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Biomedical subjects

Y Yamane

Publications and source records attributed to Y Yamane.

At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

[Study on the maintenance of the accuracy of cytological diagnosis in the mass screening of uterine cervical cancer].

We studied the effect of the centralized cervical cytological screening program in Shimane prefecture and obtained the following results. After the centralized screening system was introduced, the rate detection of dysplasia almost doubled. The detection rates for carcinoma in situ and invasive carcinoma of the uterine cervix increased from 0.042% to 0.047% and from 0.042% to 0.065%, respectively. The cases with Pap. class III, IV, and V decreased to a third on the centralized cytologic screening system. The false negative rates for carcinoma in situ and invasive carcinoma decreased from 20.0% to 17.9% and from 16.0% to 7.4%, respectively. We concluded that the accuracy of the cytological diagnosis was improved by the establishment of the centralized system.

Female↗
PubMed1985

Na+ (Li+)-proline cotransport in Escherichia coli.

Na+ and Li+ were found to stimulate the transport of L-proline by cells of Escherichia coli induced for proline utilization. The gene product of the put P gene is involved in the expression of this transport activity since the put P+ strains CSH 4 and WG 148 show activity and the put P- strain RM 2 fails to show this cation coupled transport. The addition of proline was found to stimulate the uptake of Li+ and of Na+. Attempts to demonstrate proline stimulated H+ uptake were unsuccessful. It is concluded that the proline carrier (coded by the put P gene) is responsible for Na+ (or Li+)-proline cotransport.

Biological Transport, Active↗
PubMed1985

Effect of intraluminal bile on the feedback regulatory mechanism of pancreatic enzyme secretion in conscious rats.

The effect of intraluminal bile on the well-known feedback regulatory mechanism of exocrine pancreatic secretion exerted by intraluminal trypsin was investigated in conscious rats with pancreatic, biliary and duodenal fistulae. The stimulated pancreatic enzyme secretion caused by diversion of bile-pancreatic juice from the intestine was apparently suppressed by intraduodenal reintroduction of pancreatic juice or bile-pancreatic juice, while it was slightly suppressed by intraduodenal reintroduction of bile. Although additional reintroduction of bile did not alter the already suppressed pancreatic enzyme secretion by the presence of pancreatic juice in the intestine, diversion of bile stimulated the suppressed pancreatic enzyme secretion by intraluminal bile-pancreatic juice. Infusion of sodium taurocholate into the duodenum with diversion of bile-pancreatic juice effectively inhibited pancreatic enzyme secretion. The inhibitory effect seemed to be dependent on the concentration of taurocholate infused into the duodenum. The results suggest that bile and bile acid have an important role in the feedback regulatory mechanism of pancreatic enzyme secretion, at least partly directly inhibiting the secretion.

Amylases↗
PubMed1985

Enhancement of DNA binding and mutagenicity of 1-nitropyrene by zinc acetate in Salmonella typhimurium TA100.

The effect of zinc acetate on the mutagenicity of 1-nitropyrene (1-NP) in Salmonella typhimurium TA100 was examined. By the pre-treatment of the cells with zinc ions (0.24 mM) the revertant colonies caused by 1.5 microM of 1-NP in the pre-incubation mixtures increased approximately 3-fold, while the survival colonies decreased to approximately 75% under the same conditions. The enhancing effect of zinc ions on the mutagenicity was not dependent on the increase of 1-NP incorporation into the cells. The addition of zinc ions to whole cell preparations had no enhancing effect on the 1-NP reductase activity. The effect of zinc acetate on the binding of [3H]1-NP to DNA in S. typhimurium TA100 was examined. The amount of [3H]1-NP bound to DNA increased by the pre-treatment of the cells with zinc ions. A good correlation was found between the extent of binding of 1-NP to DNA and the frequency of induced histidine reversions in the cells treated with zinc ions under the experimental conditions used.

Acetates↗
PubMed1985

Escherichia coli mutants possessing an Li+-resistant melibiose carrier.

Escherichia coli K-12 strains in the absence of the lactose carrier grew on the disaccharide melibiose as the sole source of carbon. The presence of 0.1 mM Li+ in the medium strongly inhibited growth of such cells, and Li+-resistant mutants appeared after several days of incubation. These mutants showed altered cation coupling to melibiose transport via the melibiose carrier. Cotransport between H+ and melibiose was lost in the mutants, although Na+-melibiose cotransport was retained. We observed no Li+-melibiose cotransport. Therefore, these mutants represent a new type of cation-coupling mutants of the melibiose carrier.

Biological Transport↗
PubMed1985

Approach for quantifying the overall function of the ascending central neural integration to release vasopressin in rats.

Electrical stimulation of the intermediate portion of the solitary nucleus (SOL) is known to consistently elicit a pressor response and increase in the release of vasopressin (VP) in rats, when the cervical spinal cord and vago-sympathetic trunks are cut. The aim of the present study was to provide a methodological assessment for this technique, in order to quantify the central neuroendocrine function to release VP. Experiments were conducted on rats with cervical cordotomy and vagotomy, under 60% N2O anesthesia and artificial ventilation. The animals were maintained at their normal arterial blood pressure by infusing phenylephrine, which itself exerted little influence on the arterial plasma VP concentration (pVP) during SOL stimulation. In order to prevent blood loss, cross circulation with a donor rat was utilized in the blood sampling for pVP determination. We confirmed that this technique itself did not significantly affect the pVP level. A monopolar stimulus at a frequency of 50 Hz was found to produce the pressor response most effectively. The current spread of the stimulation (0.5 ms duration; 1 s on/1 s off; up to at least 120 microA) did not induce a false-positive pressor response mediated by other structures adjacent to the SOL. We suggest that electrical stimulation of the SOL in rats with cervical cordotomy and vagotomy, for observing the pressor response and/or increase of pVP, represents a rapid approach for screening the overall function of the ascending efferent part of the reflex mechanisms to release VP.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Studies on serum CA125 levels in pregnant women.

