Association between polymorphism of interleukin-1beta-511 promoter and susceptibility to febrile convulsions in Taiwanese children.
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Child↗
Biomedical subjects
Y Y Hsieh
Publications and source records attributed to Y Y Hsieh.
p21 gene codon 31 arginine/serine polymorphism: non-association with endometriosis.
p21, an important regulator of the cell cycle, acts as a mediator of the growth-suppressing and -promoting functions of p53. We aimed to investigate the association between codon 31 polymorphisms of p21 gene and endometriosis. Women were divided into two groups: endometriosis (n = 102) and nonendometriosis (n = 119). The gene polymorphism for p21 codon 31 involved a base change from AGC to AGA and amino acid changes from serine (Ser) to arginine (Arg). Polymorphisms (Ser homozygotes, heterozygotes, Arg homozygotes) between both groups were detected and compared. Associations between the endometriosis and polymorphisms were evaluated. The results revealed that the distributions of different p21 polymorphisms in both groups were nonsignificantly different. The proportions of Ser homozygote/heterozygote/Arg homozygote in endometriosis and nonendometriois populations were 26.5/48.0/25.5% and 17.6/50.4/31.9%, respectively. We concluded the noncorrelation between the endometriosis and the p21 codon 31 polymorphism. p21 gene codon 31 arginine/serine polymorphism is not a useful marker for prediction of endometriosis susceptibility.
Arginine↗
Androgen receptor trinucleotide polymorphism in endometriosis.
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Endometriosis↗
Leukemia inhibitory factor decreases the arylamine N-acetyltransferase activity in human cumulus granulosa cells.
PURPOSE: To evaluate the activities of acetyl coenzyme A (AcCoA):arylamine N-acetyltransferase (NAT) of intact cumulus granulosa cells and the role of leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) upon their NAT activities. METHODS: Thirty women accepted controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) and oocyte retrievals. Human cumulus granulosa cells were obtained during oocyte retrievals. Using 2-aminofluorene (2-AF) and p-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) as substrates, NAT activity of all samples was determined by high pressure liquid chromatography. After the incubation with different time and concentrations of 2-AF, PABA, and LIF, 2-acetyl-aminofluorene (2-AAF) and N-acetyl-PABA (N-Ac-PABA) were measured. RESULTS: After incubation with 2.812, 5.625, 11.25, and 22.5 microM of 2-AF/PABA, their product concentrations (2-AAF/N-Ac-PABA) were 0.42/0.32, 0.76/0.58, 1.29/1.04, and 1.94/1.26 nmol/10(6) cells, respectively. After 6, 12, 18, and 24 h incubation with 11.25 microM of 2-AF/PABA, their product concentrations were 0.19/0.12, 0.56/0.4, 0.98/0.79, and 1.3/1.0 nmol/10(6) cells, respectively. After incubation with 0, 5, and 50 microM of LIF, the 2-AAF/N-Ac-PABA concentrations were 0.98/0.80, 0.70/0.52, and 0.49/0.30 nmol/10(6) cells, respectively. CONCLUSION: Intact human cumulus granulosa cells could acetylate arylamine carcinogen (2-AF) and noncarcinogens drug (PABA). LIF decreased the NAT activities. It provides a model for monitoring the effects of COH and LIF upon the oocytes.
2-Acetylaminofluorene↗
Kinetics of acetyl coenzyme A: arylamine N-acetyltransferase from human cumulus cells.
