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Biomedical subjects

Y Urano

Publications and source records attributed to Y Urano.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

[Transitory abnormal myelopoiesis of the monoblastic form in a newborn infant with Down's syndrome and liver cirrhosis].

A case of 5-day old newborn infant with trisomy 21, who presented a leucocytosis (151 000/ml) with 60% of monoblasts and marked hepatosplenomegaly is reported. Transient abnormal myelopoiesis (TAM) was retained. TAM regressed spontaneously. However the baby died at the age of 50 days. The autopsy showed extramedullary hematopoiesis with marked monocytosis and liver cirrhosis of neonatal hepatitic origin. The pathogenesis of TAM in this case was discussed.

Bone Marrow↗
PubMed1982

Cloning and determination of the transcription termination site of ribosomal RNA gene of the mouse.

A Eco RI 6.6 kb DNA fragment containing the 3'-end of 28S ribosomal RNA gene of the mouse was detected by Southern blot hybridization, and cloned in a lambda-phage vector. The site of transcription termination and the processed 3'-end of 28S RNA were determined on the cloned fragment and the surrounding nucleotide sequence determined. The 3'-terminal nucleotides of mouse 28S RNA are similar to those of yeast, Drosophila and Xenopus although the homology was lost drastically beyond the 3'-end of 28S RNA. 45S precursor RNA terminated at 30 nucleotides downstream from the 3'-end of 28S RNA gene. A structure of a dyad symmetry with a loop was found immediately prior to the termination site of 45S RNA. The rDNA termination site thus shares some common features with termination sites recognized by other RNA polymerases.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Annual of pathological autopsy cases in Japan. Computerization of autopsy data from 1974 to 1979 and their statistical study.

The Japanese Pathological Society has established a unique registration system for autopsy cases since 1958. The autopsy data are published every year as an annual which numbers 22 volumes and includes 443,604 cases. This annual entitled Annual of Pathological Autopsy Cases in Japan is composed of 2 parts. One is the description part in which autopsy records of individual cases (institution, autopsy number, age, sex, address, occupation, clinics, clinical diagnosis, pathological diagnosis, and remarks) are summarized in a formula with 108 Japanese characters. The other is the statistical part in which disease-specific frequency with age distribution, combination of multiple malignancies are recorded. For this statistical study, computerization of the autopsy data was started from 1974. Modified MOTNAC codes are used for malignant neoplasms and modified ICD codes for the other diseases. Computerization of autopsy data has led to accurate statistical studies of autopsy cases in Japan and will contribute to the development of medical science.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Organization of ribosomal RNA gene repeats of the mouse.

The organization of the ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes of the mouse was determined by Southern blot hybridization using cloned rDNA fragments as probes, which could encompass the entire spacer region between two rRNA gene regions. The rRNA genes are organized into tandem repeats of nearly uniform length of about 44 kb. The heterogeneity detected in the nontranscribed spacer appears to be caused by its sequence rather than its length difference. At least three kinds of repetitive sequences are present in the non-transcribed spacer region; two of them are located 13 kb upstream from the 5'-end of 18S RNA gene and the other located 1 to 4 kb downstream from the 3'-end of 28S RNA gene.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

The nucleotide sequence of the putative transcription initiation site of a cloned ribosomal RNA gene of the mouse.

Approximately one kilobase pairs surrounding and upstream the transcription initiation site of a cloned ribosomal DNA (rDNA) of the mouse were sequenced. The putative transcription initiation site was determined by two independent methods: one nuclease S1 protection and the other reverse transcriptase elongation mapping using isolated 45S ribosomal RNA precursor (45S RNA) and appropriate restriction fragments of rDNA. Both methods gave an identical result; 45S RNA had a structure starting from ACTCTTAG---. Characteristically, mouse rDNA had many T clusters (greater than or equal to 5) upstream the initiation site, the longest being 21 consecutive T's. A pentadecanucleotide, TGCCTCCCGAGTGCA, appeared twice within 260 nucleotides upstream the putative initiation site. No such characteristic sequences were found downstream this site. Little similarity was found in the upstream of the transcription initiation site between the mouse, Xenopus laevis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae rDNA.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

In vitro synthesis of a 5S RNA precursor by isolated nuclei of rat liver and HeLa cells.

Isolated rat liver nuclei were incubated under appropriate conditions in the presence of 0.5 micrograms/ml alpha-amanitin and an RNAase inhibitor prepared from cytosol fraction, together with alpha-32P-UTP or alpha-32P-CTP and three other nucleoside triphosphates. RNA extracted by an SDS-hot phenol procedure was fractionated with sucrose density gradient centrifugation followed by acrylamide gel electrophoresis. Fingerprint analysis of the in vitro synthesized "5S" RNA, which was slightly larger than mature 5S RNA on gel electrophoresis, showed that it contained all the sequences of mature 5S RNA except for the oligonucleotide at the 3' end. Instead, it contained two additional spots which were not present in mature 5S RNA. Analysis of the extra spots revealed that they were derived from the 3' end of the in vitro synthesized "5S RNA, which were sequenced tentatively as -CUUGAUGCUUoh (extra sequence underlined). The 5' end of the product was (p)pGU--. Isolated HeLa cell nuclei synthesized similar sized "5S" RNA under the same conditions. We conclude from these results that in isolated nuclei of these mammalian cells RNA polymerase III starts transcription of 5S RNA gene at the same site as the 5' end of mature 5S RNA, proceeds toward the 3' direction and stops at a site probably 8 nucleotides downstream from the 3' end of mature 5S RNA. Experiments with a short pulse and with various "chases" have demonstrated the presence of a short-lived precursor 5S RNA which is similar in size and sequence to in vitro "5S" RNA, suggesting that 5S RNA is synthesized in vivo as a longer precursor molecular as demonstrated in this in vitro system, and is rapidly processed into mature 5S RNA.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Alpha-fetoprotein, prealbumin, albumin, alpha-1-antitrypsin and transferrin as diagnostic and therapeutic markers for endodermal sinus tumors.

According to Gitlin, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), albumin, prealbumin, alpha-1-antitrypsin and transferrin are normal products of the human yolk sac. They are expected to reappear in human endodermal sinus tumor (yolk sac tumor). The synthesis of alpha-fetoprotein and other serum proteins by human endodermal sinus tumor was studied in the culture cells and in the tumor tissue transplanted into nude mice. The results gave evidences of synthesis of some of these proteins including alpha-fetoprotein and alpha-1-antitrypsin. Serum concentrations of these proteins were studied in eight children having endodermal sinus tumors. Serum AFP levels were abnormally high in all cases, whereas concentrations of other serum proteins were almost within normal ranges. This might be simply reflected by the fact that pre-albumin, albumin, alpha-1-antitrypsin, and transferrin are already present in large quantities in sera of normal subjects while alpha-fetoprotein is present only in a negligible quantity. Alpha-fetoprotein, as a diagnostic and therapeutic marker of endodermal sinus tumor, showed good correlation to the tumor growth. Serum AFP concentrations declined almost to 0 ng/ml with a half-life of 4 days when surgical removal was complete, whereas serum AFP decreased only to 100-200 ng/ml with radiation and chemotherapy alone.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Bone-lengthening for shortness of the fourth toe.

Short fourth metatarsals were observed in 102 patients, often bilaterally. Forty-six of these patients were treated by variations on Jinnaka's bone-lengthening method--that is, interposing a spindle-shaped bone graft within the metatarsophalangeal joint. We examined twenty-six patients clinically and roentgenographically after a follow-up averaging 11.4 years. Satisfactory results were obtained in 74.4 per cent.

Adolescent↗