Biomedical subjects

Y Ueda

Publications and source records attributed to Y Ueda.

At least 811 records · Page 45Linked to original sources

PubMed1989

Clinical pharmacology of N4-palmitoyl-1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine in patients with hematologic malignancies.

The pharmacokinetics of oral N4-palmitoyl-1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine (PLAC), a lipophilic and deaminase-resistant derivative of 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine (ara-C), were determined in patients with hematologic malignancies. The concentration of ara-C and 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosyluracil (ara-U), metabolites of PLAC, were measured by radioimmunoassay and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-mass fragmentography, respectively. The concentration of PLAC was determined by measuring ara-C, which was derived from PLAC by hydrolyzation. In six patients given an oral bolus of PLAC (300 mg/m2), the plasma-disappearance curve of PLAC corresponded to a one-compartment open model, including first-order absorption. The peak plasma level was 22.9 +/- 6.4 ng/ml, and the predicted time to reach the peak level was 2.5 +/- 1.0 h. The elimination half-life was 3.8 +/- 2.7 h. The plasma ara-C level increased slowly to 6.9 ng/ml during the 1st 2-3 h after administration and remained over 1.0 ng/ml for 12 h. Plasma ara-U was detectable for at least 24 h, with a peak concentration of 376 ng/ml at 6 h. Urinary PLAC excretion was below the limit of detection (5 ng/ml) in all cases. Prolonged urinary ara-C and ara-U excretion was detected, but the total recovery rate was low (6.7% in 24 h) and varied between patients. In spite of the lipophilic nature of the drug, the PLAC concentration in the cerebrospinal fluid, measured at 3 or 6 h, was below the limit of detection in all four patients with no meningeal involvement. This study showed low but persistent levels of PLAC in plasma and tissues, with a continuous release of small amounts of ara-C, which demonstrated antitumor activity in patients with hematologic malignancies.

Adult↗

PubMed1989

Cooperative effects of gamma-interferon and 1 alpha, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 on in vitro differentiation of the blast cells of RAEB and RAEB-T.

We added recombinant human gamma-interferon (gamma-IFN) and 1 alpha, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1 alpha, 25 (OH)2D3) to the bone marrow cells from six patients with RAEB or RAEB-T in liquid suspension cultures. After cultivation for 7 to 9 days, numerical, morphological and functional changes of the cells were assessed. gamma-IFN and 1 alpha, 25 (OH)2D3 additively suppressed cell growth, especially the number of blast cells decreased. The expression of alpha-naphthylbutyrate esterase (NBE) activity appeared to be promoted but that of naphthol AS-D chloroacetate esterase (NAE) activity was apparently suppressed by the addition of gamma-IFN and/or 1 alpha, 25 (OH)2D3. The percentage of NBT reduction-positive cells and latex-phagocytizing cells was only slightly increased by both agents. These results indicate that gamma-IFN and 1 alpha, 25 (OH)2D3 cooperate to induce monocytoid differentiation of the patients' blast cells. Combination therapy with both agents merits further study.

Adult↗

PubMed1989

Immunohistochemical and biochemical studies on the collagenous proteins of human osteosarcomas.

The distribution of type I, II, III, IV, V and VI collagens in 20 cases of osteosarcoma was demonstrated immunohistochemically using monospecific antibodies to different collagen types. In addition, biochemical analysis was made on collagenous proteins synthesized by tumor cells in short-term cultures obtained from seven representative cases and compared with dermal fibroblasts. In osteoblastic areas, most of the tumor osteoid consisted exclusively of type I collagen. Type V collagen was associated in some of them. Type III and type VI collagens were mainly localized in the perivascular fibrous stroma. Cultured tumor cells from osteoblastic osteosarcomas produced type I collagen exclusively and small amount of type V collagen constantly, while the synthetic activity of type III collagen was extremely low. In contrast, fibroblastic areas were characterized by the codistribution of type I, III, VI collagens and chondroblastic areas by type I, V, VI collagens as well as type II. Furthermore, type IV collagen was demonstrated in the stroma, other than the basement membrane region of blood vessels, in fibroblastic, intramedullary well-differentiated and telangiectatic osteosarcomas. In vitro, the production of variable amounts of type IV collagen, which was not detected in cultured dermal fibroblasts, was also recognized in the osteoblastic, fibroblastic, undifferentiated and intramedullary well-differentiated osteosarcomas examined. These findings suggest that the immunohistochemical approach using monospecific antibodies to different collagen types is useful not only in identifying some specific organoid components, such as tumor osteoid, but also in disclosing the biological properties of osteosarcoma cells with diverse differentiation.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1989

