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Biomedical subjects

Y Yanagihara

Publications and source records attributed to Y Yanagihara.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Biological activities of lipopolysaccharide-like substance (LLS) extracted from Leptospira interrogans serovar canicola strain Moulton.

The biological activities of lipopolysaccharide-like substance (LLS) extracted from Leptospira interrogans serovar canicola strain Moulton by the hot phenol-water method were studied in mice. The addition of 12.5 micrograms/ml or more of LLS fraction increased the incorporation of [3H]thymidine into in vitro cultured spleen cells of C57BL/6 mice, while the activity of the LLS fraction was about 20 times weaker than that of Salmonella typhimurium lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Pretreatment of murine spleen cells with rabbit anti-mouse thymocyte antiserum did not diminish the mitogenic activity of leptospiral LLS, and the LLS could not increase the incorporation of [3H]thymidine into thymocytes, suggesting that LLS acts on a B-lymphocyte population of lymphocytes. When sheep erythrocytes and LLS fraction were injected intraperitoneally into BALB/c mice, LLS exhibited an enhancing effect on antibody response in vivo. However, lethal toxicity of the LLS fraction was about 500 times lower than that of LPS in C57BL/6 mice loaded with galactosamine. No antitumor activity of leptospiral LLS (250-1,000 micrograms/mouse) against the ascites form of Ehrlich carcinoma in ddY mice was observed. The biological activities of the LLS fraction from the organism were weaker than those of gram-negative bacterial LPS, suggesting that Leptospira possesses no typical LPS.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1987

Biological activities of chemically synthesized 2-keto-3-deoxyoctonic acid-(alpha 2----6)-D-glucosamine analogs of lipid A.

The mitogenicity, lethal toxicity, and Shwartzman reaction of three derivatives of chemically synthesized 2-keto-3-deoxyoctonic acid-linked 2,3-diacyloxyacylglucosamine-4-phosphate (KDO-GlcN-4-P) were determined. The compounds, A-301 (with di-3-hexadecanoyloxytetradecanoyl at the C-2 and C-3 positions), A-303 (di-3-tetradecanoyloxytetradecanoyl), and A-305 (3-dodecanoyloxytetradecanoyl and 3-tetradecanoyloxytetradecanoyl), induced a significant incorporation of [3H]thymidine into splenocytes of C57BL/6 mice. The compounds A-301 and A-303 showed lethality at a high dose of 50 micrograms per mouse in C57BL/6 mice sensitized with D-galactosamine, whereas A-305 caused toxicity even at a dose of 10 micrograms per mouse. However, the three compounds did not elicit the local Shwartzman reaction in rabbits. These findings indicate that the addition of 2-keto-3-deoxyoctonic acid enhances the mitogenic activity of 2,3-diacyloxyacylglucosamine-4-phosphate but does not affect the lethal toxicity and the induction of Shwartzman reaction.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[Immunopharmacological approach to the modulation of IgE antibody formation].

Soluble factors released by both T and B cells are involved in the class-specific regulation of IgE antibody formation; some factors have affinity for IgE, whereas others do not. The induction phase of the primary and secondary IgE antibody response is highly sensitive to treatment with such factors or some drugs. In contrast, persistent IgE antibody formation is mostly insensitive to the same treatments, indicating that this phase differs apparently from the induction phase. Thus, it is very important to note the marked differences between the regulatory mechanisms of these two phases when drugs responsible for the suppression of IgE antibody response are developed. In the present review, the recent advances pertaining to the regulation of IgE antibody formation in animals and humans are described in view of immunopharmacology.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Effect of butyl 3-(1H-tetrazol-5-Yl) oxanilate (MTB) on immunological or non-immunological histamine and SRS(-A) release from guinea-pig, monkey and human lung tissue.

We investigated the influence of butyl 3-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl) oxanilate (MTB) on the release of histamine and slow reacting substance of anaphylaxis (SRS-A) in vitro. MTB dose-dependently inhibited the release of not only histamine but also SRS-A from passively sensitized guinea-pig lung, while disodium cromoglycate (DSCG) hardly affected either release. MTB also resulted in a dose-dependent inhibition of the release of these mediators from the passively sensitized cynomolgus and rhesus monkey and that from human lung at concentrations similar to those inhibiting the release in the guinea-pig. Relatively lower inhibitory activities on the releases of both mediators from the cynomolgus monkey and human lung, but no effects on those from the rhesus monkey were observed with DSCG. MTB dose-dependently inhibited only SRS release from guinea-pig lung induced by phospholipase A2, although the compound did not show any inhibitory activity on the release of those from the calcium ionophore (A23187)-stimulated one. On the other hand, the release of SRS, but not that of histamine from the lung stimulated with A23187 as well as phospholipase A2 was inhibited by N-(3,4-dimethoxycinnamoyl)-anthranilic acid (tranilast, N-5'). From these results, MTB was a potent inhibitor of the anaphylactic release of the mediators, particularly SRS-A. It was suggested that the inhibitory mechanism of MTB is different from those of DSCG and N-5'.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis due to Aspergillus oryzae.

A 19-year-old female student with allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) due to Aspergillus oryzae is reported. This organism was used for fermentation starter to make soybean paste in her father's workshop adjacent to the home where she lived. ABPA might be considered an occupational disease in certain situations.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Immunopharmacological actions of the new antiallergic drug 11-oxo-11H-pyrido[2,1-b]quinazoline-2-carboxylic acid. Effects on type I hypersensitivity reactions in human leukocytes and in human and monkey lungs.

