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Y Ye

Publications and source records attributed to Y Ye.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Analysis of WT1 in granulosa cell and other sex cord-stromal tumors.

The molecular genetic events involved in the etiology of granulosa cell, Sertoli cell, and Leydig cell tumors are unknown. The expression of the Wilms' tumor suppressor gene WT1 in granulosa and Sertoli cells prompted us to analyze this gene for mutations in 11 granulosa cell tumors, three Leydig cell tumors, and one Sertoli/Leydig cell tumor. Although most of these tumors express WT1 mRNA, none harbors a WT1 mutation in the zinc finger domains where > 90% of WT1 mutations in sporadic Wilms' tumors have been found. In addition we were able to exclude tumor-specific loss of heterozygosity in 13 of 15 cases. Taken together these results suggest that the WT1 gene is unlikely to play an important role in the development of sex cord-stromal tumors.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Binding and specificity of major immunoglobulin classes of preformed human anti-pig heart antibodies.

Preformed human anti-pig antibodies isolated from perfused pig hearts were used to analyze the binding of various immunoglobulin classes to cultured pig kidney cells. All anti-pig immunoglobulins (i.e., IgG, IgA, and IgM) were localized on the cell surface by the use of an indirect immunofluorescence technique. Anti-pig immunoglobulins also competed for the pig cell surface epitopes with Griffonia simplicifolia lectin (GS-I-B4), which is specific for alpha-galactosyl residues. This study provides further evidence that preformed human antibodies recognizing alpha-galactosyl-containing epitopes (anti-gal antibodies) could be an important factor in hyperacute rejection of pig organs.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Identification of alpha-galactosyl and other carbohydrate epitopes that are bound by human anti-pig antibodies: relevance to discordant xenografting in man.

Human anti-pig antibodies were obtained by perfusing pig hearts (n = 4) and kidneys (n = 8) with human AB or O plasma followed by elution with 3 M NaSCN. The antibodies were screened against a panel of 132 synthetic carbohydrates conjugated to bovine serum albumin using an enzyme-linked immunoassay. An anti-immunoglobulin antibody was also used to detect immunoglobulin deposits on pig tissues. Four carbohydrate molecules with a terminal alpha-galactose residue bound all but one of the human anti-pig kidney antibodies and most of the anti-pig heart antibodies. These were: (i) alpha Gal(1-->3)beta Gal(1-->4)beta GlcNac (linear B type 2); (ii) alpha Gal(1-->3)beta Gal(1-->4)beta Glc (linear B type 6); (iii) alpha Gal(1-->3)beta Gal(B disaccharide); and (iv) alpha Gal(alpha-D-galactose). Immunoglobulin deposition was documented post-plasma perfusion in all pig hearts and particularly strongly in all pig kidneys. These results suggest that human anti-pig antibodies are mainly directed against alpha-galactosyl structures. Extracorporeal immunoadsorption of human plasma through columns of the specific synthetic carbohydrate(s) might lead to depletion of anti-pig antibodies and allow discordant xenografting in man. Alternatively, the infusion of the specific carbohydrate(s) for a period of several days might result in neutralization of the anti-pig antibodies and allow accommodation to take place.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1993

Specific intravenous carbohydrate therapy. A new concept in inhibiting antibody-mediated rejection--experience with ABO-incompatible cardiac allografting in the baboon.

Heterotopic allografting of ABO-incompatible donor hearts in recipient baboons "hyperimmunized" against the incompatible A or B antigen (n = 3) was followed by hyperacute antibody-mediated vascular rejection within a mean of 19 min. The A and B epitopes against which these antibodies are directed are carbohydrates that can be synthesized. The continuous i.v. infusion of the specific synthetic A or B trisaccharide, beginning immediately pre-transplant and continued posttransplant for several days, prolonged allograft survival to a mean of 8 days (n = 2) and prevented antibody-mediated rejection, graft failure resulting from acute cellular rejection. The addition of triple pharmacologic immunosuppressive therapy (n = 4) resulted in prolongation of graft survival to a mean of > 28 days, with one heart still beating at 52 days; all grafts showed features of cellular rejection. "Accommodation" would appear to have developed in several baboons as graft function continued for periods of up to 39 days after discontinuation of carbohydrate therapy. Specific i.v. carbohydrate therapy should allow organ allografting to be performed across the ABO blood group barrier in humans. Furthermore, if the carbohydrate epitopes on the organs of discordant animals (e.g., the pig) against which human xenoreactive antibodies are directed can be confirmed, then this form of therapy might allow successful discordant organ xenotransplantation in man.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1993

Carbohydrate antigens of pig tissues reacting with human natural antibodies as potential targets for hyperacute vascular rejection in pig-to-man organ xenotransplantation.