Familial occurrence of impaired interleukin-2 activity and increased peripheral blood B cells actively secreting immunoglobulins in systemic lupus erythematosus.

PURPOSE: We tested the hypothesis that some abnormalities of immune functions are genetically controlled in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). SUBJECTS AND METHODS: We used a phytohemagglutinin-induced interleukin-2 (IL-2) activity assay and a spontaneous plaque-forming cell assay to evaluate T-cell and B-cell function, respectively, in 34 clinically healthy family members of six SLE probands. RESULTS: Impaired IL-2 activity was found in 15 of the 29 consanguineous relatives. There was no relation between the household relatives and the nonhousehold relatives; none of the five nonconsanguineous household persons had abnormal results. Results for the B-cell assay were abnormal in 22 of the 29 consanguineous relatives. The B-cell abnormalities were more commonly observed in the consanguineous household relatives; four of the five nonconsanguineous household relatives also had abnormal assay results. CONCLUSION: The findings indicate that the impaired IL-2 activity in relatives appears to strongly correlate with a genetic relationship. Although the evidence favors a genetic basis for the B-cell abnormalities, environmental effects may also contribute to the familial occurrence of these abnormalities.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1989

Annuloplastic reconstruction for common atrioventricular valvular regurgitation in right isomerism.

Two patients who had common atrioventricular valvular regurgitation associated with right isomerism, univentricular heart of the right ventricular type, transposition of the great arteries, pulmonary stenosis, and both systemic and pulmonary venous anomalies underwent common atrioventricular valvular annuloplasty. They also underwent bilateral, bidirectional cavopulmonary shunt. A Carpentier's ring was used in patient 1 and a polytetrafluoroethylene tube was used in patient 2 to reduce the diameter of the common atrioventricular annuli. Postoperative catheterization confirmed complete elimination of regurgitation of the common atrioventricular valve in both patients.

Child↗

PubMed1989

Monoclonal antibodies to chick crystallins.

Several monoclonal antibodies against chick crystallins were obtained. Immunoblot analysis indicated that the monoclonal antibodies distinguish not only the three classes of crystallin (alpha, beta and delta), but also their subclasses. Monoclonal antibodies alpha 2 and alpha 1 reacted exclusively with alpha A and alpha B, respectively, demonstrating that alpha-crystallin subclasses of the chicken are antigenically distinct. An immunohistological study utilizing these monoclonal antibodies showed that the two alpha-crystallin subclasses, alpha A and alpha B, are co-expressed in the same cells and are more concentrated in the epithelium than the fibers in 14-day-old chick embryo lenses. However, immunofluorescence suggested different distribution of alpha-crystallin subclasses within an epithelial cell. alpha A is distributed evenly in the cytoplasm, but alpha B is more concentrated in the fiber-proximal side. Using anti-beta monoclonal antibodies, it was shown that beta-crystallins are divided into three distinct subclasses according to their antigenicity: 27-kDa and 25-kDa beta-crystallins are recognized by beta 1 antibody, 26-kDa and 19-kDa beta-crystallins by beta 2 antibody, and 35-kDa beta-crystallins by beta 3 antibody. All of the anti-delta-crystallin monoclonal antibodies (delta 1 to delta 3) obtained here bound to all delta-crystallin molecular species separable by isoelectrofocusing.

Animals↗

PubMed1989

Prognostic implication of sequential bone marrow cultures in the myelodysplastic syndromes.

