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Biomedical subjects

Y Yasuda

Publications and source records attributed to Y Yasuda.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Chest wall reconstruction using polyester mesh].

Using polyester, we prepared a new material for chest wall reconstruction. The polyester mesh has the same rigidity and elasticity as Marlex tracheal mesh. From January 1987 through July 1991, we performed chest wall reconstruction using the polyester mesh in 8 patients with lung cancer, 9 with empyema after open drainage, 2 with metastatic chest wall tumors, 1 with a primary osteogenic giant cell tumor originating from the rib and 1 with radiation dermatitis and costal chondritis. Three or more ribs were resected in 17 patients. The defects of the chest wall were reconstructed with the polyester mesh covered with a GORE-TEX soft tissue patch to achieve air tightness. Fifteen cases have passed at least one year with no sign of infection. In conclusion, the polyester mesh prevents flail chest and seems to be a satisfactory material for chest wall reconstruction.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Sphenoid sinus mucocele with recurrent visual disturbance].

We presented a case with sphenoid sinus mucocele associated with recurrent visual disturbance on the same side. A 22-year-old female showed two episodes of visual disturbance on the left eye for three months. She was diagnosed as acute retrobulbar optic neuritis and was treated with cortico-steroid. In two episodes visual disturbance improved in a week. MRI showed a mucocele in the left sphenoid sinus. No destruction of left optic canal was found in roentgenogram and the left optic nerve showed swelling with high intensity in T2-weighted MRI. Therefore the expansion of inflammation or edema in optic canal rather than direct compression by expanding mucocele was considered as pathogenesis of the visual disturbance. In a case of recurrent and unilateral visual disturbance, a mucocele of posterior paranasal sinus should be suspected in the differential diagnosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Surgical treatment of lung cancer with mediastinoscopic positive lymph nodes].

There are no definite criteria for the indication of surgery in lung cancer with mediastinal lymph node involvement. During the past 20 years, 100 patients (76 patients with adenocarcinoma and 24 patients with squamous cell carcinoma) have undergone thoracotomy for lung cancer with mediastinoscopic positive lymph nodes at our hospital. Of these, relatively curative resection was performed on 13 patients. The 5-year survival rate in these 13 patients was 28%, which was significantly higher than the 0% in 42 patients with relatively non-curative resection and the 0% in 26 patients with absolutely non-curative resection. The 5-year survival rate was 9% in both T1 (n = 14) patients and T2 (n = 37) patients. No T3 (n = 21) and T4 (n = 9) patients survived 3 years. The 5 year survival rate in patients with squamous cell carcinoma was 12% and that in patients with adenocarcinoma was 0%, but there was no significant difference. The survival rates of T1 and T2 patients were significantly higher than that of T3 patients (p less than 0.02 and p less than 0.005) respectively. Contralateral mediastinal lymph node metastasis (N3) was observed significantly more frequently in patients with adenocarcinoma (38%) than in those with squamous cell carcinoma (13%), but there was no significant difference in the survival rate. In N2 patients, the survival rate was compared between those with mediastinal nodal involvement of an early stage (N2-1) and those with lymph node metastasis of more advanced stage (N2-2) according to the lobe bearing the primary cancer.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1991

Gene expression of fibroblast growth factor receptors in the tissues of human gliomas and meningiomas.

Northern blot analysis showed transcripts of two types of the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) receptor genes, flg and bek, in almost all the tissues samples of 18 human gliomas and 22 human meningiomas, which produced abundant basic and/or acidic FGF. From immunohistochemistry, FGF receptors were expressed in the tumor cells of a glioma and a meningioma. RNA expression of these FGF receptors was also detectable in normal human brains and normal bovine meninges. The expression level of either FGF receptor gene was not significantly different between tumor tissues and normal tissues.

Blotting, Northern↗
PubMed1991

Intrathoracic fibrin glue for postoperative pleuropulmonary fistula.

