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Biomedical subjects

Y Yagi

Publications and source records attributed to Y Yagi.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Liver-protective actions of desoxypodophyllotoxin and its analogs.

Effects on CCl(4)-induced liver lesion in mice and on D-galactosamine-induced liver lesion in rats of desoxypodophyllotoxin (1) and its analogs, podophyllotoxin (2), podophyllotoxon (3), beta-peltatin (4), alpha-peltatin (5), 4'-demethylpodophyllotoxin (6) and picropodophyllin (7), were investigated. 1 and 7 in CCl(4)-induced liver lesion and 1,4,5, and 6 in D-galactosamine-induced liver lesion have shown marked protective actions. These results suggest that these analogs have liver-protective actions in general and the substituents at C-4 in ring C, C-5 in ring B and C-4' in ring E, and the configuration at C-2 in ring C are important for the revelation of the activity.

Alanine Transaminase↗
PubMed1982

Teratogenicity/fetotoxicity of DEHP in mice.

The embryonic/fetotoxic effects of DEHP on pregnant mice (ddY-Slc female x CBA male) were studied. DEHP was administered orally in dosages of 0.05 ml/kg to 30.0 mg/kg on day 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10 of gestation. A single administration of DEHP over 0.1 ml/kg (1/300 of LD50) on day 7 of gestation decreased the numbers and the body weight of living fetuses, whereas no significant changes in the numbers of living fetuses (with no gross and skeletal abnormalities) were observed compared with those of the control group, when 0.05 ml/kg (1/600 of LD50) of DEHP was administered. The fetotoxicity (fetal death) was dose dependent. The LD50 and the nonfetolethal maximum dosage of DEHP in its single, oral administration was 592 mg/kg and 64 mg/kg, respectively. The latter value is much higher than an estimated DEHP intake from commercial foodstuffs in men, which is approximately 0.03 mg/kg/day.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Electron microscopic and immunohistochemical studies on Hashimoto's thyroiditis.

Three types of Hashimoto's thyroiditis, lymphoid type (L-type), oxyphilic epithelium (O-type) and pronounced epithelial destruction (p-type), were ultrastructurally and immunohistochemically studied. In both the L-type and the O-type, two different kinds of follicles, active and degenerated ones, were ultrastructurally found. Although the follicular conformation was generally conserved, focal basement membrane damage was frequently found around the generated follicles. Some plasma cells and lymphocytes transversed the basement membranes and could be seen in the spaces between adjacent epithelial cells. In the P-type, most epithelial cells were replaced by fibrillar fibrous bundles, and destructive products probably derived from epithelial cells were scattered in the stroma. Immunoglobulin (IgG, IgA and IgM) deposittions was found not only in some basement membranes, colloid, epithelial cells and peeled-off cells in the follicles but also in the stroma. Some of the infiltrating plasma cells and lymphocytes had immunoglobulins in the cytoplasm. The intensity o the positive staining was by far the strongest for IgG, and the number of immunoglobulin-containing immunocytes was also the largest for IgG.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Treatment of angina pectoris patients with niludipine a new calcium antagonistic drug.

The antianginal effectivity of niludipine (Bay a 7168), a new calcium antagonistic drug, was investigated in angina pectoris patients, selected for admission to the trials by pre-determined strict criteria. Oral administration of from 60--120 mg niludipine daily for 4--8 weeks, resulted in the following: 1. Number of anginal attacks significantly reduced. 2. Nitrate consumption markedly lowered. 3. Investigating physicians assessed globally the clinical results of niludipine treatment on the basis of the reduction of the number of anginal attacks, nitrate consumption, improved physical ability and reports by the patients as to their subjective evaluation of the test drug. Niludipine was judged clinically effective in 21 out of 27 patients (77.8%). 4. Full records of ECGs, a necessary item for assessment, were obtained from 24 out of 27 patients. Ischemic ECGs were improved or normalized in 6 out of 24 patients (25%). 5. In the investigators' final overall assessment, including the evaluation of ECG changes, niludipine was rated effective for 20 out of 27 patients (74.1%). 6. Tolerance to the test drug was excellent. Only one patient complained of transient, mild nausea. After reduction of the daily dose, the patient completed the trial without any further appearance or complaints of side effects. Results suggest that niludipine is a useful antianginal drug in the management of coronary artery disease patients. Further clinical investigations with a larger number of patients should be conducted.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

[Variation of growth hormone and prolactin levels in umbilical vein (author's transl)].

