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Biomedical subjects

Y Yoshida

Publications and source records attributed to Y Yoshida.

At least 973 records · Page 54Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Antitumor activity of Toxoplasma lysate antigen against methylcholanthrene-induced tumor-bearing rats.

Growth of the tumor autoinduced by 20-methylcholanthrene (MC) in rats was inhibited after administration of Toxoplasma lysate antigen (TLA). The antitumor activity of TLA was most obvious in the early stage of tumoral growth. When TLA was administered to rats before the appearance of tumour, tumor formation was delayed slightly. Histopathological studies revealed dense growths of spindle tumor cells in untreated control rat, while enlarged central necrosis with the infiltration of lymphocytes and neutrophils was apparent in TLA-treated rats. According to the immunohistological examination of tumor tissue with anti-Thy-1 antibody, the rats treated with TLA showed large Thy-1 positive granular cells, whereas the untreated rats indicated only a few small Thy-1 positive cells. These observations indicate that TLA is a useful modifier of biological responses to MC-induced tumors.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Postremission therapy without prednisolone improves survival in adults with acute leukemia.

This prospective randomized clinical trial was to clarify whether postremission therapy without prednisolone (PSL) was more effective than therapy with PSL in improving the 5-year survival of adults with acute leukemia. Thirty consecutive adult patients with newly achieved complete remission were randomized to receive postremission therapy either with or without PSL between September 1985 and September 1988. The patients ranged from 16 to 57 years in age. Patients treated without PSL had a significantly better 5-year survival rate than those receiving PSL according to Kaplan-Meier analysis (53.5% vs 15.3%, p < 0.05). In the group treated without PSL, eight out of 15 patients were alive at 72 months, and seven patients maintained their first complete remission at 72 months. Among patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) who were treated without PSL the median duration of remission was 24 months, and the survival rate at 72 months was 50.0%. On the other hand, the median survival was only 13 months for the 5 patients with ALL treated with PSL. Thus, it is desirable that adults with acute leukemia are treated by postremission therapy without PSL.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1992

Pulmonary infiltration and eosinophilia associated with sulfasalazine therapy for ulcerative colitis: a case report and review of literature.

We report a 52-yr-old man with ulcerative colitis who developed sulfasalazine-induced pulmonary infiltration with eosinophilia (PIE syndrome), which resolved completely after withdrawal of this drug. Desensitization to sulfasalazine was successful, and allowed the patient to receive this drug without recurrence of the pulmonary toxicity. This is the first case of the sulfasalazine-induced PIE syndrome in Japan; a review of the world literature found no previous cases of successful desensitization following sulfasalazine-induced PIE syndrome.

Colitis, Ulcerative↗
PubMed1992

Thoracic extramedullary hematopoiesis associated with hereditary spherocytosis.

A 54-year-old man was diagnosed with hereditary spherocytosis. An X-ray of the chest disclosed bilateral round masses in the upper and lower posterior mediastinum. CT showed homogeneous round masses of soft tissue density in the posterior mediastinum. A needle biopsy of the mass showed hyperplastic erythroid bone marrow. Fatty metamorphosis of the masses was observed in CT 2 years after splenectomy but showed no change in size.

Hematopoiesis, Extramedullary↗
PubMed1992

Truncal hypesthesia in patients with Minamata disease.

Patients with Minamata disease (methylmercury intoxication) usually suffer from the glove and stocking type hypesthesia in the extremities. Recently it is believed that the sensory disturbance of the disease may be a manifestation of the cerebral involvement. The aim of this study was to determine the pain threshold of their extremities and body by algesimeter. The results showed that a majority of the patients had elevated pain thresholds in the body and the extremities, and suggest that the pain impairment is not responsible for the peripheral nerve involvement.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

DNA ploidy and proliferative characteristics of human trophoblasts.

By using DNA cytofluorometry, DNA ploidy and the distribution pattern of human trophoblasts at different sites were studied throughout pregnancy, and the proliferative activity during cell differentiation of trophoblasts was discussed. In the first and second trimesters, cytofluorometric nuclear DNA analysis demonstrated that cytotrophoblasts in the tip of the anchoring villi (proximal portion of the cell column) consisted of proliferating diploid and tetraploid populations. Cytotrophoblasts in the distal portion of the cell columns consisted of non-proliferating diploid and tetraploid trophoblasts, as also did intermediate trophoblasts invading the maternal tissue. Villous trophoblasts consisted of proliferating diploid populations. In term placenta, villous trophoblasts were proliferating, diploid, whereas X-cells in the decidual tissue consisted of non-proliferating diploid and tetraploid populations. It was concluded that (1) trophoblasts in the generative zone consist of proliferating diploid and tetraploid populations, (2) intermediate trophoblasts having 4c DNA content were not proliferative, and (3) cytrotrophoblasts in the chorionic villi still had proliferative activity even in the term placenta.

Cell Count↗
PubMed1992

Distribution of filipin-sterol complexes in the bloodstream form of Trypanosoma brucei gambiense.

