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Biomedical subjects

Y Z Patt

Publications and source records attributed to Y Z Patt.

83 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Phase I-II trial of percutaneous intra-arterial cis-diamminedichloro platinum (II) for regionally confined malignancy.

Forty-nine patients with regionally confined recurrent malignancy were treated with intra-arterial cis-diamminedichloro platinum II in a Phase I-II trial. A safe starting dose of 120 mg/m2 was established. An overall response rate of 45% was noted with significant responses observed among patients with melanoma, sarcoma, breast carcinoma, and neuroblastoma. Side effects included transient renal and bone marrow toxicity as well as neurotoxicity and ototoxicity (6%), the latter usually with residual damage. The rational basis and advantages of treatment with intra-arterial cis-platinum are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Arteriovenous carcinoembryonic antigen gradient: determination by selective angiography for localization of metastatic colorectal cancer.

Two colorectal carcinoma patients with elevated serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels are discussed. In the first patient, metastatic disease in the left adrenal gland was diagnosed by computerized tomography scanning. A CEA concentration gradient between the left adrenal artery and the left adrenal vein was detected by selective sampling of the appropriate vessels. After adrenalectomy, the serum CEA level returned to normal. In the second patient, a CEA gradient between the hepatic artery and the left hepatic vein helped localize metastatic disease in the left lobe of the liver, before it became evident by any other means. We conclude that subselective angiography and sampling of serum for CEA levels could serve as an auxiliary method of detecting obscure metastatic colorectal carcinoma in patients with elevated levels of the antigen.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed1980

Superficial head and neck metastases in adults with widespread cancer.

In this study of 1,782 adult patients with disseminated malignancies, superficial soft tissue cervicocephalic metastases developed in about 1 in 20. In only six patients was the primary tumor located in the head or neck, and in one of these did it involve the skin or oral mucosa. In each instance the intraoral or extraoral soft tissue metastases were clearly apparent on physical examination. Biopsy should be performed on every newly formed persistent mucocutaneous lump or bump in the head and neck to rule out not only local tumor but metastasis from remote primary lesions.

Carcinoma↗
PubMed1980

Radiosensitive, thymic hormone-sensitive peripheral blood suppressor cell activity in cancer patients.

Suppressor cell activity which was radiosensitive in most subjects and thymic hormone sensitive in some was identified in patients with cancer, and compared to simultaneously studied normal controls. Suppressor cell activity was measured in cocultures of normal lymphocytes with patient lymphocytes added in microwells using the blastogenic response to phytohemagglutinin and concanavalin A as the measure of activity. Thirty-five patients (lung cancer, 21; leukemia in remission, seven; and various solid tumors, seven) and an equal number of controls were studied. Suppressor cell activity was identified in 71% of the patients. In approximately 75% of these, the suppressor cell activity was radiosensitive (4000 to 6000 rads). For the phytohemagglutinin response, suppressor cell activity was thymic hormone sensitive in approximately 40% (Thymosin Fraction 5 or thymic humoral factor), and for the concanavalin A response, it was thymic hormone sensitive in about 25% of the cases. There was a significant correlation between the presence of immunodeficiency (defined as a phytohemagglutinin response < 35,000 or a concanavalin A response < 12,000 cpm) and the presence of the suppressor cell activity. The suppressor cell activity was heterogenous relative to its radiosensitivity and thymic hormone sensitivity. Suppressor cell activity was observed in all the patient categories. These results indicate that certain available therapeutic manipulations may have significant effects on suppressor cell activity and should be an important subject for further investigation.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1978

Enhancement of lung colony-forming efficiency by local thoracic irradiation: interpretation of labeled cell studies.

The dynamics of 125IUdR-labeled tumor cell retention in the lungs have been compared with the efficiency of lung colony formation over a wide range of inoculum sizes in normal mice and in mice pretreated with 1000 rads local thoracic irradiation (LTI). These studies indicate that the increase in lung colony yield after LTI cannot be ascribed to improved intravascular trapping or interstitial lodgement of tumor cells. Hypotheses purporting that active specific or nonspecific host defense might be impaired by LTI were reassessed but rejected in favor of the idea that radiation-induced alterations in the physiological mocroenvironment of the lungs improve an intrinsically poor survival capability of intravenously disseminated tumor cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Suppressor cell activity in cancer patients: a possible role for thymic hormones.

We have identified the presence of suppressor cell activity in the peripheral blood of immunosuppressed stage IV cancer patients. The patients' cells had a diminished mitogenic response to phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and suppressed the PHA mitogenic response of a normal donor's peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL). Thus, PBL from a cancer patient whose PHA mitogenic response was 3932 counts per minute (cpm), cultured together with a normal donor's PBL with a PHA mitogenic response of 82,865 net cpm, caused a greater than 50% reduction in the latter (37,651 net cpm). Suppressor cell activity was present in 12 of 14 patients tested. This effect was partially mitigated by irradiation with 4000 rads in nine of 14 patients. Preincubation of the patients' cells with thymosin followed by the addition of thymosin to the co-cultured cells mitigated the suppressor activity in five of ten patients and thymic humoral factor did the same in four of 11 patients. A radiosensitive and thymic hormone-responsive suppressor cell may be present in the peripheral blood of cancer patients. Confirmation of this preliminary observation and further characterization of the cell or cells is currently being undertaken.

Female↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Phase II study of Taxol in patients with advanced gastric carcinoma.

PURPOSE: Taxol (paclitaxel) represents a new class of anticancer agent with activity against a wide variety of solid tumors. It has been found to be active in patients with adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus. To determine its activity against gastric adenocarcinoma, we conducted a phase II trial of Taxol in chemotherapy-naive patients with advanced disease. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients with measurable, unresectable, metastatic gastric carcinoma with performance status < or = 2 by Zubrod scale were eligible. Patients had to have normal liver, renal, and bone marrow functions. Written informed consent was obtained from all patients. The starting dose of Taxol was 200 mg/m2 infused over either 3 hours (in the first 15 patients) or 24 hours (in the subsequent 18 patients). Taxol was repeated every 21 days. Response was evaluated after two courses. RESULTS: Thirty-three patients were registered. The median number of courses was two (range, 1 to 12; total, 112 courses). Thirty patients were evaluable for response and toxicity. Among the first 15 patients (two inevaluable) receiving Taxol over 3 hours, there were one partial response (PR) (one of 13 patients, or 8%; 95% confidence interval, 0% to 36%) and three minor responses (MRs). However, among the 18 patients (one inevaluable) receiving Taxol over 24 hours, there were four PRs (four of 17 patients or 23%; 95% confidence interval, 7% to 50%) and three MRs. The overall PR rate was 17% (five of 30 patients; 95% confidence interval, 6% to 35%). The median duration of PR was 6.5 months (range, 2.3 months to 11.3+ months. There were no treatment-related deaths. Myelosuppression was more severe with the 24-hour schedule than with the 3-hour schedule. CONCLUSIONS: Taxol has a modest degree of activity against gastric carcinoma. It is well tolerated by the patients. Further studies of Taxol in combination with other active agents against gastric carcinoma should be considered.

Adenocarcinoma↗