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Biomedical subjects

Y Yamashiro

Publications and source records attributed to Y Yamashiro.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

[Absence of anal reflex in patients with central nervous system diseases].

The anal reflex was examined electromyographically in 336 patients with central nervous system disease. The absence of anal reflex was found in a total of 78 patients. The incidence of the absence of anal reflex was 31 over 132 (23.7%) in the patients with pyramidal signs in lower extremities, 7 over 41 (17.0%) in patients with extrapyramidal signs in lower extremities, 12 over 50 (24.0%) in patients with both signs and 28 over 113 (24.8%) in patients without both signs. Further incidence of the absence of anal reflex was 6 over 26 (23.1%) in patients with unilateral pyramidal signs, 24 over 106 (22.6%) in patients with bilateral pyramidal signs, 3 over 13 (23.1%) in patients with unilateral extrapyramidal signs and 4 over 28 (14.3%) in patients with bilateral extrapyramidal signs. There was no statistical difference among the above groups, therefore the absence of anal reflex appeared to have no specific relationship to pyramidal or extrapyramidal signs. On the other hand, the incidence of the absence of anal reflex was 33 over 81 (40.7%) in patients with and 45 over 255 (17.6%) in patients without disturbance of light touch and/or pinprick in sacral area. The incidence of the former is statistically higher than that of the latter. Therefore we may conclude that the central afferent arch of the anal reflex has a strong relationship to superficial sensory tract, but the central efferent arch has almost no connection with pyramidal or extrapyramidal tracts.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Guillain-Barré syndrome associated with acute hepatitis A.

A case of Guillain-Barré syndrome in a 49-year-old male is described. The syndrome presented as tetraplegia with sensory impairment and the pre-icteric phase of acute hepatitis A. Both viral hepatitis and neurologic disturbances improved, although neurologic changes lasted for 3 months after the onset. HA IgM antibody in cerebrospinal fluid was first manifest with onset of neurologic symptoms. On the basis of this finding and some reports in the literature it seems possible that the Guillain-Barré syndrome may be related to the immunopathogenetic mechanism of hepatitis A virus infection.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1983

Duodenal bile acids in diagnosis of congenital biliary atresia.

This diagnostic study was useful in distinguishing between complete and partial biliary obstruction in a small number of cases. It has been used widely in Japan and is published here to bring it to the attention of other investigators.

Bile Acids and Salts↗
PubMed1983

Interactions of beta-lactam antibiotics and antineoplastic agents.

The in vitro interactions of four beta-lactam antibiotics and five antineoplastic agents were examined with 100 clinically isolated strains of four species of gram-negative bacilli. Generally, by the checkerboard dilution method, beta-lactam antibiotics, when tested in combination with mitomycin C, bleomycin, or 5-fluorouracil, showed synergistic action, whereas when tested in combination with carboquone, they showed antagonistic action. Almost no combinations of adriamycin showed the interactions. Among beta-lactam antibiotics, piperacillin was more frequently synergistic than cefoperazone, cefazolin, or carbenicillin when tested in combination with each antineoplastic agent against various species.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1981

Conservative management of infantile pyloric stenosis by nasoduodenal feeding.

Fifty cases of infantile plyoric stenosis were treated conservatively by transpyloric nasoduodenal tube feeding. The mean age on admission was 38.2 days. Transpyloric intubation was carried out in all patients and 45 (90%) with infantile pyloric stenosis were cured by nasuduodenal feeding. Among 5 (10%) requiring surgical intervention, abandonment of nasoduodenal feeding was the cause in only 3, and the parents chose an operation in the remaining 2 a few days after nasoduodenal feeding had been started. In non-surgically cured cases (45), mean body weights on admission and at discharge were 3,750 g and 5,177 g respectively; the duration of nasoduodenal feeding was 8 to 37 days (mean 17.2 days), mean weight gain during nasoduodenal feeding was 42.7 g/day and mean hospital stay was 39.7 days (38.0 days in 43 cases without any associated disorder). This experience suggests that nasoduodenal feeding in this report is a more effective treatment for infantile pyloric stenosis than any traditional medical treatment and it could be the preferred management in the small group of patients for whom an operation could carry a high risk, or whose parents refuse operation.

Body Weight↗