Twenty-five patients with newly-diagnosed myelodysplastic syndromes were studied by the clonal culture method at least three times during the clinical course. Clinical outcomes of the patients were classified into: a stable disease (ten patients); subsequent leukemic transformation (eight patients) and nonleukemic death (seven patients). The growth of the marrow granulocyte-macrophage progenitors (CFU-GM) at the time of diagnosis was significantly related to the survival. In addition, sequential changes in the CFU-GM growth patterns correlated with the different clinical outcome of myelodysplastic syndromes patients.

Aged↗

PubMed1989

Rupture of a Dacron aortic prosthesis into the jejunum.

A 55-year-old man was admitted to the hospital with massive melena and shock. He had a history of Dacron Y graft reconstruction for aortoiliac atheroscerotic occlusive disease 10 years before admission. At emergency laparotomy the jejunum was adherent to the graft. After separation a fistulous communication was detected between the two. A longitudinal tear in the stem of the graft was found. The graft was reconstructed with a Gore-Tex (Gore-Tex registered trademark of W.L. Gore & Associates, Inc., Elkton, Md.) patch. His postoperative course was uneventful.

Aorta↗

PubMed1989

The UW solution for canine kidney preservation. Its specific effect on renal hemodynamics and microvasculature.

The preservation effects of UW solution on renal hemodynamics and microvascular systems were studied in canine kidney autografts. In 72-hr UW-preserved kidneys, the microvessels of both cortex and medulla were completely visualized with silicon rubber compound 1 hr after reperfusion. Histology also showed extremely well-preserved arterioglomerular and tubular systems. These results were correlated with good renal blood flow, prompt recovery of posttransplant graft function, and 100% two-week survival of dogs. In contrast, kidneys preserved for 72 hr with Euro-Collins solution showed necrotic and obstructive changes of the microvasculature and deterioration of renal hemodynamics. In 120-hr UW-preserved kidneys, the microcirculation of the medullary region became poor after reflow when there was fairly intact perfusion of the cortical region, indicating an ischemia-related intrarenal blood flow maldistribution. The 120-hr kidneys subsequently failed in spite of having a good blood flow and morphologically well-maintained microvasculature after reperfusion. These data demonstrated that much, but not all, of the beneficial effect of UW solution in kidney preservation might be attributed to its remarkable protection of renal microvasculature. Correction of intrarenal blood maldistribution caused by a discrepancy in tolerance to ischemia of the vascular and tubular systems might be important in successfully preserving the kidney for 120 hr.

Adenosine↗

PubMed1989

Growth inhibition and differentiation of murine melanoma B16-BL6 cells caused by the combination of cisplatin and caffeine.

We preliminarily investigated the combined effects of cisplatin and caffeine on murine melanoma B16-BL6 cells in vitro. When caffeine was added before or simultaneously with cisplatin, there was little growth inhibition. The addition of 2.0 mM caffeine after 1 h of exposure to cisplatin inhibited growth and induced cell differentiation. This treatment resulted in fewer cells, and the numbers of melanosomes and mitochondria and the amount of Golgi's complex and endoplasmic reticulum were increased. DNA histograms obtained by flow cytometry showed that cells treated with cisplatin alone accumulated in the G2/M phase, with a partial G2 block. The addition of 2.0 mM caffeine after 1 h of treatment with cisplatin reduced this block. Caffeine caused murine melanoma B16-BL6 cells treated with cisplatin to differentiate, and this inhibited growth.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗

PubMed1989

Pemphigoid vegetans.

A Japanese case of pemphigoid vegetans is described. The clinical, histopathological and immunological features were similar to the previously reported cases. The patient also developed vesicular lesions. Indirect immunoelectronmicroscopy revealed that the autoantibody in this patient's serum reacted with basal cell hemidesmosomes. This study provides further evidence that pemphigoid vegetans is a subtype of bullous pemphigoid.

Aged↗

PubMed1989

Effects of recombinant G-CSF and GM-CSF on in vitro differentiation of the blast cells of RAEB and RAEB-T.