The polyene antibiotic, filipin, was used as a probe for demonstrating sterols in the plasma membrane of Trypanosoma brucei gambiense. Three different regions of the continuous plasma membrane over the cell body proper, flagellar pocket, and flagellum, were compared as to density and distribution of the filipin-sterol complexes by freeze-fracture method. The density of the complexes was highest in the cell body membrane and lowest over the flagellar pocket. The filipin-sterol complexes in the cell body membrane were distributed homogeneously on both the protoplasmic and exoplasmic faces except in the zone of flagellar attachment. This junctional zone showed a linear, complex-poor region. In the flagellar membranes, a line of complex-poor regions was observed along the juncture of the flagellum to the cell body. At the neck of the flagellar pocket, the membranes of the flagellar pocket and flagellum were closely opposed, with few filipin-sterol complexes on either membrane. At the base of the flagellar shaft, the complexes were completely lacking on both faces. Based on these observations, the zones of juncture observed in T.b. gambiense seems to be similar in ultrastructure to mammalian cell junctions, such as tight, gap, septate junctions and desmosomes, which show a nearly complete absence of the filipin-sterol complexes.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[Effect of oral adsorbent (AST-120) in the rat model of chronic renal failure induced by adriamycin].

The effect of AST-120 was examined in the rat model of CRF induced by adriamycin (ADM), which is known to induce focal glomerular sclerosis (GS). ADM (2mg/kg) was injected intravenously twice at a 3-wk interval. After 14 wks, rats were paired with control (C) and AST-120 (A) groups according to levels of BUN and proteinuria. Then, the rats were fed regular rat chow with (A, n = 10) or without (C, n = 10) AST-120. After 28 wks, there were more GS in C. Averaged sclerosis index (SI, 0-4 scale) in C was 1.97 (0.94-3.22), while 1.61 (0.60-2.97) in A. When GS was advanced in C (SI > 2.0), largely ameliorated SI was noted in A (2.61 vs. 1.97, C vs. A, p < 0.05 by paired W-test, n = 5 each). Also, in these rats, BUN, serum creatinine and Ht were all improved in A (p < 0.05). Thus, AST-120 was effective in CRF rats induced by ADM when uremia was advanced. The data also indicates that a reduction of uremic toxins could improve glomerular histology and renal function in CRF.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

A statistical study on clinical findings of solar keratosis.

Clinical findings were studied in 50 patients with 53 lesions of solar keratosis encountered during the 15 year period from 1977 to 1991. The majority of these cases were evident in the over-sixty age group (average 62.2 years). A greater proportion were females. Most lesions were observed on the face; especially on the cheek, and from the outer eyelid to the temple. The erythematous type (desquamative-keratotic) lesion was the most evident. With the exceptions of the years 1979 and 1991, no remarkable increase in the number of patients was noted during the 15 year period.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

A statistical study on histopathologic findings of solar keratosis.

We examined histopathologic data from 50 patients with 53 lesions of solar keratosis encountered over the past 15 years (1977 to 1991). The epidermis showed acanthosis, uneven epidermal dyeing properties, disorderly arrangement of the basal cells, atypia of the nucleus, mitotic figures and hyperpigmentation of the basal layers. The dermis showed actinic elastosis, cell infiltration mainly consisting of the lymphoid cells, and incontinentia pigmenti histologica. Among histologic types, the hypertrophic type was the primary example.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Clinical features of latent dilated cardiomyopathy].

To identify the evidence of presymptomatic manifestations of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), we studied 30 patients with latent DCM (mean 37 +/- 14 years) who satisfied the following criteria: 1) left ventricular (LV) systolic function was slightly reduced; 2) LV end-diastolic dimension (< 54 mm) and coronary arteries were normal. The incidence of ECG abnormalities was relatively high; nonspecific ST-T changes were the most common (90%). The incidence of grade 3 or 4 ventricular premature contractions according to Lown's classification on 24 hour ambulatory ECGs was 50%. Perfusion defects were observed in 83% on the thallium-201 images. Right ventricular biopsy showed that the interstitial fibrosis was milder (9 +/- 9%) in the study subjects than in 32 patients with DCM (17 +/- 8%) who were treated in our hospital, but there were no significant differences in the diameters of the myofibers (15 +/- 4 vs 17 +/- 4 microns) between the 2 groups. During the follow-up study, deterioration of LV dysfunction was observed in 3 patients. One patient died suddenly. These findings proved the importance of the early detection and characterization of latent state of DCM.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Investigation of two cases of adenoid cystic carcinoma of the esophagus].

A 59-year-old man and a 55-year-old man with adenoid cystic carcinoma of the esophagus are presented. They were also treated with esophagectomy but whose prognosis were significantly different. The former has been still alive for 3.5 years and the later died at 7 months after the operation. In the patient with good prognosis, the tumor was 1.6 x 1.2 cm in size and pathologically invaded muscularis propria (mp) with no metastases to lymph nodes (pathological stage I). It has been reported that the prognosis of adenoid cystic carcinoma of the esophagus is poorer than that of other histological type of carcinomas. However, it is suggested that if the tumor can been resected when it is small in size with no metastases, it will be able to expect for good prognosis as in this presentation.

Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic↗