PURPOSE: N-acetyltransferase (NAT) activity is involved in the detoxification of exogenous amines. We aimed to evaluate the kinetics of acetyl coenzyme A (AcCoA): arylamine NAT for human cumulus cells. METHODS: Thirty infertile women who were undergoing controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) and oocyte retrievals were recruited. Human cumulus cells were obtained during oocyte retrievals. Using 2-aminofluorene (2-AF) and p-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) as substrates, NAT activity and Michaelis-Menten kinetics constants of all samples were determined by using high-pressure liquid chromatography. RESULTS: There were 6 rapid, 10 intermediate, and 14 slow acetylators. 2-AF-NAT and PABA-NAT activities were 0.97 +/- 0.74 and 0.89 +/- 0.77 nmol/min/mg protein, respectively. Km/Vmax of rapid and slow acetylators for 2-AF were (161 +/- 55)/(15.6 +/- 2.9) and (27.8 +/- 11.4)/(2.6 +/- 0.9), respectively. Km/Vmax of rapid and slow acetylators for PABA were (104 +/- 36)/(13.2 +/- 2.8) versus (20.0 +/- 10)/(2.0 +/- 0.7), respectively. Compared to slow acetylators, the rapid acetylators exhibited higher Km/Vmax values for 2-AF (5.8-/6-fold) and PABA (6-/6.6-fold), respectively. CONCLUSION: Human cumulus could acetylate arylamine carcinogen (2-AF) and noncarcinogen drug (PABA). Higher percentage of rapid acetylators established in the cumulus during COH. It provides a model for monitoring the effects of pollution or carcinogenesis upon the oocyte during COH and oocyte retrievals.
4-Aminobenzoic Acid↗
Polymorphisms for interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta)-511 promoter, IL-1 beta exon 5, and IL-1 receptor antagonist: nonassociation with endometriosis.
PURPOSE: We aimed to investigate if interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) and IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) gene polymorphism could be used as markers of susceptibility in endometriosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Women were divided into two groups: 1) endometriosis (n = 120); 2) nonendometriosis groups (n = 103). Polymorphisms for IL-1 beta-511 promoter, IL-1 beta exon 5, and IL-1Ra were detected by polymerase chain reaction. Genotypes and allelic frequencies for these polymorphisms in both groups were compared. RESULTS: Proportions of different IL-1 and IL-1Ra polymorphisms in both groups were nonsignificantly different. Proportions of C homozygote/heterozygote/T homozygote for IL-1 beta-511 promoter in both groups were 1) 21.6/59.1/19.1% and 2) 26.2/50.5/23.3%. Proportions of E1 homozygote/heterozygote/E2 homozygote for IL-1 beta exon 5 in both groups were 1) 91.6/5/3.3% and 2) 95.15/4.85/0%. Allele I/II/IV/V for IL-1Ra in both groups were 1) 92.5/5.4/1.6/0.4% and 2) 95.1/3.9/1/0%. CONCLUSIONS: Association of endometriosis with IL-1 beta-511 promoter, IL-1 beta exon 5, and IL-1 receptor antagonist gene polymorphisms doesn't exist. These polymorphisms are not useful markers for prediction of endometriosis susceptibility.
Asian People↗
Antral follicle counting in predicting the retrieved oocyte number after ovarian hyperstimulation.
PURPOSE: To evaluate the antral follicle (AF) counting in predicting the outcome after controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) and IVF-ET. METHODS: Infertile women who accepted the COH and IVF-ET were included prospectively. Day
Adult↗
Longitudinal survey of blood flow at three different locations in the middle cerebral artery in normal fetuses.
OBJECTIVES: To assess vascular impedance at three different locations in the middle cerebral artery (MCA) in normal fetuses throughout gestation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Uncomplicated singleton pregnancies at 15-40 weeks' gestation in which Doppler surveys of both MCAs could be obtained were recruited. The pulsatility index (PI) and resistance index (RI) of the proximal, mid and distal sites of both MCAs were measured. The five gestation periods at which the Doppler surveys were performed were (i) 15-19 completed weeks; (ii) 20-24 completed weeks; (iii) 25-29 completed weeks; (iv) 30-34 completed weeks; (v) 35-39 completed weeks. RESULTS: A total of 42 fetuses were recruited. The average PI/RI values of the proximal, mid and distal MCA were 1.61/0.82, 1.77/0.82, and 1.84/0.84, respectively. The PI value of the proximal MCA was lower than that of the mid and distal MCA. The PI values of the mid and distal MCA showed no difference. The RI value of the MCA from the three locations also showed no difference. The PI/RI values of MCA for each gestational phase were: (i) 1.81/0.87; (ii) 1.79/0.86; (iii) 1.78/0.86; (iv) 1.70/0.81; (v) 1.62/0.77, respectively. Decreased PI/RI values were observed after 30 weeks' gestation. CONCLUSIONS: The PI values of the proximal MCA are lower than those of the mid and distal MCA. A marked decrease in PI/RI values was observed after 30 weeks' gestation.
