Biomedical subjects

Y Yasuda

Publications and source records attributed to Y Yasuda.

At least 307 records · Page 17Linked to original sources

PubMed1986

Decreased particulate NADH oxidase activity in Bacillus subtilis spores after polymyxin B treatment.

The activities of several enzymes of polymyxin B-treated dormant and germinated spores of Bacillus subtilis were examined. The particulate NADH oxidase of the antibiotic-treated spores showed considerably lower specific and total activities compared with those of untreated ones. The specific and total NADH oxidase activities of untreated spores increased 12- and 15-fold respectively during germination, whereas increases during germination of polymyxin B-treated spores were inhibited. The specific and total activities of particulate NADH cytochrome c reductase of dormant spores were decreased by polymyxin B treatment in almost the same proportion as those of the particulate NADH oxidase. The specific activity of NADH dehydrogenase of dormant spores remained unchanged after antibiotic treatment but the total activity fell considerably. The activities of other enzymes examined were similar for untreated dormant and germinated spores and antibiotic-treated spores. The respiration of polymyxin B-treated dormant spores was inhibited at the same time as the start of germination. Morphologically, polymyxin B-treated dormant spores lost a laminar structure of the cortex and details of the spore protoplast. The inhibitory mechanism of particulate NADH oxidase activity of polymyxin B-treated dormant spores is discussed.

Alanine Dehydrogenase↗

PubMed1986

On latent school refusal in junior high school.

School refusal is a grave social problem for adolescents, their families, schools and society in Japan today as well as other developed countries. We researched the mentality of junior high school pupils about their feelings or moods toward school attendance with a set of questionnaires in order to know how much they were oppressed by daily school attendance. From such a viewpoint, we tried the questionnaire program at seven public junior high schools in a small city in the suburbs that developed rapidly and located not far away from a big city. We selected our subjects at random from one class out of each grade of each junior high school. The number of the subject pupils was 838: 429 boys and 409 girls. We postulated that the latent school refusals were those who answered all "yes" to three items which was always the case by school refusals in our clinical experience. We found 117 latent school refusals out of the 838: 65 boys and 52 girls. We considered three factors--problems concerning school, family and other daily activities. From our research, we recognize that there are many pupils attending school with the possibility of them becoming dropouts (14.0%). Their mentality is characteristic of school refusal itself while they attend school almost everyday. We clinicians should be aware of the social structure and make every effort to secure the healthy development of adolescents.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1986

In vitro secondary generation of cytotoxic T lymphocytes in mice with mumps virus and their mumps-specific cytotoxicity among paramyxoviruses.

Murine cells (L929, MC57G, and P815 mastocytoma) defectively infected with the egg-adapted vaccine strain of mumps virus were found to be susceptible to cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated lysis. In vitro secondary, but not in vivo primary, generated CTL caused cytolysis of these targets in an H-2-restricted manner. UV-inactivated-mumps virus-coated murine cells were also found to be susceptible to CTL-mediated lysis. Comparisons of murine CTL-mediated lysis by three paramyxoviruses (mumps, Sendai, and Newcastle disease viruses) indicated that no cross-reactivity occurred. The CTL response with mumps virus exhibited specific unresponsiveness patterns, as influenced by the H-2 K/D regions of the mouse strains, that were partially different from those of Sendai virus and Newcastle disease virus.

Animals↗

PubMed1986

The anterior half of mouse palatal shelf is elevated by a remodeling movement.

During the development of the mammalian secondary palate, the lateral palatine process (the palatal shelf) rises from the vertical plane beside the tongue to the horizontal plane above it. To determine the mode of elevation of the palatal shelf, we have cultured the whole ICR mouse fetus on day 14 (0-2 h) of gestation with a scratch as a marker at the distal edge of the anterior fourth of the vertical palatal shelf. After 6-18 h of culture, the survival ratio was 78.9%, and the palatal shelf rose horizontally above the tongue in 22.2% of the surviving fetuses. The scratch was found as a scar on the oral epithelium laterally to the medial edge of the elevated palatal shelf. These results indicate that the medial edge of the horizontal shelf was newly formed from the medial wall of the preceding vertical-stage shelf during elevation, and that the palatal shelf was elevated by a remodeling process in the anterior half of the shelf.