To evaluate the effects of recombinant G-CSF and GM-CSF on RAEB and RAEB-T cells, blast cells from 6 patients were incubated in liquid culture systems with these CSFs for 7 days, and their numerical, morphological and functional changes were assessed. Both CSFs stimulated cell growth, but decreased the proportion of blast cells in 5 of the 6 cases. Karyotypic abnormalities persisted during cultivation in some cases. The CSFs also stimulated the expression of part of the esterase activities, and a positive interaction of both CSFs was seen in part. Although CSFs had no significant effects on the ability of cells to reduce NBT or to phagocytize latex particles, the results indicated that they induce partial differentiation of blast cells. It appears that such pathological cells still retain the capacity to respond to growth factors.

Adult↗

PubMed1989

Protective effect of prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) on energy metabolism and reticuloendothelial function in the ischemically damaged canine liver.

The protective effects of PGE1 on ischemia-related liver damage were evaluated in dogs. Ninety minutes warm hepatic ischemia was induced by the total clamping of hepatic inflow vasculatures with portal bypassing. The survival rate improved up to 62.5% when PGE1 was administered intravenously prior to ischemia, while no dog survived for longer than 1 week in the nontreated group. Hepatic ATP content was restored up to 80% of preischemic level 2 h after reflow in the PGE1 pretreated group, compared to 55% recovery in the nontreated group. Complete normalization of hepatic energy charge and rapid decrease of lactate were also seen in the PGE1 group. The clearance rate of intravascular lipid emulsion remained fairly normal in the PGE1 group, thereby suggesting well-preserved hepatic reticuloendothelial functions. The serum activities of beta-glucuronidase, GOT and GPT were suppressed in the PGE1-pretreated group, thereby implying a well-protected hepatic integrity. The histology revealed well-preserved hepatic architecture. The remarkable cytoprotective effect of PGE1 on hepatic ischemia shown in this study indicates that PGE1 warrants further study for protection of ischemically compromised hepatic allografts.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗

PubMed1989

[A case of septic shock due to pneumonia caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae].

A 51-year-old male, who had a history of excessive drinking and chronic hepatitis, was admitted to our hospital because of high fever and shock. Physical examinations, chest X-ray films and hemodynamic data revealed that he had progressed to septic shock due to pneumonia. Combination chemotherapy of latamoxef plus piperacillin was immediately started. After Klebsiella pneumoniae was isolated from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, the antibiotics were changed to ceftizoxime plus amikacin. Furthermore human gamma globulin preparations and frozen fractional plasma were administered because of granulocytopenia and a decrease in complement. Gabexate mesylate, methylprednisolone (MP) and branched chain amino acids were given to prevent disseminated intravascular coagulation and/or multiple organ failure. With this intensive care, he recovered from shock and pneumonia. The effects of MP on the whole blood chemiluminescence (CL) were examined. Incubation of whole blood with 25, 50 or 100 micrograms/ml of MP for 10 to 60 minutes had no effects on the CL response. This indicates that MP does not affect the production of reactive oxygen species from phagocytic cells at concentrations comparable to those used in drug therapy.

Humans↗

PubMed1989

[Production of oxygen free radicals by phagocytes in patients on hemodialysis].

In order to elucidate the vulnerability to infection in patients on chronic hemodialysis, as one of the host defense mechanisms, the production of oxygen free radicals by phagocytes was studied in patients by luminol- or lucigenine-enhanced chemiluminescence (CL). Whole blood CL of the patients, in both luminol- or lucigenine-enhanced was significantly higher than that in healthy adults after stimulation by zymosan, PMA, and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) 209 P. However, the CL response of the patients' polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) with the same stimuli was slightly lower than that in healthy adults. There were no differences in the levels of opsonins, such as complements and immunoglobulins, between the patients and healthy adults. It appears that any factor in the patients' serum enhances CL response, because of the PMN CL response after addition of patients' serum was higher than that after addition of healthy controls' serum, and the PMN CL response after the addition of patients' serum obtained after hemodialysis was higher than that before hemodialysis. The addition of erythrocytes to PMNs from healthy adults caused a reduction in the PMN CL response, but the addition of urea and creatinine had no effect. The CL response induced by microsphere-bound luminol (lumisphere), which makes possible the direct measurement of highly reactive oxygen within phagosomes, was studied in the patients and controls. The CL response in the patients was slightly lower than those in controls, but not significant. These results suggest that not only CL response of phagocytes but also other defense mechanisms should be studied further to make clear the vulnerability to infection in these patients. In addition, the effect of three antibiotics, cefbuperazone, cefminox and latamoxef on luminol-enhanced CL of whole blood was studied in healthy adults and the patients. After 3-hour exposure to those drugs at subinhibitory concentration (1/4 MIC), Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) 163 treated by drugs induced higher CL response of whole blood than that by untreated bacteria in both healthy adults and the patients, and the peak time of the CL response induced by the drug-treated bacteria was shorter than that by untreated bacteria. This study suggests that the three drugs at sub-MIC work in partnership with host defense against infection due to K. pneumoniae even in patients on chronic hemodialysis.