Adult↗
Prenatal diagnosis of oculocutaneous albinism two mutations located at the same allele.
A pregnant woman accepted amniocentesis on account of the previous birth of type 1 oculocutaneous albinism (OCA1). PCR revealed that the fetus had two mutations (862delTT, Arg 299His). The father had one missense mutation (Arg 299Ser) and the mother had the same mutations as the fetus. Two mutations of the fetus located at the same allele were suspected. Postpartal follow-up confirmed his carrier status. For recessive disorders, faced with a fetus with two mutations, the importance of performing segregation analysis of mutation on both parents is emphasized. This could exclude two mutations located at the same allele and prevent the unnecessary termination of a fetus with carrier status.
Adult↗
Search for immunomodulatory effects of blood transfusion in gastric cancer patients: flow cytometry of Th1/Th2 cells in peripheral blood.
Allogeneic transfusion seems to drive the immune system toward a Th2 response and away from a Th1 response, providing a hypothetical mechanism for transfusion-induced immunomodulation. By means of an intracytoplasmic cytokine detection technique with flow cytometry, it is possible to measure Th1 and Th2 cells derived from peripheral blood mononuclear cells. This study evaluated the presence of transfusion-induced immunomodulation in 11 gastric cancer patients after gastrectomy with perioperative blood transfusion, compared to 11 gastric cancer patients who were treated by gastrectomy without transfusion. Lymphocytes subsets, including CD4 T cells, CD8 T cells, CD4/CD8 Ratio, CD2(+) T cells, CD3(+) T cells, and CD19(+) B cells, were measured in these patients, as well as variables that might suggest transfusion-induced immunomodulation, such as duration of antibiotic use, duration of hospital stay, and total hospital charges. This study also measured changes in the Th1/Th2 ratio. Th1 and Th2 lymphocytes were characterized by measuring intracellular expression of cytokines with flow cytometry. Cells were stimulated with phorbol myristate acetate and ionomycin in the presence of brefeldin-A. The results showed no significant differences in lymphocyte subsets, Th1/Th2 ratio, total hospital charges, or duration of antibiotic utilization between the groups of transfused and non-transfused gastric cancer patients after gastrectomy. The only significant difference was a longer hospital stay for transfused patients (mean 20.5 da) compared to non-transfused patients (mean 16.2 da). The anticipated finding of a Th2 response after blood transfusion was not observed. A larger group of patients may be needed to document such an effect, since many confounding variables affect the morbidity and outcome of surgery in these patients.
Aged↗
Effect of methylglyoxal on mouse embryogenesis.
BACKGROUND: Methylglyoxal (MG), a highly active and mutagenetic compound, has been found widely in a variety of foods and beverages. We investigated the effect of MG on mouse embryo development in-vitro. METHODS: Two-cell mouse embryos were divided into six groups according to the MG concentration in the culture medium: Group 1 (control group). 0 mM; Group 2, 10(-4) mM; Group 3, 10(-3) mM; Group 4, 10(-2) mM; Group 5, 10(-1) mM; Group 6, 1 mM. Embryo development and cleavage were compared every day for 5 days. RESULTS: The percentages of embryos reaching blastocyst/hatching stages were as follows: Group 1, 66.8%/34.2%; Group 2, 67.9%/38.7%; Group 3, 56.2%/31.5%; Group 4, 39.4%/14.1%; Group 5, 11.4%/10.2%; Group 6, 0%/0%. Higher MG concentrations (> or = 10(-2) mM) were associated with morphological aberrations and blocked development of embryos. CONCLUSION: The cutoff value of MG concentration on the mouse embryo development in-vitro is 10(-2) mM. An increased risk of embryotoxicity occurs with MG concentrations > or = 10(-2) mM in vitro. There were no significant effects on the growth rate at MG concentrations of 10(-3) and 10(-4) mM.
Animals↗
Doppler study of the fetal middle cerebral artery at three locations: preliminary report.
