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Biomedical subjects

Y Ueda

Publications and source records attributed to Y Ueda.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

Binding of recombinant human cytokeratin 19 to laminin: a possible role in interaction between intermediate filament derived from epithelial cells and extracellular matrixes.

Cytokeratin 8 (CK8) and cytokeratin 19 (CK19) is a specific cytoskeletal component of simple epithelia, including bronchial epithelial cells. We hypothesized that CK8 or CK19 released from epithelial cells may bind to and cause damage to extracellular matrixes through binding of anti-CK8 or anti-CK19 autoantibodies. In the present study, bindings of recombinant human CK8 and CK19 to laminin (both derived from mouse sarcoma cells and human), collagen, gelatin, and fibronectin were evaluated by a modified enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In addition, binding of CK19 to laminin was also confirmed by inhibition assay. As a result, CK19 strongly bound to mouse laminin as well as human laminin. Pretreatment with laminin significantly reduced the binding of CK19 to laminin. However, binding of recombinant CK19 to laminin was not demonstrated by Western immunoblot, suggesting that SDS treatment of laminin diminished the binding. These results suggest that released CK19 from epithelial cells may have played a role in the damage of basement membrane by accumulation of an immune complex composed by CK19 and anti-CK19 autoantibody.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Stable prostaglandin I1 analog SM-10906 modulates productions of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1 and interleukin-6 in mouse macrophages.

The present study investigated the effects of stable agonist for prostaglandin (PG) I2 receptor with PGI1 skeleton, SM-10906, on pro-inflammatory cytokine production by mouse peritoneal macrophages (PEMs) in comparison with PGE1 and PGI2. In mouse PEMs, SM-10906 and PGE1 slightly enhanced interleukin (IL)-6 secretion, but had no effects on tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) or IL-1 production. SM-10906 concentration-dependently inhibited TNF-alpha, IL-1 and IL-6 releases from lipopolysaccharide-activated mouse PEMs, as with PGE1, PGI2 and cAMP analog. Additionally, SM-10906, PGE1 and PGI2 caused concentration-dependent accumulation of cAMP contents in mouse PEMs. It is concluded that PGI1 analog SM-10906 exerts anti-inflammatory effects on stimulated mouse PEMs by increasing in cAMP levels, as with E-series of PG.

Alprostadil↗
PubMed2000

Nicotiana tabacum cDNAs encoding alpha and beta subunits of a heterotrimeric GTP-binding protein isolated from hairy root tissues.

Heterotrimeric GTP-binding proteins (G-proteins) play important roles in signal transduction pathways in eukaryotic cells. Through differential screening of a hairy root cDNA library of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) against transcripts from non-root tissues of normal cuttings, we obtained a partial cDNA clone that showed abundant expression and high homology to the alpha subunit gene of plant G-protein. After RACE-PCR, a full-length cDNA clone was obtained, which was 1,677-bp in length and contained an open reading frame encoding a protein of 384 amino acids. A cDNA clone encoding a beta subunit of G-protein was also isolated from the same cDNA library based on PCR amplification and library screening. The clone was 1,600-bp in length and contained an open reading frame encoding 377 amino acids. The deduced amino acid sequences of these clones showed high homology (75.5 to 99.8% amino acid identity) with alpha and beta subunits of other plant G-proteins. Genomic Southern blot analysis showed that the amphidiploid tobacco genome possessed two major copies of both alpha and beta subunit genes and some minor homologous copies. Northern blot analysis showed that the transcript of alpha subunit gene was abundant in the root tissues, particularly in the hairy root tissues. In contrast, the level of expression of the beta subunit gene was equivalent in all the tissues studied. Possible function of tobacco G-protein was discussed.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed2000

Anti-thyroid drug-induced ANCA-associated vasculitis: a case report and review of the literature.

