[Implication and controversy of rescue coronary angioplasty in patients with acute myocardial infarction].
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Aged↗
Biomedical subjects
Y Yabe
Publications and source records attributed to Y Yabe.
Detection of human papillomavirus type 6f genome in nasal papillomatosis.
Five cases of nasal papillomatosis were studied clinicopathologically and virologically. In a case of recurrent papillomatosis of non-inverted type located on the nasal septum, human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA was detected by dot blot hybridization with an RNA cocktail probe of mucosal HPVs. In Southern blot hybridization, the DNA hybridized with that of HPV types 6 and 11 but not with those of types 16 and 18. Its restriction endonuclease-cleavage patterns corresponded well to those of HPV type 6f. These results suggested that HPV type 6 would also be associated with nasal non-inverted papillomatosis.
Blotting, Southern↗
[Evaluation of myocardial disorders in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy and left ventricular eccentric hypertrophy--by 201Tl myocardial SPECT].
201Tl myocardial SPECT was performed in cases of dilated cardiomyopathy and valvular heart disease with left ventricular eccentric hypertrophy, and the two groups were compared from the standpoint of the mechanism of onset of myocardial disorders. Significant coefficients of correlation were seen between the Tl score and LVDd (r = 0.792, r = 0.785) and Tl score and LVEF (r = -0.634, r = -0.555) in both dilated cardiomyopathy and valvular heart disease. In cases of valvular heart disease, significant correlation coefficients (r = -0.756, r = -0.720) between LVDd and r-WR (relative-washout rate), and Tl score and r-WR were observed, but no such correlation was seen in dilated cardiomyopathy. In valvular heart disease, a decrease in myocardial perfusion associated with enlargement of the left ventricle appeared, while in dilated cardiomyopathy, there was a marked decrease in LVEF in proportion to the thallium defect. Therefore, it was assumed that left ventricular wall disorders occur due to myocardial metabolic disorders and coronary microcirculation disorders.
Adult↗
Multivessel PTCA using the hugging balloon technique based on single guide catheter and dual balloon-on-a-wire systems.
For percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) of oversized arteries, often-times a satisfactory dilatation cannot be achieved with conventional balloon systems due to the unavailability of adequately sized balloons. This fact has contributed to a higher restenosis rate for this group of patients. We were able to obtain a satisfactory dilatation result in an oversized right coronary artery with a shepherd's crook configuration and eccentric anatomy at the origin using two balloon-on-a-wire systems and an Amplatz type guiding catheter. Although such favorable dilatation of an oversized artery using this "hugging balloon technique" can be expected, issues do exist such as difficult maneuverability and estimation of the balloon size obtained through simultaneous dual balloon inflation wherein size does not simply equal the sum of the two balloon catheters. It is hoped that there will be further improvements of the technique and development of new systems. At this time, however, it is felt that this is the most effective and reasonable strategy to achieve a high chance of success in oversized vessel lesions.
Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary↗
A subtype of human papillomavirus 5 (HPV-5b) and its subgenomic segment amplified in a carcinoma: nucleotide sequences and genomic organizations.
A subtype of human papillomavirus 5 (HPV-5b) is closely associated with carcinomas in the disease epidermodysplasia verruciformis (EV). The complete genome was cloned from virus particles in benign lesions of a patient with EV and sequenced: it was 7779 nucleotides long and consisted of six open reading frames (ORFs) (E6, E7, E1, E2, E4, and E5) in the early region, three ORFs (L2, L3, and L1) in the late region, and a noncoding region, all existing on one DNA strand. The 40% segment of the HPV-5b genome specifically amplified in carcinomas was cloned from a primary carcinoma of the same EV patient and sequenced: it was 3143 nucleotides long and corresponded to a segment of the original HPV-5b genome containing the entire sequences of E6, E7, and the noncoding region and portions of E1 and L1. Compared to the whole genomic DNA, no mutations were detected in this probable malignancy-associated viral subgenomic segment cloned from carcinoma. These results suggest that amplification of the viral segment containing E6, E7, and the noncoding region may play a role in the malignant conversion of HPV-5b-infected benign lesions and that mutations in these genes or regions are not necessarily required.
Base Sequence↗
Presence of human papillomavirus type 18 DNA in a pharyngeal and a laryngeal carcinoma.
We examined the presence of human papillomavirus (HPV) genome in pharyngeal and laryngeal squamous cell carcinomas by employing the polymerase chain reaction. We detected HPV 16 DNA in one of 11 pharyngeal carcinomas and in 3 of 28 laryngeal carcinomas, and HPV 18 DNA in a pharyngeal and a laryngeal carcinoma. In one of the laryngeal carcinomas, DNA of both HPV types 16 and 18 were detected. To our knowledge, this is the first report of detection of HPV type 18 in head and neck carcinomas.