BACKGROUND: Middle cerebral artery (MCA) detection is useful in monitoring fetal well-being. Knowledge of Doppler flow velocity of the fetal MCA may assist in prenatal diagnosis and management of complicated pregnancies. The aim of this study was to compare the pulsatility index (PI) and resistance index (RI) of the MCA at different locations throughout pregnancy. METHODS: Uncomplicated singleton pregnancies accepted Doppler surveys of the bilateral MCA. PI and RI values of the proximal, middle, and distal 1/3 of the MCA were measured. The gestation periods for Doppler surveys were (1) 15 to 19 weeks; (2) 20 to 24 weeks; (3) 25 to 29 weeks; (4) 30 to 34 weeks; and (5) 35 to 40 weeks. The MCA flows at different locations and at different gestational aged were compared. RESULTS: There were 21 patients included. Average PI/RI values of the proximal, middle and distal MCA were 1.62/0.80, 1.69/0.81, and 1.71/0.83, which were non-significantly different. The PI/RI values of MCA in each gestational phase were also non-significantly different: (1) 1.70/0.84; (2) 1.72/0.82; (3) 1.68/0.83; (4) 1.65/0.81; (5) 1.62/0.77. CONCLUSIONS: The PI and RI values of the proximal MCA were non-significantly lower than those of middle and distal MCA. Middle MCA could represent three locations of MCA. A trend of lower PI/RI values with advancing gestation was noted.
Adult↗
Zona-free oocyte fertilized with intracytoplasmic sperm injection and underwent further division: case report and literature review.
The zona pellucida (ZP) plays a protective role during fertilization and early embryonic development. It is related to sperm binding, the acrosome reaction, prevention of polyspermic fertilization, and holding blastomeres together before the morular stage. Zona-free oocytes are accidentally encountered. If these oocytes are healthy, they can be fertilized normally by intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). We reported on a couple with male infertility undergoing oocyte retrieval after ovarian hyperstimulation. Before the ICSI procedure, cumulus cells surrounding the oocytes were removed, which resulted in one oocyte escaping from its ZP. The zona-free oocyte was fertilized normally with ICSI and developed to the 8-cell stage. We observed that the zona-free zygote had the ability to further divide, despite its loose contact. The zona-free embryo was transferred with other zona-intact embryos, but the implantation failed. We conclude that zona-free oocytes can be rescued, fertilized with ICSI, and cultured for further transfer or cryopreservation.
Adult↗
Longitudinal doppler sonographic measurements of vascular impedance in the central and peripheral spiral arteries throughout pregnancy.
PURPOSE: We assessed vascular impedance in the spiral arteries in the central and peripheral placental bed throughout uncomplicated pregnancies. METHODS: Transabdominal color Doppler sonography was used to measure the pulsatility index (PI), resistance index (RI), and peak systolic velocity in the central and peripheral spiral arteries in 94 women with uncomplicated singleton pregnancies. Sonographic examinations took place approximately every 5 weeks from 10 to 40 weeks' menstrual age. RESULTS: PI, RI, and peak systolic velocity were not different in the central versus the peripheral segments of the spiral arteries. The PI and RI values of central spiral arteries after 25 weeks' menstrual age. The PI and RI values of peripheral arteries decreased after 20 weeks' menstrual age. CONCLUSIONS: Additional subjects are needed to clarify changes in the impedance of central and peripheral spiral arteries over the course of normal and complicated pregnancies.
Adult↗
Fetal renal volume assessment by three-dimensional ultrasonography.
OBJECTIVE: This study was undertaken to measure fetal renal volume by means of three-dimensional ultrasonography and to use those data to establish the accurate constant and formula for fetal renal volume assessment with two-dimensional ultrasonography. STUDY DESIGN: Singleton fetuses between 15 and 40 weeks' gestation were included. The volumes of both fetal kidneys were measured with three-dimensional ultrasonography. Three fetal renal diameters (largest anteroposterior, transverse, and longitudinal diameters) were measured, and the constant of the fetal renal volume formula was calculated. Linear regression curves were made for each kidney from the fetal renal volume, the three diameters, and the constant. RESULTS: A total of 112 fetuses were included. The following fetal renal volume formula was established: Fetal renal volume = Constant (R) x Largest anteroposterior diameter (x) x Largest transverse diameter (y) x Largest longitudinal diameter (z). The volumes, the three diameters, and the constants appeared different between the right and left kidneys but not statistically significantly so. CONCLUSION: Three-dimensional ultrasonography is useful in assessing fetal renal volume. The fetal renal volume formula makes possible accurate measurements of fetal renal volume by two-dimensional ultrasonography.
