurred in 21 of 25 patients. Eight of them were grade I aGVHD, six grade II aGVHD, two grade III aGVHD and five grade IV aGVHD. The cumulative incidence of grade II-IV aGVHD was 48%,and grade III-IV aGVHD was 28.57%. Chronic GVHD was observed in 12 of 25 patients and none of them developed extensive cGVHD. Sixteen patients were alive and disease free, with 64.0+/- 2.98% 1 year disease-free survival rate. One year overall survival rate was 64.0+/-3.08%. Nine patients died, 1 from relapse and 8 from transplantation related mortality. CONCLUSIONS: Haploid HLA-matched allo-HSCT is a relatively efficient method for the treatment of patients with malignant hematological disease, who have no related matched donors. Nevertheless, strict administration should be carried out since it's a high risk approach.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

[Antivirus effects of extract from gardenia].

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of the extract from gardenia on influenza viral pneumonia in mice and virus-induced cytopathic effect. METHOD: The mice were infected by influenza virus in nasal, the lung inflammation, mortality rate and life elongation rate were observed respectively. The anti-viral activity of the extract from gardenia was accessed by cytopathic effect (CPE) in vitro and 0% toxicity concentration (TC0), 50% toxicity concentration (TC50), 50% inhibitor concentration (IC50), therapeutic index (TI) were determined by Reed-Muench method. RESULT: The pneumonia induced by influenza virus in mice was inhibited significantly by the extract from gardenia, as the mortality rate decreased and the life elongation rate increased remarkably. Meanwhile the NO content in serum decreased significantly; The cytopathic effect induced by six kinds of viruses was inhibited remarkably. CONCLUSION: The six kinds of viruses were inhibited significantly by the extract from gardenia which inhibitory effect on mice influenza viral pneumonia was related to the NO content decreased.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

[Detection of RbAp46 expression in bone marrow cells of leukemia patients by real-time quantitative RT-PCR].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate retinoblastoma (Rb) associated protein 46 (RbAp46) gene expression levels in bone marrow (BM) cells of leukemia patients. METHODS: Real-time quantitative reverse polymerase chain reaction (QRT-PCR) method was used for detecting RbAp46 expression levels in BM cells of 140 patients with acute leukemia (AL), 13 with chronic myelogenous leukemia in chronic phase (CML-CP), 7 with CML in blast crisis (CML-BC) and 32 with non-leukemic disorders. RESULTS: The M-Estimators of RbAp46 were higher in 98 newly diagnosed ALs and 5 relapsed ALs than in 28 ALs in complete remission (CR) and 32 non-leukemic controls (178.23 and 213.65 vs 85.89 and 88.08, respectively). No statistic difference was found between the CR group and control group, or between the newly diagnosed group and relapsed group. The M-Estimators of RbAp46 in patients with CML-CP was 58.27, similar to that in control, but much lower than that in CML-BC (173.24). Among 98 newly diagnosed ALs, the M-Estimators of RbAp46 in M(3) and M(4) were the lowest in all of the subtypes. Furthermore, the RbAp46 expression levels were not correlated with the expression of the fusion genes of bcr/abl, PML-RARalpha, and multidrug resistant gene (mdr1), but were positively correlated with Wilms' tumor gene (WT1) expression levels and negatively with AML1/ETO fusion gene expression. CONCLUSION: RbAp46 expression levels in ALs and CML-BC were strikingly higher than that in non-leukemias and CML-CP, and might participate in leukemogenesis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

[Experimental study on apoptosis of leukemia cell line NB4 transfected with WT1 gene].

In order to study the potential effects of exogenous WT1 gene isoform on apoptosis in leukemia cell line NB4 and its possible molecular mechanisms, the eukaryotic expression recombinant vector (pCB6(+)/WTA) containing full-length human WT1 isoform (WTA: -17aa/-KTS) cDNA and the vacant vector-alone were introduced into the leukemia cell line NB4 respectively by electroporation. The WTA mRNA and protein in cells were detected by RT-PCR and Western blot. Binding of Annexin V were tested by flow cytometry and agarose gel electrophoresis to verify whether exogenous WTA could induce apoptosis of NB4 cells. Expressions of p21, p53, bcl-2, bcl-XL and c-myc genes were determined by semi-quantitative RT-PCR after introducing recombinant vectors into the NB4 cells. The results showed that in exposure to As(2)O(3) at 0.8 micromol/L for 48 hours, the NB4/WTA cells exhibited the morphological hallmarks of apoptosis, the marked DNA ladder shown by gel electrophoresis, and the enhanced apoptosis rate marked by Annexin V. RT-PCR showed an increase in p21 and c-myc genes expression, a decrease in bcl-2 and a relative constant expression of p53, bcl-XL in NB4/WTA cells. It is concluded that the introduction and expression of exogenous WTA gene can lead to apoptosis of NB4/WTA cells by down-regulating the Bcl-2 gene expression and up-regulating the p21 and c-myc genes expression.