Twenty cases of persistent pleuropulmonary fistula after a thoracic surgical procedure were successfully treated with fibrin glue injection into the thoracic cavity through a drainage tube. A new technique, the overlying method, which is a modification of the conventional technique of fibrin glue injection, was devised. Each patient received one to four injections (mean number, 1.6). This method resulted in closure of the pleuropulmonary fistula in all but 1 patient. Minor complications included pain in 1 patient and fever in 3 patients. A control study involving 24 patients with pleuropulmonary fistula was performed. Autoblood, OK-432, and tetracycline were used instead of fibrin glue. The fistula resolved in 12 patients. Complications after injection included pain in 15 patients, fever in 10, and occlusion of the chest tube in 4. With our new method, patients rarely exhibited pain and fever, and occlusion of the chest tube did not occur.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Changes in facial skin temperature associated with chewing efforts in man: a thermographic evaluation.

Eleven healthy male adults chewed hard and soft chewing-gums for 5 min. A thermographic record of the face on the chewing side was made at the beginning of, during and after the effort. Facial temperature distributions during open/close cyclic unloaded jaw movements were recorded at a later date. The dimensions of the zones whose temperatures were 1.4 degrees C or more higher than the central temperature during the experiment were determined. There was a linear increase in the dimensions of these zones after the chewing. In contrast, the cyclic jaw movements did not result in significant increases. Chewing the hard gum produced significantly higher temperature rises than did the soft in the masseter area. After the chewing effort, the temperature fell gradually, but did not return to the initial state even after 30 min. The overall decreasing pattern of the temperature distribution for chewing the soft gum was similar to that for the hard gum. The facial temperature associated with chewing efforts rose in accordance with the resistance offered by the chewing-gums.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

The potential importance of swainsonine in therapy for cancers and immunology.

Swainsonine, an indolizidine alkaloid, was initially used in biomedical research as a tool to investigate the biosynthesis and function of asparagine-linked 'complex' type oligosaccharide moieties of glycoproteins. Recently, swainsonine has generated interest in its potential use as an anticancer agent with reports that it (i) inhibits tumor growth and metastasis, (ii) augments natural killer (NK) and macrophage-mediated tumor cell killing, and (iii) stimulates bone marrow cell proliferation. The antineoplastic activity of swainsonine can be explained at least in part by augmentation of immune effector mechanisms. The potential application of swainsonine as an anticancer agent is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Crossed innervation of the superior rectus.

We studied two patients which showed a paralysis of the oculomotor nerve on one side and isolated paralysis of the superior rectus on the other side. On the side of oculomotor nerve paralysis, midbrain infarct extending from the paramedian tegmentum to crus cerebri was demonstrated in one case who showed no recovery, and a small lacuna in midbrain tegmentum in another one who showed complete recovery. On the side of isolated paralysis of the superior rectus, no lesion was demonstrated by CT and MRI, and no clinical signs of the involvement of fiber tracts or nuclei were evident in both cases. A unilateral lesion of oculomotor nerve nucleus caused a paralysis of the contralateral superior rectus.

Female↗
PubMed1991

Tissue distribution of 111In-labeled uricase conjugated with charged dextrans and polyethylene glycol.

Uricase (UC) was conjugated with dextran, cationic diethylaminoethyl-dextran (DEAED), and anionic carboxymethyl-dextran (CMD) giving a molecular weight of 10000 by the periodate oxidation method. Their disposition characteristics were studied after intravenous injection (i.v.) in mice. Disposition of the conjugate with activated polyethylene glycol (PEG2) with a similar molecular weight was also studied for comparison. Tissue distribution of the 111In-labeled UC in these conjugates was evaluated by a tissue uptake clearance index calculated in terms of clearance. After i.v. injection, 111In-UC was slowly eliminated from the circulation and gradually accumulated in the liver, spleen, and kidney. Conjugation with neutral dextran slightly enhanced the uptake of 111In-UC by the liver and spleen, while PEG2 conjugation decreased the tissue uptake and resulted in extremely long plasma retention. On the other hand, DEAED and CMD conjugation resulted in significant enhancement and reduction of hepatic uptake, respectively. These results demonstrated that the pharmacokinetic behaviour of UC can be widely controlled by chemical modification with macromolecules having adequate physiochemical properties.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

A case-control study of lung cancer with special reference to asbestos exposure.