Adult↗
Effect of nifedipine on the progression of coronary atherosclerosis in humans. Analysis of coronary angiogram by videodensitometry.
This study was conducted retrospectively to elucidate whether the long-term use of nifedipine is effective against the progression of coronary atherosclerosis in humans. Twenty-nine subjects with ischemic heart disease, on whom repeated coronary angiographic examinations (CAG) were performed, were randomly selected. Sixteen subjects were on nifedipine therapy (40 mg/day; NIF group, age 53 +/- 2) and 13 subjects not on nifedipine therapy served as the control group (C group, age 58 +/- 3). No significant differences were observed in clinical backgrounds, including the interval between CAG, between the 2 groups. The lesions with 25 to 75% stenosis on the first CAG were defined as the regions of interest (ROI), and the magnitude of stenosis was quantitatively measured by videodensitometry for each ROI on the first and the second CAG. The magnitude of stenosis showed a small increase (54.1 +/- 2.6 to 58.6 +/- 3.3%: N.S.) for 37 ROIs in the C group. In contrast, it showed a significant decrease (52.5 +/- 3.8 to 46.2 +/- 4.3%: p less than 0.05) for 33 ROIs in the NIF group. The trend was more apparent in the left coronary artery. The change in the mean value for ROIs in each subject produced similar results. These results suggest that the long-term use of nifedipine might be effective in retarding the progression of coronary atherosclerosis in humans. However, a prospective study should be performed to confirm this.
Coronary Angiography↗
[Left ventricular wall damage as an indicator for valve replacement in patients with volume overload: a radionuclide study].
Using Tl-201 myocardial single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), we tried to utilize the Tl-defects to determine the timing for aortic or mitral valve replacement in cases with chronic aortic (AR) or mitral regurgitation (MR), or both. Examinations including echocardiography and angiography were performed to evaluate left ventricular dilatation. Subjects consisted of 80 patients, including 22 with AR, 26 with MR, 17 with AR+MR, and 15 post-operative cases. The Tl-scores (sum of the grade of Tl-defects) correlated well with T wave abnormalities (V5) and NYHA functional class. The scores also correlated with left ventricular end-diastolic dimension (LVDd) and LV ejection fraction (LVEF), indicating that the LV wall defect progressed as the LV dimension increased with the increase in the volume load. Exercise Tl-201 myocardial SPECT revealed redistribution at an early stage of valvular regurgitation, indicating the development of LV wall damage in cases of LV enlargement due to regurgitation. Valve replacement caused a decrease in LVDd, with mild improvement in the Tl-score. We concluded that, in addition to the T wave changes and the echocardiographic measurements, Tl-201 myocardial SPECT should be included in the criteria for valve replacement.
Aortic Valve Insufficiency↗
Evaluation of viral myocarditis in children by radionuclide method.
Evaluation of viral myocarditis is essential for the clinician to assess the prognosis. In this study, Tl-201 myocardial scintigraphy and Tc-99m gated cardiac blood pool scan were performed in 16 patients with myocarditis diagnosed by clinical symptoms and laboratory findings and these nuclear medicine techniques were followed up for 5 years. Exercise Tl-201 scintigraphy using a bicycle ergometer was performed in 8 patients by SPECT imaging. There were mild to severe persistent defects found in all cases (100%), but pressure rate products showed normal response. The Tl-201 defect ratio improved gradually, but did not change significantly. In the resting Tl-201 image one of 16 patients showed severe multifocal defects. LVEF increased significantly from 1 year to 5 years after onset, while RVEF measured by gated blood pool scans showed slight increases 3 years to 5 years after diagnosis. It was concluded that myocardial perfusion improved only incompletely. Cardiac function (LVEF and RVEF) improved gradually, and pressure rate products were normal. Myocarditis should therefore be followed up in order to assess the prognosis; moreover, the relationship of myocarditis to dilated cardiomyopathy needs to be further studied.
Child↗
Effects of indomethacin and calcitonin on bone absorption in type II collagen-induced otosclerosis-like lesions in rats.