Umbilical venous blood, obtained immediately after the delivery of 71 non-complicated pregnants between 38 and 42 weeks of gestation, was investigated for the variation in growth hormone and prolactin levels in the serum. Growth hormone and prolactin levels remained almost constant during the observed period of the gestation. Further, it was shown that while growth hormone levels did not significantly vary through the 24-hour period, prolactin levels significantly did. In prolactin levels, the maximum value at 2 approximately 4AM was significantly about 2 times higher than the minimum value at 6 approximately 8 and 8 approximately 10AM. The levels did not vary through 2 approximately 4 and 10 approximately 12 PM period. These suggest that circadian periodicity exists in the fetal prolactin secretion, but not in the growth hormone, and in addition, the periodicity is not affected by labor and delivery.

Delivery, Obstetric↗
PubMed1980

The effects of N-substitution of chitosan and the physical form of the products on the rate of hydrolysis by chitinase from Streptomyces griseus.

N-Formyl, N-chloroacetyl, N-glycyl, N-isobutyryl, and N-pentanoyl derivatives of chitosan have been prepared. N-Acetylchitosan was the derivative most susceptible to chitinase from Streptomyces griseus and lysozyme from chicken egg-white, but with respect to R in the RCOHN group were CH3 > CH3CH2 > H > CH3CH2CH2 > (CH3)2CH > NH2CH2 > CICH2. Neither enzyme hydrolysed chitosan or its N-methylene. N-benzylidene, N-benzoyl, N-nicotinyl, and N-fatty acyl (C5-C18) derivatives, and lysozyme did not hydrolyse N-butyrychitosan. N-Acetylhexanoyl-chitosans, which had d.s. ratios of approximately 0.7: approximately 0.3 and approximately 0.3: approximately 0.7, were hydrolysed at approximately 0.75 and approximately 0.004 of the rate of N-acetylchitosan (powder) by chitinase. O-Acylation of N-acylchitosans caused a decrease in the rates of hydrolysis by chitinase. N-Acetylchitosan gels were hydrolysed at 8-13 times the rate for crab-shell chitin. These results indicate that not only N- and O-substituents but also the physical form of the substrates influence the rates of hydrolysis by these enzymes.

Chitin↗
PubMed1980

Recombination-deficient mutant of Streptococcus faecalis.

An ultraviolet radiation-sensitive derivative of Streptococcus faecalis strain JH2-2 was isolated and found to be deficient in recombination, using a plasmid-plasmid recombination system. The strain was sensitive to chemical agents which interact with deoxyribonucleic acid and also underwent deoxyribonucleic acid degradation after ultraviolet irradiation. Thus, the mutant has properties similar to those of recA strains of Escherichia coli.

DNA, Bacterial↗
PubMed1980

Comparative studies on the immunosuppressive effect among 5'-deoxy-5-fluorouridine, ftorafur, and 5-fluorouracil.

The immunosuppressive effect of 5'-deoxy-5-fluorouridine (5'-DFUR, Ro 21-9738) was examined for both humoral and cell-mediated immunity in mice in comparison with that of 5-fluorouracil and Ftorafur (FT-207). By both oral and intraperitoneal administration, 5'-DFUR was found to be much less suppressive than 5-fluorouracil and FT-207 in all immune responses tested; hemolysin plaque-forming cells, serum hemolysin titer, delayed-type hypersensitivity and allogeneic tumor rejection. Furthermore, 5'-DFUR did not induce any reduction in either the spleen weight, thymus weight, total spleen cell number, or peripheral leucocyte number.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Teratogenic potential of di- and mono-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate in mice.

Fetotoxicity of di-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) and its metabolite, mono-(2-ethyhexyl)phthalate (MEHP) was studied in pregnant mice (ddY-Slc female X CBA male). With the oral administration of DEHP 5.0 or 10.0 ml/kg representing 1/6 or 1/3 of the acute LD50 dose on day 7 of gestation there were no live fetuses. When DEHP 10.0 ml/kg was given on days 9 or 10 of gestation, however, the rates of live fetuses were 91.7% and 95.4% respectively. Gross and skeletal abnormalities in the live fetuses occurred with 2.5 or 7.5 ml/kg of DEHP given orally on days 7 or 8 of gestation respectively. Similar toxic effects were observed with the administration of MEHP. The oral administration of 0.5 or 1.0 mg/kg on day 8 of gestation resulted in 11-19% and 100% of gross and skeltal abnormalities, respectively. The gross abnormalities included exencephaly, open eyelid and club foot. Skeltal abnormalities occurred in the skull, cervical and/or thoracic bones. Thus both DEHP and MEHP exert similar effects on the mouse fetus and the lethal and/or teratogenic effects of DEHP are probably due to its metabolite, MEHP.

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced↗