Animals↗

PubMed1986

Autosomal dominant osteosclerosis associated with familial spinal canal stenosis.

We studied a family with autosomal dominant osteosclerosis associated with familial spinal canal stenosis. The propositus, a 44-year-old Japanese woman, had a 9-month history of occipitalgia and left tinnitus, and also had a 2-month history of pain and numbness of the right upper limb. Radiographic skeletal survey showed osteosclerotic changes in the neurocranium, diaphysis of the long bone, mandible, shoulder, clavicle, and ribs. Serum alkaline phosphatase was normal, and no periosteal excrescences were seen. The inheritance pattern was autosomal dominant. The propositus and her daughter, both with severe osteosclerosis, showed spinal canal stenosis, but her son, whose osteosclerosis was moderate, did not. This is the first report of autosomal dominant osteosclerosis associated with familial spinal canal stenosis.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1986

Fluid volume balance between pulmonary intravascular space and extravascular space in dogs.

We aimed to study the agreement of estimates of the pulmonary blood volume by the double indicator dilution method and the direct destructive method and the fluid volume balance between the pulmonary intravascular and extravascular spaces. We employed the double indicator dilution method using heat and indocyanine green, with a single injection (into the right atrium) and double sampling technique, that is from the pulmonary artery trunk (PAT) and the aortic root (Ao). With this method, we simultaneously determined the pulmonary extravascular water volume (PEWV), defined as the extravascular lung thermal volume estimated in Ao (LTVAo), and the pulmonary blood volume (PBV) from PAT to the left atrium (LA) (PBVPAT-LA). Dogs were divided into groups: a group without intervention (n = 16), a group loaded with dextran (n = 12) and a group loaded with alloxan (n = 7). When all groups were included, PBVPAT-LA (ml/kg) = 1.02 X PBVdirect(g/kg) + 0.96, n = 35, r = 0.83 where PBVdirect means the blood contents from the pulmonary artery bifurcation to the pulmonary vein measured by the direct destructive method. We substantiated the validity of the use of the double indicator dilution method. In studying the fluid volume balance, based on the results of the direct destructive method, the pulmonary intravascular-extravascular fluid volume ratio (intra/extra) was 1.3 +/- 0.3 (mean +/- SD) in the control state, implying that the interstitium in the lung is relatively "dry". As overt pulmonary edema developed by dextran infusion, the ratio exponentially decreased to 1.0 +/- 0.1 (p less than 0.01). The behavior of the fluid volume balance in question (intra/extra), studied with the double indicator dilution method, was essentially similar to that analyzed by the direct destructive method.

Alloxan↗

PubMed1986

The effects of acebutolol alone and in combination with furosemide or hydralazine in experimentally induced hypertensive G-minipigs.

Experimentally induced hypertensive G-minipigs were used for assessing the antihypertensive effects of acebutolol, a cardioselective beta-adrenergic blocking agent. In the acute experiment, six females were used. Acebutolol (3 mg/kg, i.v.) alone or in combination with furosemide (1 mg/kg, i.v.) or hydralazine (1 mg/kg, i.v.) was administered through an implanted catheter. In the chronic experiments, five females received oral acebutolol (100-200 mg/day). The blood pressure, heart rate, plasma renin activity (PRA) and plasma aldosterone concentration (PAC) were used as parameters. In the acute experiment, there were no marked changes in the blood pressure or heart rate during the nondosing period. Acebutolol alone caused a marked decrease in the blood pressure and heart rate. In the two combination tests, combined administration with acebutolol and furosemide had a greater effect on the blood pressure and heart rate than did acebutolol alone. A combined acebutolol and hydralazine regimen caused a slight reduction not only in the blood pressure, but also in the heart rate compared with acebutolol alone. PRA and PAC remained essentially constant, with minor fluctuations, throughout the nondosing period. Following the injection of acebutolol alone, PRA showed an elevation with a significant rise after three hours and PAC showed a tendency to increase. PRA and PAC generally tended to increase in the case of combined administration with furosemide or hydralazine, but these tendencies were less conspicuous than with acebutolol alone. On the other hand, chronic treatment with acebutolol produced a significant decrease in the heart rate from two weeks after the administration and in the blood pressure from four weeks.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Acebutolol↗

PubMed1986