We report a case of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis induced by propylthiouracil (PTU), and review the literature concerning to anti-thyroid drug-induced ANCA-associated vasculitis. A 45-year-old man treated with PTU developed fever and arthralgia without pulmonary, skin or eye involvement. These symptoms persisted for a long period without specific symptom, sign or laboratory data of other arthritis. Laboratory findings of urine and blood were normal, except for positive MPO-ANCA (191EU) and PR3-ANCA (37EU) findings. After PTU was discontinued without steroids or immune modulating drugs, both symptoms disappeared. Our patient had a high titer of MPO-ANCA. Moreover, titers of ANCA fell in correlation with the course of symptoms after the cessation of PTU, and we diagnosed PTU-induced ANCA-associated vasculitis. Most patients with pulmonary renal syndrome receive anti-thyroid drugs over a prolonged period, but the duration of our case was shorter than those of these patients. It is suggested that our patient was diagnosed at an early stage of ANCA-associated vasculitis before the start of pulmonary or renal involvement.

Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic↗
PubMed2000

A case of penetrating aortic atherosclerotic ulcer with hemoptysis.

A 69-year old Japanese woman with hypertension was admitted because of continuous back pain and recurrent hemoptysis. Radiographic findings showed an enhanced irregular mass, at the aortic arch fed by the tracheal artery, which implied both a penetrating aortic atherosclerotic ulcer and lung cancer. Diagnostic surgery revealed no evidence of cancer but did reveal a rupture of the intima at the distal part of the aortic arch. It is assumed that the transmural oozing occurred after development of the penetrating aortic ulcer, which formed an extra-aortic hematoma and caused surrounding inflammation, and led to tracheal artery feeding. The intramural hematoma might have weakened vascular wall tension from the aorta, and formed an oozing extra-aortic hematoma instead of an acute rupture.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

The relationship between gingivitis and colonization by Porphyromonas gingivalis and Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans in children.

BACKGROUND: Porphyromonas gingivalis and Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans are closely associated with the onset and severity of adult periodontal disease. However, little is known regarding the colonization by, and host antibody response to, these microorganisms in children. METHODS: Plaque and sera were obtained from 40 healthy children, 2 to 18 years old. Gingival health was assessed by the periodontal disease index (PDI), papillary bleeding score (BS) and the modified total papillary margin attachment index (M-PMA). P. gingivalis and A. actinomycetemcomitans in plaque samples were detected by slot immunoblotting (SIB). Serum antibody levels against these microorganisms were evaluated using ELISA. RESULTS: More than 60% of the children had detectable levels of P. gingivalis in their plaque. Those having detectable levels had more gingival inflammation than those having none; however, these differences were significant only in children over the age of 12 years (PDI, BS). In contrast, while 75% of the children had detectable A. actinomycetemcomitans, there were significant differences in gingival inflammation associated with colonization in children from 3 to 7 years of age (PDI) and over 12 years of age (M-PMA). Serum antibody levels to P. gingivalis were inversely correlated with gingival inflammation in all age groups, while A. actinomycetemcomitans titers were positively correlated with gingival inflammation only in the children over 12 years. No significant relationship between the presence of either A. actinomycetemcomitans or P. gingivalis and antibodies to them was found. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings show that P. gingivalis and A. actinomycetemcomitans are readily detected as early as 3 years of age and that their presence is associated with the onset and severity of gingivitis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

[The significance of cancer screening by immunological parameters].

Provided by the evidences that, in cancer patients, the production of Th 1 cytokines including IL-12, IFN-gamma, and TNF-alpha, is impaired, we asked whether these cytokines can be useful parameters for cancer detection. To the aim 174 patients diagnosed cancer of various organs, and 100 control individuals without cancer were enrolled to the study. We evaluated mitogen-stimulated production of cytokines and induction of Th 1 subset using peripheral blood mononuclear cells in vitro. Th 2 population was measured as the counterpart of Th 1 subset. NK cell activity was also measured. As acquired values did not show the normal distribution we employed a non-parametric test to compare the values between cancer and control. PHA-induced production of IL-12, IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha, in cancer was lower than that in control. Th 1 subset induced in cancer was lower than that in control. We found no difference in Th 2 subset induction between cancer and control. On the other hand, NK cell activity was augmented in cancer patients. When patients were grouped to early stage and advanced stage, both groups showed suppressed production of all three cytokines and suppressed induction of Th 1 cells. Interestingly, none of cytokines nor Th 1 subset differed between the two stages, suggesting that the impaired cytokine production may be a common feature of cancer condition and participate in the etiology of cancer. In contrast, enhanced induction of Th 2 subset was seen in advanced stage compared to early stage, indicating that Th cells might be biased to differentiate to Th 2 cells in advanced stage. From the results IL-12, IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha and Th 1 subset as well as NK activity appear to be promising parameters for cancer detection. Above all, IL-12 and IFN-gamma seem to be the best parameters due to high sensitivity and specificity, and independence from the stage of cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Administration of recombinant bovine tumor necrosis factor-alpha affects intermediary metabolism and insulin and growth hormone secretion in dairy heifers.