To confirm the change in serum CA 125 levels in cases of pregnancy, we measured serum CA 125 levels in 234 normal pregnant women, 40 postpartum women and 14 abnormal pregnant women (12 of IUFD and 2 of H. mole), using an RIA kit. The mean CA 125 level (+/- S.D.) and positive ratio (greater than 34U/ml) for pregnant women at 4-11 weeks of gestation were 65.0 +/- 77.3 U/ml and 64.6%, respectively, being the highest values in all the groups. On the contrary, those for pregnant women at 12-23 weeks of gestation were 22.3 +/- 10.6 U/ml and 12.7%, respectively, the lowest in all gestational groups. Changes in serum CA 125 levels in normal pregnant women showed a trend toward decrease, as gestation advanced. But the CA 125 levels for women at postpartum showed a slight trend toward increase. The mean CA 125 level (+/- S.D.) for 12 patients with IUFD was 392.5 +/- 275.8 U/ml and that for 2 patients with H. mole was 65.0 +/- 15.0 U/ml. Serum CA 125 levels for patients with IUFD were higher than that in cases of normal pregnancy. When utilizing CA 125 as a marker for ovarian cancer, the influence of pregnancy must be considered. And it indicates that CA 125 can be used as an aid to the diagnosis of IUFD in serous cases.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1985

[Studies on a cell sampling method in mass screening for uterine cervical cancer--comparison of data obtained with a cotton tipped applicator, wooden spatula and cotton tipped applicator plus colposcopy].

In mass screening tests for uterine cancer carried out Shimane Prefecture, we used three different scraping methods. This summary is a report of a comparison of the findings with each method. Results are as follows: From 1973-1982, 214, 798 Japanese women were examined in mass screening tests. Among the 42, 443 examined using a cotton tipped applicator, there were 15 (0.035%) with mild dysplasia, 8 (0.019%) with severe dysplasia, 6 (0.014%) with carcinoma in situ and 8 (0.019%) with invasive carcinoma. In 38,106 women examined using the spatula, 25 (0.066%) had a mild dysplasia, 10 (0.026%) a severe dysplasia, 18 (0.047%) a carcinoma in situ and 26 (0.068%) an invasive carcinoma. In 134,249 examined using a cotton tipped applicator plus colposcopy, 283 (0.211%) had a mild dysplasia 108 (0.080%) a severe dysplasia, 57 (0.042%) a carcinoma in situ and 78 (0.058%) an invasive carcinoma. Thus, the use of a cotton tipped applicator plus colposcopy leads to higher rates of detection of mild and severe dysplasia. In the group with a negative Papanicolaou smear and for whom the cotton tipped applicator plus colposcopy was used, there were 214 with a mild dysplasia, 65 with a severe dysplasia, 11 with a carcinoma in situ and 7 with an invasive carcinoma. The combination of cotton tipped applicator and colposcopy proved to be the most effective for mass screenings for uterine cancer, as the detection rates for severe dysplasia and carcinoma in situ were higher and there were fewer incidences of false negative results.

Carcinoma in Situ↗
PubMed1984

Release of vasopressin by electrical stimulation of the intermediate portion of the nucleus of the tractus solitarius in rats with cervical spinal cordotomy and vagotomy.

The cervical spinal cord and vagi were severed in anesthetized and artificially ventilated rats. Monopolar electrical stimulation of the intermediate portion of the nucleus of the tractus solitarius (NTS) resulted in subtle increases in concentration of plasma vasopressin (pVP) and in arterial pressure. We suggest that electrical stimulation of the NTS in rats undergoing such surgical preparation to observe the pressor response and/or increase in pVP, represents a rapid approach for screening the neurosecretory function of the central neural integration to release vasopressin.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Effect of molybdenum on the acute toxicity of mercuric chloride. IV. Effect of molybdenum on mercury-mediated metallothionein mRNA induction.

In order to elucidate the mechanism of the stimulative effect of molybdenum on mercury-mediated renal metallothionein induction, the levels of translatable metallothionein mRNA (MT mRNA) in the kidneys of rats treated with saline or Na2MoO4 or HgCl2 or Na2MoO4 and HgCl2 were measured by translation experiments in cell-free protein synthesizing systems. The time course of accumulation of mercury in renal nuclei of rats given HgCl2 with or without Na2MoO4-pretreatment was also investigated. Molybdenum, itself, did not elevate levels of MT mRNA compared to saline controls at all time points (0, 6 and 14 h after exposure to HgCl2) but rapidly elevated the levels of the mRNA more than Hg-dosed rats when HgCl2 was also administered. On the other hand, the time course study in renal nuclei showed that the mercury content of nuclei was consistently lower in Mo-Hg-dosed rats than in Hg-dosed rats at all time points (4, 8 and 24 h after exposure to HgCl2). These results suggest that the stimulative effect of molybdenum on mercury-mediated metallothionein induction is coupled with an increase of the mRNA coding for the low molecular weight protein and that such an increase in the levels of translatable MT mRNA is not due to the difference in uptake of mercury into renal nuclei.

Animals↗