In this study, we determined the effects of indomethacin and calcitonin on bone resorption in otosclerosis-like lesions in rats. Morphometric analysis showed that both indomethacin and calcitonin inhibited active otosclerosis-like lesions (bone resorption) and rats immunologically induced with type II collagen, and indomethacin had a much higher inhibitory effect than calcitonin. In in vitro studies we found that conditioned medium from splenic lymphocytes of rats immunized with type II collagen stimulated collagenase production by macrophages and fibroblasts. Collagenase is the major enzyme for degradation of the organic components of bone. Treatment of the immunized rats with indomethacin and calcitonin significantly reduced the stimulatory effect of the lymphocyte-conditioned medium on collagenase production. Indomethacin caused a greater reduction of the stimulatory effect of the lymphocytes on collagenase production than calcitonin. These findings are in agreement with results of the morphometric study. Results of the present study also suggest that cell-to-cell interaction plays an important role in collagenase production for degradation of organic components of bone resorption in otosclerotic lesions.
Animals↗
Syntheses and biological activities of renin inhibitors containing statine analogues.
Syntheses and biological activities of dipeptide renin inhibitors that contain statine analogues are described. The key steps of the synthetic approach to dipeptide renin inhibitors are the asymmetric synthesis of 2(R)-substituted-3-aminocarbonylpropionic acids and the diastereoselective syntheses of (3S,4S)-statine analogues. These inhibitors (2,14-40) inhibited human renin in the 3-140 nM range. Inhibitor ES 6864 (2) was found to be a highly potent inhibitor of human renin (IC50: 4.6 x 10(-9) M) and showed high enzyme specificity. Oral administration of ES 6864 at 3 mg/kg to conscious, sodium-depleted marmosets inhibited plasma renin activity (PRA) more than 80% after 1 h.
Amino Acids↗
Dipyridamole-induced ischemia in a child with jeopardized collaterals after Kawasaki syndrome.
The case of a 4-year-old boy with dipyridamole-induced ischemia is herein reported. The patient developed typical Kawasaki syndrome at 2 years of age, accompanied by coronary aneurysms in the left coronary artery (LCA) and the right coronary artery (RCA). The LCA was totally occluded at segment 6 and a distal area of the left anterior descending artery (LAD) was supplied by collaterals from the conus branch and the posterior descending artery (PD). Thallium-201 (Tl-201) myocardial scintigraphy was performed with intravenous administration of dipyridamole (DIP). DIP was infused at a dosage of 0.6 mg/kg for 5 min. Three minutes after the injection, myocardial ischemia occurred. Although 4 mg/kg of aminophylline was administered, the symptoms lasted for 20 min. Electrocardiogram suggested that ischemic lesions were located in the anteroseptal and inferior wall. Collaterals from PD could be recognized as jeopardized vessels and these collaterals probably participated in the ischemic attack. DIP could have increased the coronary flow into the uninvolved proximal branches of RCA. Subsequently DIP reduced coronary flow in the distal region of the stenotic RCA. Although T1-201 myocardial scintigraphy with DIP is a useful technique to estimate viability of the ischemic myocardium, it should be performed prudently in patients with multivessel diseases, such as those with jeopardized collaterals secondary to Kawasaki syndrome.
Child, Preschool↗
[A case of cardiac ischemic lesion detected by a new myocardial perfusion imaging agent SQ30217].
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Adult↗
Molecular characteristics and physical state of human papillomavirus DNA change with progressing malignancy: studies in a patient with epidermodysplasia verruciformis.
In order to establish the role of human papillomavirus (HPV) in carcinogenesis of epidermodysplasia verruciformis (EV), the presence, the molecular characteristics and the physical state of HPV DNA in a benign lesion, a primary carcinoma and a metastatic carcinoma developing in the same EV patient were studied and compared. Of the 2 HPV DNAs isolated from benign macular lesions, only one (a subtype of HPV 5) was detected in both primary and metastatic tumors. Only one normal species of viral DNA molecule was detected in the benign lesion, whereas most, if not all, viral DNA molecules present in the carcinoma (both primary and metastatic) were aberrant ones. The major viral DNA molecule in the primary carcinoma was a large HPV DNA with duplicated 40% subgenomic segments, and was present as free episomes. The major viral DNA molecule in the metastatic carcinoma was the 40% subgenomic segment itself, lacking the remaining 60% segment of the viral genome, and was integrated within cellular DNA. Thus, HPV DNA was present in tumors at any stage of malignancy, and its molecular characteristics and physical state changed not only with the development but also with the enhancement of malignancy, consistently conserving its defined 40% subgenomic segment as the predominant viral sequences. Our results suggest that HPV 5 may be actually involved in carcinogenesis in EV patients.
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
[The evaluation of left ventricular eccentric hypertrophy by 201Tl-myocardial scintigraphy].