Apoptosis↗
PubMed2005

[Application of real-time quantitative PCR in selection of transfected cell strains for transgenic overexpression].

To explore the feasibility of real-time quantitative PCR (QRT-PCR) for selecting cell strains which overexpress a certain transgene, expression level of RbAp46 was detected in transfected cell strains by using optimal real-time PCR with SYBR Green I. Meanwhile, semi-quantitative RT-PCR and Western blot were performed to compare with the QRT-PCR. The results showed that values of RbAp46(N) were 2064.42 +/- 253.47, 860.94 +/- 291.07, 234.456 +/- 31.08, 18.17 +/- 5.14 and 1.46 +/- 0.54 in K562/RbAp46, K562/CMV, SHG44/RbAp46 monoclone, SHG44/RbAp46 multiclone and SHG44/CMV, respectively. The results were consistent with that determined by semi-quantitative RT-PCR and Western blot. It is concluded that QRT-PCR provides a highly efficient and reproducible method for selection of transfected cell subclones at different level of transgene expression.

Benzothiazoles↗
PubMed2005

[Study on DNA methylation status of WT1 gene in its promoter region in hematologic malignancy cell lines].

OBJECTIVE: To study the DNA methylation status of WT1 gene promoter region in hematologic malignancy cell lines and its correlation with WT1 gene expression. METHODS: 1. RT-PCR and methylation-specific PCR were performed for detecting WT1 gene expression and DNA methylation status in its promoter region in 8226, HL-60, Jurkat, K562, KG-1, NB4, Raji, SHI-1, U266 and U937 cell lines. 2. Treatment of U937 cells with 5-aza-CdR, a demethylation inducing agent and the changes in WT1 gene expression level and its promoter region methylation status were determined. RESULTS: 1. HL-60, K562, KG-1, NB4 and SHI-1 cells showed higher levels while 8226, Jurkat, Raji, U266 and U937 cells showed extremely low levels of WT1 expression. DNA hypermethylation in WT1 gene promoter region was identified in 8226, Jurkat, Raji, U266 and U937 cells. 2. The WT1 gene expression in U937 was enhanced after treatment with 5-aza-CdR accompanied with the decrease of methylated and the increase of unmethylated levels in its promoter region. CONCLUSION: Modulation of the DNA methylation status in WT1 promoter region is one of the epigenetic mechanisms for regulating its expression.

Cell Line, Tumor↗
PubMed2005

[The influence of different WT1 gene isoforms expression pattern on the differentiation of leukemia cell line NB4].

OBJECTIVE: To study the potential effects of exogenous WT1 gene isoform on the differentiation of leukemia cell line NB4 and its possible molecular mechanisms. METHODS: The recombinant eukaryotic expression vector (pCB6 + /WTA) containing full-length human WT1 isoform (WTA: -17AA/ -KTS) cDNA and the blank pCB6 + vector were transfected into leukemia cell line NB4 by electroporation. The WTA mRNA and protein in cells were detected by RT-PCR and Western blot. Cell morphology, NBT reduction and CD11b antigen expression in NB4 cells were assayed to evaluate cell differentiation. Expression of PML/RARalpha, p21 and c-myc genes was determined by semi-quantitative RT-PCR after transfection. RESULTS: Compared with NB4/WTA cells, NB4 and NB4/CMV (NB4 cells transfected with pCB6 + vector) cells had higher morphological differentiation rates and higher CD11b expression levels after exposure to ATRA for 48 hours. The percentage of NBT reduction in NB4/WTA cells was lower than that in control groups. The difference in NBT reduction rate between NB4/WTA and control cells was gradually increased after treated with ATRA for three days. The expression levels of PML/RARalpha, p21 and c-myc genes in NB4/WTA cells were notably increased. CONCLUSION: Overexpression of exogenous WTA gene could partially inhibit the differentiation of NB4 cells by up-regulating the expression of PML/RARalpha, p21 and c-myc genes.

Cell Cycle↗
PubMed2004

[Pulmonary disease caused by nontuberculous mycobacteria after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation--a case report and literature review].

OBJECTIVE: To report a case with pulmonary disease caused by nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT), with a literature review. METHODS: Case report and literature review. RESULTS: A patient with acute non-lymphocytic leukemia was treated by allo-HSCT. Her NTM lung disease developed after HSCT was successfully treated with a 3 antimicrobials combination of clarithromycin, levofloxacin and capreomycin for 10 months. CONCLUSION: NTM infections are infrequent in allo-HSCT recipients and have a good clinical prognosis if correctly treated.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

[Influence of soil humidity and vegetation coverage on wind erosion].

Wind erosion is becoming a constraining factor to agriculture and animal husbandry in the arid and semiarid area of Luanhe River. In this paper, wind erosion process was studied through simulation experiments. The results showed that soil humidity and vegetation coverage were the main factors affecting wind erosion. The wind erosion rate was decreased with increasing soil humidity and vegetation coverage, and hence, wind erosion process was reduced by modulating soil humidity and vegetation coverage in human activities.

Ecology↗