Four experiments were conducted to clarify the effect of intravenous (i.v.) administration of recombinant bovine tumor necrosis factor alpha (rbTNF) on selected metabolites and on hormone secretion in Holstein heifers (n = 6; 347.0 kg average BW). In Exp. 1, rbTNF was injected at three dosage levels in a Latin square; 0 (CONT), 2.5 (TNF2.5), or 5.0 (TNF5) microg/kg BW. Plasma glucose and triglyceride concentrations were at first elevated (P < .05) by rbTNF treatment and then were decreased (P < .05) by TNF2.5 and TNF5. Plasma NEFA concentrations were increased (P < .05) in rbTNF-treated groups. The injection of rbTNF resulted in an increase in plasma insulin levels (P < .05 with TNF5) during the period between 2 and 24 h, except for the period between 6 and 8 h, after the treatment. In Exp. 2, 3, and 4, each heifer received i.v. injections of glucose (.625 mM/kg BW) + rbTNF (5 microg/kg) or glucose + saline (10 mL) (Exp. 2), insulin (0.2 U/kg) + rbTNF or insulin + saline (Exp. 3), and GHRH (0.25 microg/kg) + rbTNF or GHRH + saline (Exp. 4) at 1-wk intervals. In Exp. 2, rbTNF inhibited (P < .05) glucose-stimulated insulin secretion during the initial phase. Thereafter, plasma insulin was higher (P < .01) with the glucose + rbTNF treatment than with the glucose + saline treatment. Treatment with rbTNF inhibited the insulin-stimulated glucose utilization (Exp. 3) and GHRH-stimulated GH secretion (Exp. 4) during the initial phase. These results suggest that rbTNF directly and(or) indirectly affects the intermediary metabolism and hormone secretion in Holstein heifers.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

[Worsened orthostatic hypotension due to levodopa administration in a case of Parkinson's disease].

A 70-year-old woman began to experience gait disturbance in 1995, followed by the appearance of action tremor of the left hand in 1996. This tremor was subsequently noted in the right hand. Her doctor initially diagnosed Parkinson's disease and administered amantadine and levodopa. The gait disturbance and tremor improved. However, she stopped taking the medication and her symptoms worsened in April, 1998. She was admitted to our hospital, and showed rigidity and action tremor predominantly on the left side, frozen gait, postural reflex disturbance and orthostatic hypotension. Following levodopa administration, her UPDRS score improved from 61.3 +/- 1.2 (mean +/- SD) to 41.7 +/- 5.4. However, she experienced a greater decrease in systolic blood pressure following administration upon standing, from 12.5 +/- 5.8 mmHg to 17.8 +/- 9.2 mmHg. Thus, although levodopa administration led to an improvement in rigidity, tremor and akinesia, her orthostatic hypotension worsened. Based on the present results clinicians should be aware of the potential of worsened orthostatic hypotension when prescribing levodopa to treat Parkinson's disease.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

FDG PET measurement of the proliferative potential of non-small cell lung cancer.