The effects of 11-oxo-11H-pyrido[2,1-b]-quinazoline-2-carboxylic acid (Sm 857), a new antiallergic drug, on histamine release from human leukocytes and from human and monkey lungs were investigated. Sm 857 dose-dependently inhibited histamine release induced by mite antigen, anti-human IgE, calcium ionophore A23187 (A23187) and protein A from peripheral leukocytes of atopic patients, but had no effect on the levels of cyclic AMP and GMP in human leukocytes. In addition, antigen- or anti-human IgE-induced anaphylactic histamine release from human and monkey lung fragments passively sensitized with human reaginic serum sensitive to mite antigen as well as A23187-induced histamine release from non-sensitized monkey lung fragments, were inhibited dose-dependently by Sm 857. However, no inhibition of spontaneous histamine release from human leukocytes or monkey lung fragments by Sm 857 was observed.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[Study on human lymphoblastoid interferon-alpha (MOR-22): Part III. Antitumor effect on nude mouse-transplanted human tumors].

The effects of human lymphoblastoid interferon-alpha (MOR-22) on the growth of xenografted human tumors in nude mice were examined. IFN-alpha was administered subcutaneously to mice with renal tumor (ACHN), intratumorally for glioblastoma (U-373MG) or intravenously with uterine cervical tumor (HeLa S3). The dosages of IFN-alpha were 2 X 10(4)-5 X 10(5) IU/mouse for ACHN tumor, 1 X 10(5)-5 X 10(5) IU/mouse for U-373MG tumor and 3 X 10(4)-1 X 10(5) IU/mouse for HeLa S3 tumor. IFN-alpha inhibited the growth of these tumors in a dose-dependent manner.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Immunopharmacological actions of the new antiallergic drug 11-oxo-11H-pyrido[2,1-b]quinazoline-2-carboxylic acid. Effects on immunological reactions in mice and in humans.

The effects of 11-oxo-11H-pyrido[2,1-b]quinazoline-2-carboxylic acid (Sm 857), a new antiallergic drug, on immunological reactions in mice and in humans were investigated. The mouse hemolysin formation against sheep erythrocytes was not suppressed by Sm 857 (10-100 mg/kg/d i.p., p.o.) for 3 days either before or after immunization. The formation of anti-dinitrophenyl (DNP) IgE antibodies in mice immunized with dinitrophenyl-conjugated ovalbumin (DNP-OA) and alum, was not suppressed by Sm 857 (10-100 mg/kg i.p., p.o.) for 3 days either before or after immunization, but the formation of anti-DNP IgG antibodies on 7 days after immunization was slightly suppressed in the group of mice treated i.p. with 100 mg/kg/d of Sm 857 for 3 days after immunization. On the other hand, both the proliferation of human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) induced by concanavalin A, phytohemagglutinin-P, pokeweed mitogen (PWM), protein A (Pro A) and Cowan I, and the formation of IgM and IgG plaque forming cells by PBL stimulated with PWM or Pro A, were suppressed significantly only in the presence of Sm 857 (10(-4) g/ml). In addition, Sm 857 hardly affected the nitroblue tetrazolium reduction test, phagocytosis and chemotaxis in human neutrophils.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Effect of interferon-alpha (MOR-22) on human NK cell activity].

We studied the effect of human lymphoblastoid interferon (IFN-alpha; MOR-22) on the natural killer (NK) cell activity of human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL). The NK cell activity of PBL from 12 healthy donors against K562 target cells was augmented by an average of 3.8 times by pretreatment with IFN 1,000 IU/ml for 2h. Augmentation was observed after pretreatment with IFN at a concentration of 10 IU/ml for 2 h or 1,000 IU/ml for 30 min. Augmented NK cell activity brought about by pretreatment with IFN showed a wide cytotoxic spectrum against human tumor cell lines. The sensitivities of the cell lines to NK cell activity were independent of the cell origin or antiproliferative effect of IFN. It was suggested that the NK cells activated by IFN might be a population expressing the Leu-11 positive marker because of nearly complete depletion of NK activity by pretreatment with anti-Leu-11b and complement. These results suggest that the activation of NK cells by IFN may play an important role in the antitumor effect of IFN.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1985

Estimation of catecholamines by ion-exchange chromatography on Asahipak ES-502C, using glycylglycine as the post-derivatizing agent.

The estimation of catecholamines in human urine was carried out by ion-exchange chromatography on a column of a weakly acidic ion exchanger with an hydrophilic matrix. The catecholamines were first adsorbed onto Amberlite CG-50 (buffered at pH 6.5 with 0.4 M phosphate buffer) and selectively eluted by 0.66 M boric acid solution. They were then separated from impurities that responded to fluorometric detection by isocratic elution from a column of Asahipak ES-502C, a cross-linked vinyl alcohol copolymer with carboxymethyl groups, at 60 degrees C. The mobile phase was 0.05 M sodium succinate buffer pH 5.25 containing 0.015 M borate and 0.5 mM ethylenediaminetetraacetate. Isoproterenol was used as the internal standard; epinephrine, norepinephrine, isoproterenol and dopamine were eluted in this order. One sample could be analyzed every 35 min. The detection limits were 0.2 ng for epinephrine and norepinephrine, 0.6 ng for dopamine. The elution pattern was quite reproducible; the elution volumes of the catecholamines had not changed after 500 determinations.

Catecholamines↗