A case-control study of lung cancer was carried out in Yokosuka City, Kanagawa Prefecture, the location of a pre-war Japanese Imperial naval factory and present site of a U.S. naval base. Cytologically or pathologically confirmed male fatal cases of lung cancer during the period of 1978 to 1982 in Yokosuka Kyosai Hospital were compared with a control group in the same hospital. Controls who died from causes other than cancer, pneumoconiosis, accident, or suicide were matched by age to the cases. Information that included occupational and smoking history was obtained by interviews with the families of the 96 cases and 86 controls. Major results were as follows: a) The relative risks of lung cancer associated with asbestos exposure and suspected exposure were 2.41 (p less than 0.05) and 1.56, respectively, after controlling for age and smoking history, and the relative risk associated with smoking was 6.01 (p less than 0.05) after adjusting for age and asbestos exposure. b) The age- and smoking-adjusted relative risks of lung cancer associated with asbestos exposure were 3.40 (p less than 0.01) and 1.72 for Kreyberg groups I and II, respectively. Significantly elevated relative risk associated with smoking history was demonstrated for Kreyberg group I, but not for group II, after controlling for age and asbestos exposure.

Asbestos↗
PubMed1991

[Surgical indications for thoracotomy in cases of small advanced lung cancer by use of DNA content analysis and mediastinoscopy].

Twenty-seven patients with small advanced lung cancer were treated at Kyoto Katsura Hospital. Of 27 patients, 19 patients underwent thoracotomy. The mean survival time of the 19 resected patients was 49 months, while that of the 8 unresected patients was 36 months. There was no statistically significant difference between these mean survival times. Of the 19 resected patients, 6 patients underwent a relative curative operation (RCO), 4 patients underwent a relative noncurative operation, and 9 patients underwent an absolute noncurative operation. The respective mean survival times were 79 months, 30, and 33. We compared the mean survival time of RCO cases with that of the unresected cases, and there was a significant difference in favor of the RCO cases. So we recommend thoracotomy for patients with small advanced lung cancer if RCO is possible, and that requires of a histological classification of less than N2. We performed mediastinoscopy for 18 of the 27 patients to check for mediastinal lymph node metastasis, and 16 of those patients were confirmed to have metastasis pathologically. Mediastinoscopy is useful and reliable for confirming lymph node metastasis, because it gives us a pathological diagnosis. We also performed DNA content analysis on the 19 resected cases. There were 7 DNA diploidy cases, 11 DNA aneuploidy cases, and 1 case couldn't be determined. There was no significant difference between the mean survival times of DNA diploidy cases and the DNA aneuploidy cases.

Aneuploidy↗
PubMed1991

Development of Babesia ovata in the ovary and eggs of the tick, Haemaphysalis longicornis.

The ovary and eggs of adult tick Haemaphysalis longicornis (H. longicornis) infected with Babesia ovata (B. ovata), were examined at regular intervals of time. As a result kinetes could be detected in the ovary for the first time 6 days after engorgement. The kinetics could be classified into three types on the basis of their morphological characteristics. On the 2nd day after oviposition, round-formed protozoa were found in the ooplasm of the egg. In 5 days after oviposition, these round-formed bodies were transformed into club-forms. On the 9th day after oviposition, the kinetes were observed in the ooplasm. Morphologically, it seemed possible that B. ovata is transmitted by eggs of the tick, H. longicornis.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

DNA autosensitivity in two Japanese sisters.