UNLABELLED: The goals of this study were to correlate FDG uptake with cell proliferation and cellular density in non-small cell lung cancer. METHODS: Thirty-one patients with 32 non-small cell lung cancers were examined with FDG PET. For semiquantitative analysis, standardized uptake values (SUVs) were calculated. All patients underwent thoracotomy within 4 wk after the FDG PET study. Cell proliferation was immunohistochemically assessed as the relative number of cells expressing the proliferating cell nuclear antigen ([PCNA] labeling index). Cellular density was also evaluated using light microscopy. RESULTS: SUVs correlated significantly with PCNA labeling index (r = 0.740; P < 0.0001) but only weakly with cellular density (r = 0.392; P = 0.0266). High FDG uptake correlated with high PCNA expression. The PCNA labeling index and SUVs were significantly lower in bronchioloalveolar carcinomas (n = 8) (12.3 +/- 9.45% and 1.45 +/- 0.76, respectively) than in nonbronchioloalveolar carcinomas (n = 19) (33.5 +/- 21.8%, P = 0.015, and 3.75 +/- 1.93, P = 0.003, respectively). However, no significant differences in cellular density were seen between bronchioloalveolar carcinomas and nonbronchioloalveolar carcinomas. CONCLUSION: FDG uptake is related to cell proliferation rather than to the cellular density of non-small cell lung cancer.

Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung↗
PubMed2000

[Coronary angioscopy in ischemic heart disease].

The validity of coronary angioscope was discussed in several clinical settings in this article. First of all, although smooth coronary surface was observed by coronary angiography after the intervention of chronic total occlusion, protrusion or thrombus observed by angioscope occupied the arterial lumen and closed the vessel lumen. After implantation of the stent, lumen was widely opened. Serial angioscopic observation revealed that the neointima became thick and non-transparent until 6 months and then became thin and transparent by 3 years after stent implantation. These findings suggested the validity of angioscope in coronary intervention. Second, coronary angioscope revealed the morphologic and pathologic characteristics of culprit lesions in patients with acute coronary syndrome. The thrombus was observed on the yellow plaque in the culprit lesion. The thrombus formed directly over the plaque was mainly white and red thrombus might be formed after the blood flow was disturbed by the white thrombus formed by the platelet aggregation. These findings imply the importance of anti-platelet therapy after acute coronary syndromes. Finally, the angioscope can detect the minimal changes of the plaque formation, progression and rupture, that is, the entire process of the atherosclerosis. The early detection of yellow plaque might be able to intervent mechanically or pharmacologically to prevent its rupture.

Angioscopy↗
PubMed2000

Inhibition of FGF-induced alphaA-crystallin promoter activity in lens epithelial explants by TGFbeta.

PURPOSE: Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) plays a key role in normal lens biology, and recent studies suggest that transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta is involved in the origin of certain forms of cataract. In the current study, the effects of FGF and TGFbeta on alphaA-crystallin promoter activity were investigated. METHODS: Rat lens epithelial explants were cultured with or without growth factors after transfecting with the firefly luciferase reporter gene driven by either the mouse alphaA-crystallin promoter region or a control simian virus (SV)40 promoter. RESULTS: FGF-2, at a concentration that induced lens fiber differentiation, strongly stimulated alphaA-crystallin promoter activity in explants at 3 to 4 days of culture, whereas SV40 promoter control specimens showed no comparable increase. At lower concentrations of FGF, sufficient to induce cell proliferation but not differentiation, there was only a slight increase in alphaA-crystallin promoter activity. Stimulation of alphaA-crystallin promoter activity induced by the fiber-differentiating concentration of FGF was virtually abolished by as little as 25 pg/ml TGFbeta2, but the onset of fiber-specific beta-crystallin accumulation was not prevented at this concentration. Phase-contrast microscopy revealed overt cataractous changes only at concentrations of TGFbeta more than 25 pg/ml. CONCLUSIONS: The stimulation of alphaA-crystallin promoter activity by FGF is consistent with its role in inducing accumulation of crystallins in explants. The blocking effect of TGFbeta on this process, even at a concentration too low to induce obvious pathologic changes, indicates the potential for TGFbeta to disturb alphaA-crystallin gene expression during early fiber differentiation.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

[Experimental study of calcification of the xenopericardia].