Adult↗

PubMed1989

Effects of 2(3)-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole pretreatment on cefpiramide binding to mouse glutathione S-transferases.

Binding of cefpiramide (CPM) and other beta-lactam antimicrobial agents to 2(3)-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole (BHA)-induced liver glutathione (GSH) S-transferases (EC 2.5.1.18) from CD-1 mice was studied. A marked induction of hepatic GSH S-transferase from mice fed BHA was observed. Gel chromatography of liver cytosol from mice fed BHA showed an increased binding of CPM, cefotetan and cefazolin to BHA-induced GSH S-transferases. The extent of their binding to GSH S-transferase seemed to be correlated with the extent of their excretion into the bile. Binding of CPM to the GSH S-transferase fraction was inhibited by both indocyanine green, which is known to bind liver GSH S-transferases intensively, and by cefoperazon, which is mainly excreted into the bile. This study suggests that GSH S-transferases are the main binding proteins of CPM in the liver cytosol fraction and play an important role as carrier proteins of CPM and some antimicrobial agents in mouse liver.

Animals↗

PubMed1989

Comparison of efficacy, toxicity and pharmacokinetics of free adriamycin and adriamycin linked to oxidized dextran in rats.

Adriamycin linked to oxidized dextran (ADM-OXD) via Schiff's base formation was compared with free adriamycin with regard to antitumor activity, acute toxicity and plasma pharmacokinetics in rats following i.v. administration. ADM-OXD showed higher activity against Walker carcinosarcoma 256 than free adriamycin. On the other hand, the acute toxicity of ADM-OXD was about three times less than that of free adriamycin. In contrast to free adriamycin, a very high plasma level of adriamycin was found after i.v. administration of ADM-OXD. The area under the plasma concentration curve with ADM-OXD was about 160-fold higher than with free adriamycin. Thus, the improvement of the therapeutic index in the case of ADM-OXD might be due to the difference in the disposition of ADM-OXD and free adriamycin in rats.

Animals↗

PubMed1989

[A study of the state-trait anxiety inventory (STAI) and its application to noise stress].

By using the STAI developed by Spielberger et al. we have investigated the validity and reliability of two scales, that is, State Anxiety (A-State) and Trait Anxiety (A-Trait), and at the same time have examined them under various conditions. The results obtained are as follows: 1) As a result of factor analysis concerning 40 items of the STAI used in this research, we have confirmed that both A-State and A-Trait have independent factor structures of their own, and that the items of the scales also carry their own validity. 2) After due consideration of the test-retest reliability of the two scales, we have found that A-Trait has rather high stability. Moreover, we have noticed that Cronbach's alpha coefficients, which show the reliability of the two scales, are high. In consequence, we have confirmed the high reliability of the two scales. 3) In comparing the scores of A-State and A-Trait obtained from young healthy people with those from healthy aged people, we have noticed that the aged get low scores on each of the two scales, and that each score distribution shows an excellent fit to the normal one. 4) We have found that A-State scores go up significantly when people are in a condition of emotional stress, but that there is not any change of A-Trait scores. 5) We have observed a significant increase of A-State scores at each noise level over 75 dB(A).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