Two cases of DNA autosensitivity in Japanese sisters are reported. Both patients developed painful ecchymoses and other bleeding disorders. Skin tests with autologous leukocyte lysates and calf thymus DNA produced intermediate-type reactions that were identical to spontaneous skin reactions. Pretreatment of DNA with either DNase or chloroquine sulfate inhibited these reactions. Our studies suggest that anti-DNA antibodies might contribute to the clinical symptoms of this disorder.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Acetylcholinesterase histochemistry in the non-endplate region of skeletal muscles and effect of denervation.

We measured acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in the non-endplate region of rat muscle, documenting its intrinsic activity within muscle fibers, as well as the extrinsic level in the capillaries and endomysium. When each muscle was considered as a whole, intrinsic AChE activity detected within the fibers was stronger in the fast-twitch extensor digitorum longus than in the slow-twitch soleus. Analysis of individual muscle fibers also showed the same tendency with a higher value in the fast-twitch type II fibers than in the slow-twitch type I fibers. On the average, 73% of the fibers showed intermediate or strong enzymatic activity in the fast-twitch muscle, whereas 56% of the slow-twitch muscle had only low activity. Sectioning or ligation of the sciatic nerve resulted in nearly complete abolition of the enzyme in the non-endplate region of the denervated muscles within 7 days, suggesting that nerve transmission regulates AChE activity not only in the endplate, as is well known, but also outside this region. Human skeletal muscles showed the same pattern of AChE activity in the non-endplate region as seen in rat muscles.

Acetylcholinesterase↗
PubMed1990

Discontinuity of primary and secondary neural tube in spina bifida induced by retinoic acid in mice.

This report shows by light microscopy the appearance of secondary neurulation separated from primary neurulation and its developmental fate in the spinal cord of mice exposed to retinoic acid in utero. The embryos and fetuses were derived from pregnant mice (ICR strain) given 60, 40, or 0 mg/kg of retinoic acid in olive oil on day 8 of gestation orally and killed 1, 2, or 10 days later. Separation of the primary neural fold from the secondary neural tube was seen in 9- and 10-day-old embryos: the caudal part of the neuroepithelium of the primary neural fold was disarranged with non-closed posterior neuropore, and underneath it the secondary neural tissue extended caudally with abnormal notochord. At term, fetuses showed spina bifida, including myeloschisis, myelocele, and diplomyelia (diastematomyelia) with abnormal distribution of ganglionic cells. These cord lesions were located between the third lumbar and second coccygeal levels. The former two cord anomalies were associated with diplomyelia and split the dorsal and ventral portions of the spinal cord with an overlapping zone between the third lumbar and third sacral levels. These findings suggest that the separation from primary neurulation is due to the lesions in both primary neural folds and notochord induced by retinoic acid and that the spinal cord caudal to the third lumbar level originates from both neuroectoderm and mesenchyme-like cells while that caudal to the third sacral level originates from mesenchyme-like cells only.

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced↗
PubMed1990

A nucleolar auto-antigen is part of a major chromosomal surface component.

Several nucleolar antigens are defined by human autoantibodies. These antigens can therefore be used to follow the fate of nucleolar components through mitosis when this major nuclear structure disintegrates and becomes reassembled in G1-phase. We found that fibrillarin leaves the nucleolus before complete breakdown of this structure and attaches to chromosomes before nuclear envelope breakdown. In mouse, fibrillarin attaches over the chromosomal surface except for the excluded centromeric region. The antigen is transported to the new nucleus via the chromosomes and is last seen on chromosomal surfaces facing the cytoplasm during nuclear envelope reformation. Lamin B reappears on the same chromosomal surfaces before the nucleolar antigen is removed and aggregates for new nucleolar reformation in G1-phase cells. From our observations, we postulate that the antigen acts in concert with other proteins as a nuclear envelope equivalent by forming a protective sheath around the chromosome, that it excludes larger molecules, and helps to separate the chromosomes, in addition to segregation of the ribonucleoprotein (RNP) back to the nucleus for nucleolar reconstruction. We also suggest that the selective retention of these antigens from certain areas on individual chromosomes together with specific lamin B attachment over these chromosomal surfaces allows for a nonrandom positioning of chromosomes in the nucleus.

Animals↗