Female↗
Effect of different concentrations of recombinant leukemia inhibitory factor on different development stage of mouse embryo in vitro.
PURPOSE: To assess the influence of different concentrations of recombinant human leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) on the in vitro development of mouse embryos. METHODS: The 2- to 4-cell embryos of CB6F1 mice were cultured in the human tubal fluid (HTF) media containing different concentrations of LIF. Mouse embryos were divided into seven groups: (1) HTF; (2) 1500 IU/ml LIF; (3) 1000 IU/ml LIF; (4) 750 IU/ml LIF; (5) 500 IU/ml LIF; (6) 250 IU/ml LIF; (7) 125 IU/ml LIF. The embryonic numbers of different stages including 5-8 cell, 9-16 cell, morula, blastocyst, and hatching blastocyst were recorded. RESULTS: The percentage of early embryo stage (2-cell embryos to 6- to 16-cell stages) in all groups were nonsignificantly different. There were higher formation rates of preimplantation embryos (morula to hatching blastocyst) in groups 2, 3, 4, and 5 than in groups 1, 6 and 7. CONCLUSIONS: LIF has positive effects on preimplantation embryo development and has nonsignificant influence on the early embryo development. The lowest concentration of LIF which could provide the optimal embryo development is 500 IU/ml.
Animals↗
Prolonged culture of human cryopreserved embryos with recombinant human leukemia inhibitory factor.
PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficiency of recombinant human leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) in the prolonged culture of human cryopreserved-thawing embryos. METHODS: After thawing, all embryos were divided into four groups: (1) Human tubal fluid (HTF), (2) HTF + LIF, (3) M3TH medium, and (4) M3TH medium plus LIF. Following prolonged culture, embryo development in each group was compared. RESULTS: In embryo development from about the 2- to 4-cell to 9- to 16-cell stage, there were nonsignificant differences between each group. There was lower morula formation rate in group 1 (6.9%) than those in other groups (23.2%, 19.7%, 23.1%). The lower blastocyst formation in group 1 and 3 (0%, 0%) than those in group 2 and 4 (11.0%, 12.8%) were noted. CONCLUSIONS: LIF is beneficial for preimplantation embryos. LIF does not influence the early embryo development. LIF-supplemented HTF provided a similar culture environment for thawing embryos as LIF-supplemented M3TH medium.
Blastocyst↗
Leukemia inhibitory factor expression in different endometrial locations between fertile and infertile women throughout different menstrual phases.
PURPOSE: The purpose was to demonstrate the leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) expression in different endometrial locations between fertile and infertile women throughout different menstrual phases. The relationship between progesterone level and LIF expression were evaluated. METHODS: Endometrial biopsies were performed on idiopathic infertile and normal fertile women accepted the in follicular, periovulatory, and luteal phases. The luteal progesterone level was measured. Endometrial LIF immunostaining of luminal epithelium, glandular epithelium, and stroma were detected. The relationship between luteal LIF expression and progesterone level was evaluated. RESULTS: Significant LIF expression was noted in the endometrium of fertile women rather than that of infertile women. The LIF expression was highest in the luminal epithelium, moderate in the glandular epithelium, and lowest in the stroma. The luminal and glandular epithelial staining were lowest in follicular phase, moderate in periovulatory phase, and strongest in luteal phase. The stromal LIF presented with a noncyclical manner. The LIF expression is not related with the progesterone level. CONCLUSIONS: Endometrial LIF expression is related to human fertility. Endometrial LIF expression is dependent on cellular localizations and menstrual stages. Stronger LIF expression presents in the endometrial epithelium during luteal phase.
Adult↗