Pig tissues were screened by immunofluorescence with lectins, mAb, and human natural antibodies for the presence of carbohydrate antigens, which may be potential targets for hyperacute vascular rejection in pig to man xenotransplantation. The unfucosylated monomorph linear B-antigen was found at the surface of all porcine vascular endothelial cells. This pig linear-B antigen reacts strongly with the anti-alpha Gal isolectin B4 from Griffonia simplicifolia 1 and with human natural anti-alpha Gal antibodies specifically purified by affinity chromatography on synthetic oligosaccharides containing the terminal nonreducing alpha Gal1-->3 beta Gal-R disaccharide. This antigenic activity is destroyed by treatment of pig tissues with alpha-galactosidase. The localization of this linear-B epitope on vascular endothelium and its reactivity with natural human anti-alpha Gal antibodies suggest that it may play a major role in the hyperacute vascular rejection of pig to man organ xenografts. The lectin from Maackia amurensis reacting with alpha NeuAc2-->3 beta Gal1-->4GlcNAc/Glc was also positive on pig vascular endothelium, but we do not know yet whether there are human natural antibodies reacting with the carbohydrate recognized by this lectin. Epithelial cells of pig renal proximal convoluted tubules, respiratory epithelium, pancreatic ducts, and epidermis express the linear-B antigen, but they are less likely to trigger a hyperacute vascular rejection because they are not directly exposed to the blood. The genetically defined pig A+/A- system controls the expression of A and H antigens in pig epithelial cells from renal distal and collecting tubules, biliary ducts, pancreatic ducts, large bronchi, and digestive mucosa. The pig A antigen may trigger an immune response in human O or B recipients if they are transplanted with organs from A+ pigs, but the pig A antigen is probably not involved in the hyperacute vascular rejection of a xenograft because it is not expressed on vascular endothelium.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1993

[The effect of electroacupuncture on the function of the partially denervated bladder in rabbits].

Experiments were done with male rabbits (2.5-3.0 Kg). The postganglionic fibers from bilateral pelvica ganglia to the bladder were excised partially and resulted in reversible retention urine. The pressure-volume curve of bladder and volume of residual urine was measured at the third day, sixth day, thirteenth day, twentieth day and twenty-seventh day after the operation of denervation and compared with preoperation respectively. The rabbits were divided into two groups at random. In electroacupuncture group, immediately after the operation of denervation, the intradermal needles were implanted in derma of bilateral "Subcortex" auriculopoint. Before each measurement electroacupuncture at these points and bilateral "Shenshu" (somatic point) was given for 10 minutes. In control group, the operation of denervation was undergone as well but did not be implanted the needle and given electroacupuncture. The results showed that, before the operation a smooth or slowly uniform rising wave appeared on the pressure-volume curve of bladder and only a peak repeated on this background at an instant every injecting water. But after the operation, due to losing of control of parasympathetic nerve partially the pressure-volume curve of bladder appeared ascending step wave evidently after every injecting water. The bladder volume and the residual urine increased evidently. The differences between before and after the operation were statistically significant (P < 0.05). It showed that, after denervating partially the adaptation of the rabbits' bladder was decreased. But on the third day and the sixth day after operation the residual urine decreased more evident in electroacupuncture group than in control group (P < 0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Acupuncture Points↗
PubMed1993

A suggested technique for "orthotopic" heart transplantation in a patient with situs inversus.

We describe a technique for "orthotopic" heart transplantation in a patient with situs inversus. The left atrial, aortic, and pulmonary artery anastomoses were performed directly, in the usual manner. The recipient's right atrium was converted into a tunnel, and the donor's right atrium was left intact. Anastomoses were therefore required between the 2 inferior venae cavae (by direct end-to-end anastomosis) and the 2 superior venae cavae (necessitating the insertion of a Dacron-graft). We suggest that even simpler techniques, perhaps not requiring the use of an artificial vascular prosthesis, are possible.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of substances that carry blood group A specificity.

An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed to estimate the amount of material carrying blood group A activity in biologic samples. A soluble synthetic form of the A antigenic determinant (A trisaccharide, ATS) conjugated to peroxidase competes with the blood group A substance present in a biologic sample for anti-A attached to a solid phase by a second antibody coating the plastic micro-wells. A reference curve is constructed by using known quantities of ATS to compete with a fixed amount of ATS-peroxidase conjugate. The A substance activity in a sample is obtained by extrapolating the degree of inhibition of the binding of the ATS-peroxidase conjugate to an equivalent amount of ATS in the reference curve. The assay is reproducible, specific, and sensitive. It has been used in pharmacologic studies to estimate the concentration of ATS in the blood and urine of rats, rabbits, and baboons and in a study with human samples, testing the potential clinical use of ATS to neutralize anti-A when therapeutically indicated. It is also useful for the detection of ABO natural products in secretions, thus allowing the accurate classification of secretor and nonsecretor individuals.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1991

[Studies on the antitumor antibiotic aclacinomycin A].

During the course of screening for new antitumor antibiotics, a new anthracycline antibiotic--aclacinomycin A was separated from the broth and mycelium of Streptomyces AC-57. The strain AC-57 was isolated from the soil collected in the Shanghai suburbs. According to its culture and physiological characteristics the producer was identified as Str. galilaeus AC-57. The broth and mycelium were extracted and treated with solvents as usual way. The aclacinomycin A was separated by silica-gel column chromatography eluted with chrolo-form-methanol. Aclacinomycin A, its aglycone and sugar components were identified by comparison of their physico-chemical and spectral data (MS, UV, IR, 1H-NMR, and 13C-NMR) with authentic compound, purified from the market sample.

Aclarubicin↗