UNLABELLED: We studied the calcification of four kinds of xenopericardium used in cardiac surgery. Group 1: bovine Pericardium (Tissueguard. Biovascular, inc), Group 2: bovine pericardium (No-React. Shelhigh, inc), Group 3: porcine pericardium (Rigg. Polystan, inc), Group 4: equine pericardium (Xenomedica. Baxter-Edwards, inc). Each pericardium was implanted in abdominal subcutaneous pouches of rats. The mean calcium content of each Group after eight weeks of subcutaneous implantation were 0.67 +/- 0.15 mg/g, 0.51 +/- 0.15 mg/g, 161 +/- 18 mg/g and 173 +/- 18 mg/g in Group 1, Group 2, Group 3 and Group 4, respectively. There was no significant difference between Group 1 and 2, or between Group 3 and 4. On the other hand, there were significant differences between Group 1, 2 and Group 3, 4 (p < 0.001). The deposition of calcium and inflammatory changes were markedly observed microscopically in Group 3 and 4, but in Group 1 and 2, they were only slightly observed. CONCLUSION: Two kinds of bovine pericardium are superior to both porcine and equine pericardium in the point of less calcium deposition and inflammatory cellular response after implantation.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Molecular epidemiology of astroviruses in Japan from 1995 to 1998 by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction with serotype-specific primers (1 to 8).

In addition to the serotype-specific primers described previously (1 to 7), a new serotype 8-specific primer has been designed, allowing detection of all astrovirus serotypes. A total of 1,382 diarrheal stool samples in 5 regions in Japan were examined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The incidence of astrovirus infection in all 5 regions was 5.9% (82 of 1,382 samples) and infection occurred mainly from November to April. Serotypes 1, 3, and 4 were detected in 66, 14, and 2 of the 82 positive samples, respectively. None of the other serotypes was detected. The highest detection rate was from 0 to 1 year old, 39.0%, and the next highest was from 1 to 2 years old, 34.1%. The primers provide a useful approach for study of the epidemiology of astroviruses.

Astroviridae Infections↗
PubMed2000

[Surgical results of the Senning operation and arterial switch operation for complete transposition of the great arteries].

From March 1980 to August 1997, 42 patients with complete transposition of the great arteries (TGA) type I and II underwent arterial switch procedure (n = 20) or Senning (n = 22) procedure in our institution. In arterial switch procedure group, there were two operative death. No late death occurred, and one patient underwent reoperation and one underwent balloon pulmonary angioplasty for right sided obstruction. The freedom from the intervention rate for right sided obstruction was 83.0% at 5 years, subsequently. In Senning procedure group, operative death occurred in two patients with TGA type II, and one patient with TGA type II and two patients with type I died because of cardiac events in the late stage. In this group, two patients died from accident. The survival rate excluding accidental deaths was 77.7% and 77.7% at 5 and 10 years, respectively. However, those patients who died in the late stage had severe pre-operative and post-operative complication. In conclusion, mid-term results of arterial switch procedure is satisfactory, however, reintervention rate was not so low. Long term results of Senning procedure without preoperative or postoperative complication was satisfactory.

Cardiac Surgical Procedures↗
PubMed2000

Antitumor effect of alpha-galactosylceramide (KRN7000) on spontaneous hepatic metastases requires endogenous interleukin 12 in the liver.

Hepatic metastasis is a major clinical problem in cancer treatment. We examined antitumor activity of alpha-galactosylceramide (KRN7000) on mice with spontaneous liver metastases of reticulum cell sarcoma M5076 tumor cells (spontaneous metastasis model). In this model, all mice that were s.c. challenged with one million tumor cells developed a solid s.c. mass by day 7 and died of hepatic metastases. In the current study, we administered 100 microg/kg of KRN7000 to the model mice on days 7, 11, and 15. This treatment suppressed the growth of established liver metastases and resulted in the prolongation of survival time. Fluorescence-activated cell sorter analysis of phenotypes of spleen cells, hepatic lymphocytes, and regional lymph node cells around the s.c. tumor revealed that CD3+NK1.1+ (NKT) cells increased in hepatic lymphocytes of the KRN7000-treated mice. Cytotoxic activity and IFN-gamma production of hepatic lymphocytes were augmented in comparison with those of spleen cells and regional LN cells. At the same time, interleukin (IL)-12 production of hepatic lymphocytes was markedly enhanced. Neutralization of IL-12 using a blocking monoclonal antibody diminished the prolonged survival time. These results showed that the in vivo antitumor effects of KRN7000 on spontaneous liver metastases were dependent on the endogenous IL-12 production, where NKT cells in the liver are suggested to be involved. Adjuvant immunotherapy using KRN7000 could be a promising modality for the prevention of postoperative liver metastases.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