In order to elucidate the mechanism of left ventricular eccentric hypertrophy in conditions of volume overload, Tl-201 myocardial scintigraphy was performed patients with aortic valve regurgitation and mitral valve regurgitation. There was a good relationship between the severity of Tl-defects, as determined by Tl-201 myocardial scintigraphy, and the changes in the T wave on the ECG on the one hand and the NYHA functional classification of heart diseases. In 17 of 18 patients where LVDd increased with increasing severity of Tl-defects and the defects were moderate to severe, LVDd was 65 mm or larger. There was a significant negative correlation between the washout rate for the whole circumference of the left ventricle, as determined by exercise Tl-201 SPECT, and LVDd (r = -0.603, p less than 0.01). The phenomenon of redistribution as determined by exercise Tl-201 myocardial scintigraphy was observed relatively early. Our results suggest that mechanical volume overload and ischemic changes are involved in left ventricular wall damage in left ventricular eccentric hypertrophy. For patients with moderate to severe Tl-defects valve replacement is indicated, no matter whether they may have heart failure or arrhythmia.
Adult↗
[The evaluation of the therapeutic effect on acute myocardial infarction by radioisotope method--assessment of the intravenous injection of urokinase and comparison with the results of PTCR + PTCA].
The therapeutic effect of intravenous injection of Urokinase (UK method) on acute myocardial infarction (AMI) was studied and compared with the results of the therapeutic effect of PTCR + PTCA. The subjects comprise 108 cases with AMI, and a radioisotope examination was performed in the acute stage to calculate LVEF and Tl-defect ratio (Tl-DR). Measured by the UK method, Tl-DR in the group given 1.2 X 10(6) units of UK was 1.63 +/- 0.8, which was lower than the 2.4 +/- 1.33 for the group given 9.6 X 10(5) unit of UK, whereas a favorable therapeutic effect was obtained in both groups compared to 3.5 +/- 2.5 in the control group. In the group given UK within 6 hours after the onset of AMI, favorable results were obtained for LVEF (44.5 +/- 11.2%) and Tl-DR (1.68 +/- 0.82). The UK group showed as better results as the PTCR + PTCA group for LVEF (42.3 +/- 11.3 vs. 38.1 +/- 7.4) and Tl-DR (2.10 +/- 1.19 vs. 2.09 +/- 0.62). In both the UK and PTCR + PTCA groups, Tl-DR was well maintained despite an increase in the peak CPK and a decrease in LVEF, and, therefore, the conservation of stunned myocardium in the acute stage was suggested. From the above, it was concluded that the UK method is useful for treating AMI.
Aged↗
A highly potent and long-acting oral inhibitor of human renin.
An orally active renin inhibitor, ES 6864 (N-[(2R)-3-morpholinocarbonyl-2-(1-naphthylmethyl)propionyl]-(4- thiazolyl)-L-alanyl-cyclostatine-(2-morpholinoethyl)amide), was synthesized. ES 6864 was found to be a highly potent inhibitor of human renin with a Ki value of 7.3 x 10(-9) M. The compound competitively inhibited human renin. The inhibitor was also potent against monkey renin but was less effective against renins from pig, goat, dog, rabbit, and rat. ES 6864 did not inhibit cathepsin D, pepsin, trypsin, chymotrypsin, angiotensin converting enzyme, and urinary kallikrein at a concentration of 10(-5) M. ES 6864 was resistant to proteolytic actions of the enzymes in rat tissue homogenates (liver, kidney, pancreas, and small intestine). Oral administration of ES 6864 at 30 mg/kg to conscious, sodium-depleted marmosets produced a significant blood pressure reduction and almost complete inhibition of plasma renin activity, which persisted for 5 hours. Oral administration of ES 6864 also produced dose-related decreases of blood pressure in hog renin-infused rats, but the duration of action was much shorter than that in conscious marmosets. The parent compound in the blood following oral administration of ES 6864 to marmosets was confirmed directly by measuring the plasma concentration of ES 6864. These results enhance the possibility of developing renin inhibitors that can be used clinically.
Administration, Oral↗
Two human papillomavirus DNAs molecularly cloned from a patient with epidermodysplasia verruciformis: restriction maps.
Two distinct human papillomavirus (HPV) DNAs (MY-1 and MY-2) were molecularly cloned from the benign skin lesions of a patient with epidermodysplasia verruciformis. The restriction map of MY-1 was the same as that of HPV 3a. The map of MY-2 appeared to be different from those of any HPVs reported in the literature. MY-2 did not cross-hybridize with MY-1 or the DNAs of HPV types 1, 2 and 4 under stringent conditions.
DNA, Viral↗